Chapter 4 US History

What is judicial review?

The power to decide if a law violates the Constitution. - John Marshall's Supreme Court During the Virginia Dynasty

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the Treaty of Ghent?

not Britain abandoned their Indian allies, which marks the second time Britain has abandoned them. - President Madison and the War of 1812

Why did Jackson veto the bill to recharter the Bank of the United States in 1832?

not He was out of touch with the realities of finance and took a gamble signing the veto - Jacksonian America: Bank of the United States and the Panic of 1837

Which of the following correctly summarizes the Corrupt Bargain in 1824?

not Henry Clay, the House Majority Leader, influenced the electoral college in return for a place in the cabinet of John Quincy Adams. - President John Quincy Adams and the Election of 1824

Which best reflects the Democratic-Republicans' early position on a national bank?

not It would help America pay its debts. - James Madison After the War of 1812: The Era of Good Feelings

Which of the following was most emphasized by the Jefferson presidency?

not There has to be a proper balance between the federal and state government. - President Jefferson's Election and Jeffersonian Democracy

Which of the following is TRUE of American cities in the early to mid-1800s?

not There were more large cities than ever before - Economic Expansion in the 1800s: Slavery, Immigration & Corporations

In what year was Thomas Jefferson elected president?

1800 - Thomas Jefferson: Facts & Presidency

After which event is the nation represented in this map?

The Missouri Compromise - Henry Clay and the Missouri Compromise of 1820

Which historic document does the following excerpt most likely come from? The American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers.

The Monroe Doctrine - James Monroe's Presidency: The Monroe Doctrine

Which of the following did NOT contribute to America's population increase during the early 1800s?

The Napoleonic Wars - Economic Expansion in the 1800s: Slavery, Immigration & Corporations

Identify which of the following was a likely profile of a member of the Essex Junto.

A middle-aged wealthy white merchant from Massachusetts - Thomas Jefferson's Presidency: Louisiana Purchase, Lewis & Clark, and More

How did the Nullification Crisis end?

A tariff bill was passed with the intention of lowering tariffs over ten years -Regional Conflict in America: Debate Over States' Rights

Identify which of the following is a profile of a person who could vote for the first time in 1828:

A white poor baker in New York - President Andrew Jackson and the Age of the Common Man

Which of the following was a supporter of Jefferson in 1800?

A young white yeoman farmer. - President Jefferson's Election and Jeffersonian Democracy

How did Adams differ from Jefferson, Madison, and Monroe?

Adams was not a member of the Virginia Dynasty, while Jefferson, Madison, and Monroe were. - President John Quincy Adams and the Election of 1824

Which event is correctly paired with the associated territory?

Adams-Onís Treaty - Florida - James Monroe's Presidency: The Monroe Doctrine

Which did NOT help start the Era of Good Feelings?

All of the Indian conflicts were settled. - James Madison After the War of 1812: The Era of Good Feelings

What was President Jackson's view of the Indian tribes east of the Mississippi prompting the Indian Removal Act of 1830?

All of the answers are correct - The Trail of Tears and Jackson's Indian Removal Act of 1830

Which was NOT an ideal of Jeffersonian Democracy?

America should immediately abolish slavery. - President Jefferson's Election and Jeffersonian Democracy

Based on the following chart, how did the U.S. population change between 1790-1860?

America's population grew steadily throughout its early history - Economic Expansion in the 1800s: Slavery, Immigration & Corporations

What is the American System?

An economic plan featuring internal improvements like roads and canals - James Madison After the War of 1812: The Era of Good Feelings

Which of the following best describes the victorious army at the Battle of New Orleans?

Andrew Jackson led an American force of free blacks, state militiamen, and pirates. - President Madison and the War of 1812

Why did Madison charter the Second Bank of the United States?

Because America needed credit to pay for the War of 1812 - James Madison After the War of 1812: The Era of Good Feelings

Why did President Madison believe that the war of 1812 could be won?

Because he believed the British would be worn out by the French. - President Madison and the War of 1812

Why did Tecumseh organize his social movement?

Because he wanted to revive the native religion and oppose the U.S. government. - President Madison and the War of 1812

Why was the election of 1824 significant?

Because none of the candidates received a majority of the electoral college vote. - President John Quincy Adams and the Election of 1824

Why was the Louisiana Purchase problematic?

Because the Constitution doesn't give the president power to buy land. - Thomas Jefferson's Presidency: Louisiana Purchase, Lewis & Clark, and More

What was significant about the election of 1800?

Because there was a tie in the electoral vote between Burr and Jefferson for the presidential election. - President Jefferson's Election and Jeffersonian Democracy

Why was it unusual for John C. Calhoun to serve as vice-president to both Jackson and Adams?

Because they were members of opposing political parties, but he shifted his political affiliation. - President Andrew Jackson and the Age of the Common Man

How were John C. Calhoun and William H. Crawford similar?

Both of them held the post of secretary of war. - President John Quincy Adams and the Election of 1824

Which of the following is NOT a way Jackson attempted to protect the rights of the common man?

By supporting Henry Clay's Maysville Road project. - President Andrew Jackson and the Age of the Common Man

Which Indian tribe tried to adapt to White ways, but was still forced to move?

Cherokee - The Trail of Tears and Jackson's Indian Removal Act of 1830

How did Henry Clay's view of Missouri differ from that of Thomas Jefferson's in the early 1820s?

Clay supported the addition of Missouri so it could move on politically, while Jefferson was wary of the idea and thought it would bring along new problems. - Henry Clay and the Missouri Compromise of 1820

Which political party dominated the early decades of the 19th century?

Democratic-Republican - James Monroe's Presidency: The Monroe Doctrine

Which event is NOT associated with Thomas Jefferson?

Emancipation Proclamation - Thomas Jefferson: Facts & Presidency

Thomas Jefferson's vision for the growth and development of the new United States was based on which economic activity?

Farming - Thomas Jefferson: Facts & Presidency

Why was William Henry Harrison significant in the war of 1812?

He defeated the Indian coalition at the Battle of Tippecanoe. - President Madison and the War of 1812

Why did John C. Calhoun resign as vice president and return to the Senate?

He did not want the crisis to become uncontrollable -Regional Conflict in America: Debate Over States' Rights

How did Jackson react to the fact that Mexico refused to sell Texas?

He encouraged American settlers to pour into Texas who then started a revolution and declared independence. - Andrew Jackson vs. the Whig Party: Rise of Executive Power

What was controversial about Jefferson finishing the capitol building?

He had promised not to spend much money as president. - Thomas Jefferson's Presidency: Louisiana Purchase, Lewis & Clark, and More

Why was Alexander Hamilton killed?

He interfered with Burr's political career, for which Burr killed him in a duel. - President Jefferson's Election and Jeffersonian Democracy

John Marshall permanently changed the Supreme Court's role in government. Which of the following best demonstrates his legacy?

He secured the power of judicial review for the Supreme Court. - John Marshall's Supreme Court During the Virginia Dynasty

How did Madison act towards Native Americans?

He took their land when it was convenient for him. - James Madison After the War of 1812: The Era of Good Feelings

Which of the following is FALSE regarding John Quincy Adams?

He was criticized for seeking the presidency without having government experience. - President John Quincy Adams and the Election of 1824

Why were states after Missouri, such as Michigan and Arkansas in 1836, admitted in pairs?

In order to maintain the balance of slave versus non-slave states. - Henry Clay and the Missouri Compromise of 1820

How did the election of 1828 differ to most elections that preeceded it?

It only had 2 candidates of the 2 major parties, the National Republicans and the Democrats. - President Andrew Jackson and the Age of the Common Man

What was significant about the 36°30' line across the map?

It was the dividing line between slave and free states. - Henry Clay and the Missouri Compromise of 1820

Why was the inauguration of Jackson in 1829 different to that of Adams' four years prior?

It was the first public inauguration, which drew a huge celebrating crowd. - Andrew Jackson vs. the Whig Party: Rise of Executive Power

Which of the following was NOT a cause of the forming of the Whigs?

Jackson's negative stance towards the middle class. - Andrew Jackson vs. the Whig Party: Rise of Executive Power

The Supreme Court case of _____ established the legality of the Bank of the United States.

McCulloch v. Maryland - Jacksonian America: Bank of the United States and the Panic of 1837

Which of the following is a reason for the expansion of the Old Southwest before 1820?

More land was needed for growing cotton. - Henry Clay and the Missouri Compromise of 1820

Thomas Jefferson is associated with what political party of the 1790s and early 1800s?

Republican - Thomas Jefferson: Facts & Presidency

What office did Thomas Jefferson hold in George Washington's presidential Cabinet?

Secretary of State - Thomas Jefferson: Facts & Presidency

Which of the following is true about McCulloch v. Maryland?

The Constitution implies that Congress has more power than what is enumerated. - John Marshall's Supreme Court During the Virginia Dynasty

Interpret the Monroe Doctrine from the perspective of the European powers.

The Doctrine warned them to stop involving themselves in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere. - James Monroe's Presidency: The Monroe Doctrine

How did Marbury v. Madison influence the role of the United States Supreme Court?

The Supreme Court can decide if laws are unconstitutional and overturn them. - John Marshall's Supreme Court During the Virginia Dynasty

How did the Burr Conspiracy impact Jefferson?

The fact that he had Burr arrested for treason for trying to seize Spanish land, while the Supreme Court acquitted him, made him seem weak. - Thomas Jefferson's Presidency: Louisiana Purchase, Lewis & Clark, and More

How did Jackson's approach to staffing the executive office differ to that of John Quincy Adams'?

Their approach was essentially the same, although Jackson's was considered more like a spoils system. - Andrew Jackson vs. the Whig Party: Rise of Executive Power

Which of the following regarding the 1828 election is FALSE?

There was a relatively low voter turnout, with only 30% of eligible voters at the polls. - President Andrew Jackson and the Age of the Common Man

Why did some of the Cherokee choose NOT to fight against their removal?

They believed the United States was too powerful to defeat - The Trail of Tears and Jackson's Indian Removal Act of 1830

Four of the first five presidents came from Virginia, and their collective decisions shaped the United States government for centuries to come. Which is NOT an action this group of leaders took?

They collapsed the Democratic-Republican Party. - James Monroe's Presidency: The Monroe Doctrine

Why did many Americans distrust the Bank of the United States?

They considered it a monopoly for the wealthy - Jacksonian America: Bank of the United States and the Panic of 1837

What role did American corporations play in the early 1800s?

They helped push the nation toward a market economy - Economic Expansion in the 1800s: Slavery, Immigration & Corporations

How did the American public react to the Lewis and Clark Expedition?

They were excited. - Thomas Jefferson's Presidency: Louisiana Purchase, Lewis & Clark, and More

How did the removal of the Cherokee, which was characterized by a thousand-mile walk westward known as the Trail of Tears, affect the Cherokee tribe?

Thousands died from cold weather, disease, old age and fatigue. - The Trail of Tears and Jackson's Indian Removal Act of 1830

Which of the following did Congress block, which prompted Jackson to veto several pieces of legislation?

Treaty of New Echota - Andrew Jackson vs. the Whig Party: Rise of Executive Power

Which treaty helped Jackson to force Indians off of their land?

Treaty of New Echota - The Trail of Tears and Jackson's Indian Removal Act of 1830

The Panic of 1837 was caused by a number of factors, including:

Unhindered bank speculation on American growth - Jacksonian America: Bank of the United States and the Panic of 1837

As head of the Bank of the United States, Biddle sought to regulate local banks in order to _____.

control their lending policies - Jacksonian America: Bank of the United States and the Panic of 1837

During the Nullification Crisis, South Carolina wanted to _____ .

declare the federal tariff null and void -Regional Conflict in America: Debate Over States' Rights

During Andrew Jackson's administration, there were regional economic conflicts between the North, South and Western United States. The Northern states relied upon _____. The Southern states felt that their survival depended upon _____. The Western states depended upon _____ for their growth.

heavy industry; slavery; agricultural land -Regional Conflict in America: Debate Over States' Rights

According to Fletcher v. Peck, the Supreme Court asserted that, _____.

state legislation which violates federal law must be thrown out - John Marshall's Supreme Court During the Virginia Dynasty

Two issues on which there was disagreement between the North and the South were _____ and _____.

tariffs and slavery -Regional Conflict in America: Debate Over States' Rights

A merchant living in the interior of America in the early 1800s would mostly use _____ to transport his goods to markets in the east.

the rivers - Economic Expansion in the 1800s: Slavery, Immigration & Corporations