chapter 4 worksheets

oxygen

Fermentation is an anaerobic process because it occurs without ____.

ATP

Fermentation is important, because it allows glycolysis to continue making ____ when oxygen is unavailable for cellular respiration.

two

Fermentation is involved in the production of ATP by allowing glycolysis to take place. Glycolysis yields ____ net ATP.

electrons

Fermentation removes ____ from NADH and recycles NAD+ to glycolysis.

hard exercise

Fermentation takes place in your muscle cells during ____, when not enough oxygen is available.

chemical/molecules

In chemosynthesis, ____ energy is used to produce carbon-based ____ that store energy.

waste product/muscles

Lactic acid is the three-carbon ____ of lactic acid fermentation. It causes a burning feeling in your ____ during exercise.

grana

Thylakoids are coin-shaped, membrane-enclosed compartments inside the ____.

phosphate group

ADP is converted back into ATP by the addition of a ____.

light energy/chemical energy

Photosynthesis captures ____ to make sugars that store ____.

grana/stroma

Photosynthesis takes place in two parts of a chloroplast: the ____ and the ____.

Alcoholic Fermentation

Produces alcohol and carbon dioxide

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Produces lactic acid

Lactic Acid Fermentation and Alcoholic Fermentation

Recycles NAD+ to glycolysis

chemical energy

Some organisms are called producers because they produce the source of ____ for themselves and for other organisms.

Two ways in which cellular respiration seems to be opposite of photosynthesis

1. The overall chemical equations are the reverse of each other. 2. Cellular respiration breaks down sugars to make ATP, and photosynthesis uses ATP to make sugars.

Photosynthesis equation

6CO2 + 6H2O ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2

three/two

ATP has ____ phosphate groups, and ADP has ____ phosphate groups.

high-energy/lower-energy

ATP is a ____ molecule that is converted into ____ ADP when a phosphate group is removed and energy is released.

molecule/food molecules

All cells use adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for energy. ATP is a _____ that transfers energy from the breakdown of _____ to cell processes.

Chemical equation for cellular respiration

C6H12O6 + 6O2 ----> 6CO2 + 6H2O

energy/oxygen

Cellular respiration is a process that releases ____ from sugars and other carbon-based molecules to make ATP when ____ is present.

oxygen

Cellular respiration is called an aerobic process, because it needs ____ to take place.

mitochondria

Cellular respiration takes place in the ____.

chemical energy/light energy

Chemosynthesis is a process by which some organisms use ____ instead of _____ to make energy-storing carbon-based molecules.

visible light

Chlorophyll is a molecule in chloroplasts that absorbs some of the energy in ____.

green

Chlorophyll is the light-absorbing molecule that makes leaves look ____.

photosynthesis

Chloroplasts are membrane-bound organelles where ____ takes place in plants.

sugar

During glycolysis, a ____ is broken down (or "loosened").

glucose/ATP

During glycolysis, one molecule of ____ is split into two three-carbon molecules and two ____ are formed.

energy/sugars

During photosynthesis, ____ from light is used to put together ____.

break down

During the Krebs cycle, chemical reactions ____ carbon-based molecules.

oxygen

Glycolysis is an anaerobic process because it takes place without ____.

Two parts of a mitochondrion where cellular respiration takes place.

Matrix and Inner mitochondrial membrane.

light/energy

The light-dependent reactions require ____ and they build ____.

independent

The reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light are called light-____.

carbon dioxide

The term fermentation is based on a word that means "to bubble." This meaning is related to the fermentation process because bubbles of ____ are produced during alcoholic fermentation.

glucose and oxygen

The two products in photosynthesis equation are ____ and ____.

carbon dioxide and water

The two reactants in photosynthesis equation are ____ and ____.

carbon dioxide and water

Two products in cellular respiration

glucose and oxygen

Two reactants in cellular respiration

Lactic Acid Fermentation and Alcoholic Fermentation

Uses pyruvate and NADH