Chapter 4.1 Energy, Producers, and Consumers
Solar Energy
Algae and plants harness _________ to build living tissues through photosynthesis, converting CO2 and water into sugars and starches
Photosynthesis
Algae and plants harness solar energy to build living tissues through _____________, using solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
Plants
Are the main primary producers on land
Chemical energy
Chemosynthesis uses ________________ to produce carbohydrates
Detritivors
Chew or grind detritus particles into smaller pieces
Energy and nutrients
Consumers are organisms that rely on other organisms for _________________
Organisms
Cosumers/Heterotrophs rely on other ____________ to acquire energy and nutrients
Detritus
Decomposers produce _______ or small pieces of dead and decaying plant and animal remains.
Chemical energy
During chemosynthesis, carbon dioxide, oxygen and ______________ are converted into carbohydrates and sulfur compounds
Light Energy
During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide, water and ______ are converted into carbohydrates and oxygen
Decomposers
Feed by chemically breaking down organic matter
Primary Producers
First producers of energy-rich compounds that can be used later by other organisms
Fruits
Food that is easy to digest and are usually rich in energy and nutrients
Consumers
Heterotrophs are also known as ______________
Enzyme
Leaves are composed largely of cellulose. No multicellular organism can manufacture an ___________ to break down cellulose molecules
Autotrophs
Organisms that can capture ENERGY from nonliving sources and convert it into forms living cells can use
Scavengers
Organisms that consume the carcasses of other animals that have been killed by predators or have died of other causes
Omnivors
Organisms that eat both plants and other animals. Ex. Humans
Carnivors
Organisms that kill and eat other animals
Heterotrophs
Organisms that must acquire energy from other organisms, usually by eating them
Herbivores
Organisms that obtain energy and nutrients by eating plant leaves, roots, seeds or fruits
Carbon dioxide
Photosynthetic primary producers also add oxygen to the atmosphere and remove ____________
Oxygen
Plants use solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into ______ and carbohydrates
Leaves
Plentiful in many ecosystems, but low in energy and tough to digest
Energy
Powers most life on Earth and comes from the SUN
Chemosynthesis
Some bacteria can also harness chemical energy from inorganic molecules through a process called ____________, in which carbohydrates are produced
All life
________ depends on primary producers