Chapter 43 Pathophysiology NCLEX-Style Review Questions

Which disorder of the male genitourinary system creates the most urgent need for prompt and aggressive surgical treatment? -Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) -Erectile dysfunction -Spermatocele -Intravaginal testicular torsion

Intravaginal testicular torsion

The community health nurse is providing men's health education on prostate cancer. Which risk factors for prostate cancer should the nurse include in the discussion? Select all that apply. -High intake of green tea -Native American/First Nations descent -Father-in-law treated for prostate cancer -Consuming high fat dairy items -High fat diet from processed meat

Consuming high fat dairy items, High fat diet from processed meat

After seeking care due to recent history of testicular enlargement and scrotal pain, a 22-year-old college student has been diagnosed with testicular cancer. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching? -"I really hope the cancer hasn't spread anywhere, because I've read that it's a possibility." -"I have to admit that the prospect of losing a testicle is a bit overwhelming." -"I can't shake this feeling like I've received a death sentence." -"I guess there's some solace in the fact that this cancer wasn't a result of an unhealthy lifestyle."

"I can't shake this feeling like I've received a death sentence."

While working with a client with a fairly recent spinal cord injury, the partner asks about the couple's ability to maintain a sexual relationship. Which response by the nurse is most accurate? -"It takes all components, neural, vascular, and chemical pathways to produce a satisfactory erection." -"As long as you can stimulate each other in a meaningful way, then this will fulfill your need for sex." -"It is highly doubtful since the majority of nerves in the lower back must function in order to obtain an erection and for ejaculation." -"If the parasympathetic impulses can pass from the sacral segments of spinal cord through pelvic nerves, an erection should be possible."

"If the parasympathetic impulses can pass from the sacral segments of spinal cord through pelvic nerves, an erection should be possible."

A client calls the clinic and informs the nurse that he has sustained an erection for 3 hours and that it is extremely painful. The client has a history of sickle cell disease and this has not happened to him in the past. Which instruction should the nurse give to the client? -The client is having an increase in blood flow to the penis. -There are no long-term effects of this occurrence. -The client should not be concerned; this often happens in male clients. -If the client does not seek medical attention, impotence may result.

If the client does not seek medical attention, impotence may result.

What late complications of a transurethral prostatectomy (TURP) will the nurse address with the client as a part of discharge teaching? -Increased hemorrhage -Incontinence -Inability to urinate -Increased clotting

Incontinence

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has non-inflammatory prostatitis. The nurse would expect the results to include: -Pain radiating down the inner thighs -Increased PSA level -Positive urine culture for bacteria -Normal leukocyte count

Normal leukocyte count

A 52-year-old male diagnosed with erectile dysfunction (ED) asks the nurse what will be implemented as a first option for treatment. The best response would be: -Intravenous administration of a PDE-5 inhibitor -Catheterization and increased fluids to increase vascular flow -Surgical placement of a penile prosthesis -Psychosexual counseling and PDE-5 inhibitor medications

Psychosexual counseling and PDE-5 inhibitor medications

Palliative care for clients diagnosed with terminal prostate cancer includes focal irradiation of symptomatic bone disease and: -chemotherapy. -pain control. -radiation therapy. -counseling for depression control.

pain control.

A 69-year-old client presents with urinary urgency and nocturia. After testing he has been diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). When describing the etiology and prognosis of BPH, what should the nurse explain to the client? -BPH results from a combination of risk factors, most of which are modifiable. -The etiology of BPH can usually be traced to long-term overdistention of the bladder. -BPH is an independent risk factor for the development of prostate cancer. -Surgery can often be avoided if pharmacologic interventions are successful.

Surgery can often be avoided if pharmacologic interventions are successful.

An adolescent male comes to the urgent care clinic. Upon assessment, the following is noted: history of circumcision, erythema of the glans, and prepuce with a malodorous discharge. Based on symptoms, the probable diagnosis would be: -Balanitis xerotica obliterans -Acute superficial balanoposthitis -Penile carcinoma -Acute phimosis

Acute superficial balanoposthitis

What is the most common cause of recurrent urinary tract infections in males? -Cryptorchidism -Chronic bacterial prostatitis -Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) -Peyronie disease

Chronic bacterial prostatitis

Select the factor that would increase a male's risk for the development of testicular cancer. -Improper hygiene practices -Occupational exposure to soot -History of cryptorchidism -Exposure to ultraviolet A radiation

History of cryptorchidism

A client is admitted into the emergency department with a sustained erection lasting 4 hours. Which initial treatments does the nurse anticipate administering? Select all that apply. -Surgical shunt -Hydrating measures -Insertion of a urinary catheter -Analgesics -Sedation

Hydrating measures, Analgesics, Sedation

Which chronic health issues increase a man's risk for developing erectile dysfunction? Select all that apply. -Hyperlipidemia -Asthma -Crohn disease -Diabetes mellitus -Hypertension

Hyperlipidemia, Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension

Which statements are true regarding priapism? Select all that apply. -It is not always related to sexual stimulation. -It can be triggered by sickle cell disease. -It is rarely observed in men younger than 20 years of age. -It can result in ischemia of the erectile tissue of the penis. -It involves an erection that lasts longer than 2 hours.

It is not always related to sexual stimulation., It can be triggered by sickle cell disease., It can result in ischemia of the erectile tissue of the penis.

A client is concerned about having mumps orchitis and asks the nurse about the symptoms. What is the nurse's best response? -Abnormal increase in sexual drive -Painful enlargement of the testes with fever 3 days after infection -Painful urination with the presence of urethral discharge -Purplish or red-colored scrotum after an abdominal procedure

Painful enlargement of the testes with fever 3 days after infection

When assessing the client with chronic inflammatory bacterial prostatitis, the nurse recognizes which findings are typically present? Select all that apply. -Painful urination -Bacteriuria -Low back pain -Frequency of urination -Epigastric tenderness

Painful urination, Bacteriuria, Low back pain, Frequency of urination

A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child who has undergone corrective surgery for cryptorchidism. The most important information for the nurse to provide is: -Explanations that medication therapy needs to be administered until puberty. -Parents must understand that their child is at increased risk for sterility. -Teaching should include methods to prevent recurrence of this problem. -Parents should be taught that their child needs frequent follow-up visits.

Parents should be taught that their child needs frequent follow-up visits.

Which statements regarding prostate cancer are true? Select all that apply. -Prognosis has improved because of PSA diagnostic screenings. -Age is a risk factor of this cancer. -Black males are at highest risk for developing the disease. -Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men. -Screening for prostate cancer should begin at age 60.

Prognosis has improved because of PSA diagnostic screenings., Age is a risk factor of this cancer., Black males are at highest risk for developing the disease.