Chapter 5 Anatomy & Physiology Tissue Organization

The type of connective tissue that serves as padding and acts as an insulator to slow heat loss through the skin is

Adipose, Fat, adipose, or fat

Is located in the heart

Cardiac muscle

Pumps the blood

Cardiac muscle

The main type of tissue that functions to support tissues and bind structures together is ______ tissue.

Connective or connective

Janice is a 79-year-old woman recently admitted to the ER with a fractured hip after a fall. Which of the following is a common tissue change that occurs with aging and could inhibit her recovery?

Decrease in the amount of connective tissue

Which nerve cell process receives incoming signals and transmits them to the cell body?

Dendrite

The visible part of the ear has the ability to stretch significantly, and then recoil back to its original position. Which protein fiber must be present?

Elastic

The major tissue type that acts as "a gatekeeper" because it regulates the movement of materials in and out of certain body regions is _______ tissue.

Epithelial, epithelium, or epithelial

True or false: Mucous connective tissue is the first type to emerge in the developing embryo.

False Reason: Mesenchyme is the first to appear.

Which of the following tissues has cells residing in lacunae?

Hyaline cartilage

______ is when there is an increase in the number of cells due to mitosis.

Hyperplasia

Cells are large, long, and cylindrical, with many nuclei located at the periphery

Skeletal muscle

Is under voluntary (conscious) control

Skeletal muscle

Moves the body

Skeletal muscle

This type of muscle lacks striations and is found in the walls of most viscera such as the stomach and blood vessels.

Smooth

Controls the amount of light entering the eye

Smooth muscle

True or false: An organ is a structure composed of multiple types of tissues that must work together to accomplish a complex task.

True

True or false: Areolar connective tissue is found nearly everywhere in the body.

True

True or false: Tissues are groups of similar cells that carry out a common function.

True

Connective tissues perform ______.

a wide variety of functions

Which three are functions of adipose tissue? synthesizes hormones that control blood pressure acts as an insulator to slow heat loss makes new blood cells provides padding cushions shock

acts as an insulator to slow heat loss provides padding cushions shock

Which is an example of connective tissue proper?

adipose tissue

Endothelium lines ______.

blood vessels

The most diverse, abundant, and widely distributed tissue in the body is ______.

connective

Loose connective tissues is best categorized as which of the following tissue types?

connective tissue proper

Select all that contain a simple cuboidal epithelium. ducts of most glands lining of the digestive tract kidney tubules lumen of blood vessels (endothelium)

ducts of most glands kidney tubules

Cells of a blastocyst that form the embryo are called the ______.

embryoblast

keratinized stratified squamous

epidermis of skin

Which of the following options are examples of tissue aging? connective tissues become more pliant epithelia become thinner bones become more brittle muscles atrophy

epithelia become thinner bones become more brittle muscles atrophy

The majority of glands are composed of ______.

epithelial tissue

Red blood cells are called ______.

erythrocytes

These glands have ducts and excrete their products onto the surface of the skin or into the lumen.

exocrine

Which two statements characterize simple squamous epithelial tissue?

it lines blood vessels it allows for rapid diffusion or filtration

Which statements describe the locations of epithelial tissue? lines many organs covers body surfaces covers many organs attached to bones lines body cavities

lines many organs covers body surfaces covers many organs lines body cavities

transitional

lining of urinary bladder, ureters, and part of the urethra

What type of membrane lines body passageways that eventually open to the external environment?

mucous

These epithelial cells form a single layer of tall, narrow cells whose apical membranes may have microvilli for increased absorption and secretion.

nonciliated simple columnar

simple cuboidal

one layer of cells that are about as high as they are wide

Which type of epithelium is one cell layer thick? simple stratified transitional glandular

simple

The type of epithelium that would best allow rapid diffusion, osmosis, or filtration is ____________ epithelium.

simple squamous

Which type of epithelium is in the lining of the lung air sacs?

simple squamous

The type of epithelial tissue that is only one cell-layer thick is called __________; the type of epithelial tissue that is two or more cell-layers thick is called _________.

simple; stratified

Which three are locations of areolar connective tissue? subcutaneous layer deep to skin within tendons and ligaments surrounding blood vessels dermis of the skin

subcutaneous layer deep to skin surrounding blood vessels dermis of the skin

Groups of similar cells and extracellular material that perform a common function are ______.

tissues

What type of epithelium contains cells able to withstand a significant amount of stretch?

transitional

Cells or fibers appear striated (banded)

z

Which occurs in aging?

amount of collagen in body declines

Which type of epithelial is cell is taller than it is wide?

columnar

Functions of muscle tissue include ______.

contraction of the heart propulsion of materials through digestive tract voluntary movements of body parts

The two categories of connective tissue proper are _____ connective tissue and _____ connective tissue.

dense loose

Blood is a type of ______ connective tissue.

fluid

pseudostratified ciliated columnar

lines upper respiratory tract

Erythrocytes are ______.

red blood cells

An epithelial cell is classified as ______ if it is thin and flat.

squamous

The major tissue type that acts as "a gatekeeper" because it regulates the movement of materials in and out of certain body regions is __________ tissue.

Epithelial, epithelium, or epithelial

These connective tissue cells are closely packed together and have nuclei squeezed to one side by the material that they store.

adipose

The type of connective tissue shown here is found nearly everywhere in the body. It is also a major component of the subcutaneous layer of the skin. It is called ______ connective tissue.

areolar

The opposite of hypertrophy is called

atrophy or dystrophy

Which option best explains why nutrients for epithelial cells are obtained by diffusion from the underlying connective tissue? regenerative capacity avascularity polarity extensive innervations

avascularity Reason: Avascularity means a lack of blood vessels, which is a characteristic of epitheilal tissues.

nonkeratinized stratified squamous

body openings like the oral cavity, vagina, and anus

Osteocytes are residents of ________ tissue.

bone

This type of epithelium is known for its ability to move structures like the oocyte in a uterine tube or small particles in the bronchioles of the lung.

ciliated simple columnar epithelium

The function of this connective tissue pictured is to withstand stress applied in all directions and is extremely durable.

dense irregular

Collagen fibers are packed tightly and aligned parallel to an applied force in

dense regular connective tissue

Tendons and ligaments are primarily made of

dense regular connective tissue

Which of the following would you expect to find in the walls of the large arteries?

elastic connective tissue

Which type of glands lack ducts and can secrete their products directly into the bloodstream?

endocrine

The simple squamous epithelium that lines blood and lymphatic vessels is called a(n)

endothelium

What is the simple squamous epithelium that lines blood and lymphatic vessels called?

endothelium

Which option best explains the ability of epithelial tissues to repair themselves? polarity high regenerative capacity avascularity extensive innervation

high regenerative capacity

The study of tissues and their relationships to organs is called which of the following?

histology

Where might you find simple squamous epithelium?

lining of lumen of blood vessels (endothelium) lining of air sacs (alveoli) of lungs

The relative proportions of cells, fibers, and ground substance are the basis of classification for ______ connective tissues.

loose and dense

What type of tissue supports epithelium?

loose connective tissue

Which type of connective tissue is located in the umbilical cord only?

mucous connective tissue

Of the types of the body membranes, the principal types of internal membranes are _____ and _____ membranes.

mucous or synovial serous

Cell types of nervous tissue that are responsible for control and information processing are

neurons or neuron

Which criteria are used to classify epithelia? number of cell layers function shape of cells at basal surface shape of cells at apical surface

number of cell layers shape of cells at apical surface

simple squamous

one layer of flat, wide irregular-shaped cells

simple columnar, ciliated

one layer of tall, narrow cells that can move objects along their apical surface

simple columnar, nonciliated

one layer of tall, narrow cells that often contain microvilli

A structure, which is composed of two or more tissue types, that works together to perform a specific task is a(n)

organ

Which type of epithelium is composed of a single layer of cells that are attached to a basement membrane, but not all the cells reach the apical surface of the epithelium?

pseudostratified

Choose the type of connective tissue one would find in the stroma of lymph nodes, in the spleen, the thymus, and in the bone marrow.

reticular

The structure of the spleen and lymph nodes are composed mainly of

reticular connective tissue

Which of the following are functions of epithelial tissue? selective permeability sensations secretions physical protection storage and transport

selective permeability sensations secretions physical protection

Which is found in areas where stress is minimal and where filtration, absorption, or secretion is the primary function?

simple epithelium

The three types of muscle tissue are ______.

skeletal, smooth, and cardiac

The type of epithelium found in areas likely to be subjected to abrasive activities and mechanical stress is a _____ epithelium.

stratified or keratinized

Connective tissue is designed to __________, __________, and bind organs.

support or cushion protect, insulate, repair, or supports

The function of a _____ is to attach a muscle to a bone.

tendon or tendons

Dense regular connective tissue is found in ______.

tendons and ligaments

Different types of connective tissue have ______ amount of ground substance.

varying

Leukocytes are commonly called_____________blood cells.

white

Cells are branched and connected to one another by intercalated discs

z

A(n) ______ is formed when a sperm fertilizes an oocyte.

zygote