chapter 5 apes

A family of five recently replaced its 5-gallon-per-minute showerheads with water-saving 2-gallon-per-minute showerheads. Each member of the family averages 8 minutes in the shower per day, In a 30-day period, how many fewer gallons of water will the family use with the new showerheads?

3,600

Which of the following is an environmental problem associated with abandoned coal mines?

Acid drainage due to leaching of spoil heaps by rainwater

Which of the following is a direct economic advantage associated with aquaculture?

Aquaculture produces large amounts of seafood for human purchase and consumption year-round.

Which of the following is a greenhouse gas that is produced by domestic livestock?

CH4

It has been observed that forest fires can produce up to 40 percent of the mean annual global emissions of which of the following gases?

Carbon dioxide

Which of the following is a commercially used method for harvesting trees and is most likely to lead to a fragmented landscape with serious impacts on biodiversity?

Clear-cutting

Which of the following is an unintended environmental consequence of aquaculture?

Contamination of surrounding water by organic waste

Which of the following methods of agricultural irrigation results in the loss of the least amount of water by evaporation?

Drip irrigation

Which of the following changes to the local hydrologic cycle will result if large areas of land experience clear-cutting?

Evaporation of water from the soil will increase.

Which of the following statements about genetic diversity is true?

Genetic resistance to pests and diseases can be increased by crossing a crop plant with ancestral varieties.

Which of the following best illustrates a mitigation approach to climate change?

Increasing the proportion of commercial energy that is produced by wind farms

Which of the following best 1/1 describes an environmental advantage of urbanization?

Individuals living in cities usually have a lower transportation carbon footprint than individuals living in rural areas.

Switching from customary large-scale agricultural practices to which of the following is most likely to reduce the exposure of farmworkers and nearby residents to toxic chemicals

Integrated pest management

Which of the following is likely to minimize soil erosion?

No-till agriculture

Which of the following is most likely to increase both the nutrient levels and the bacterial content of lake water?

Runoff from a nearby hog farm

Which of the following describes a fundamental characteristic of the green revolution in food resources?

The development of new strains of crops with higher yields

Which of the following best explains why the maximum sustainable yield for ocean fisheries has been exceeded?

Too many fish of reproductive age are harvested.

Which of the following solutions would help decrease flood frequencies and flood sizes that are caused by urbanization?

Using new, more permeable materials for roads and sidewalks

Compared with people in developing countries, people in industrialized countries are more likely to eat

beef

One way that consumers can help prevent a decrease in the number of fish species that are experiencing population declines are to

eat fish that are caught using sustainable harvesting methods, therefore ensuring fish populations remain stable and reducing the amount bycatch harvested

Factors contributing to the rise in world hunger include all of the following EXCEPT

increasing consumption of vegetable protein in place of meat protein

When a rainforest is slashed 1/1 and burned, the local concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases. This is primarily due to

release of carbon compounds

Farmers need to make many decisions about how they grow their crops. One of these decisions is whether to use synthetic fertilizer or organic fertilizer, such as manure. An advantage of using synthetic fertilizer instead of organic fertilizer is that

synthetic fertilizer can provide more targeted macronutrients to the crops

It has recently been estimated that the growth in world population has slowed in the past decade. Despite this trend, environmentalists remain concerned about the environmental impact of The world population, principally because

the standard of living is increasing in many developing countries, leading to an increased per capita use of natural resources

A sustainable society would emphasize

using energy efficiently and reusing and recycling matter