Chapter 5 Cardiovascular system:Blood

Select all correct statements about the venae cavae. They are part of the pulmonary circuit. They return blood to the left atrium. They are the largest veins in the systemic circuit. The inferior vena cava collects blood from the lower body.

-They are the largest veins in the systemic circuit. -The inferior vena cava collects blood from the lower body.

What does an electrocardiogram record? -images of the various chambers of the heart during the cardiac cycle -changes in electrical activity in the brain during sleep -changes in blood pressure in the various chambers of the heart during the cardiac cycle -changes in electrical activity of the heart during the cardiac cycle

-changes in electrical activity of the heart during the cardiac cycle

Select the three main functions of the cardiovascular system as outlined in the text. -transport gases, nutrients, and wastes -protect the body against infection -collects excess interstitial fluid -regulate temperature, pH, and salt balance -mediates inspiration and expiration

-transport gases, nutrients, and wastes -protect the body against infection -regulate temperature, pH, and salt balance

The upper chambers of the heart, which receive blood from veins, are called-------.

atrium

The medical term for a stroke is hypertension. cerebrovascular accident (CVA). myocardial infarction (MI). angina pectoris.

cerebrovascular accident (CVA).

Arrange the layers that make up the wall of an artery from the outermost at the top to the innermost at the bottom. connective tissue endothelium smooth muscle and elastic tissue

connective tissue smooth muscle and elastic tissue endothelium

Select all of the following that are components of a typical vein. pericardium valves skelatal muscles connective tissue endothelium

endothelium valves connective tissue

The functions of the cardiovascular system include generation of blood pressure by the heart, transportation of blood, regulation of blood flow and -exchanges of nutrients, wastes, and gases at the capillaries. -recovery of excess tissue fluid -production of blood cells and blood proteins

exchanges of nutrients, wastes, and gases at the capillaries.

The functions of the cardiovascular system include generation of blood pressure by the heart, transportation of blood, regulation of blood flow and -recovery of excess tissue fluid -exchanges of nutrients, wastes, and gases at the capillaries. -production of blood cells and blood proteins

exchanges of nutrients, wastes, and gases at the capillaries.

True or False: Diastole refers to the contraction of the atria and ventricles

false it refers to the relaxation

The muscular organ located between the lungs directly behind the sternum is the ------,

heart

The two components of the cardiovascular system are the------, which pumps the blood, and the blood-------which carry the blood.

heart vessels

A myocardial infarction is commonly called a ------- ------.

heart attack

Long-term elevated blood pressure is correlated with an increase in which of the following health problems? Mark all that apply. -heart disease -muscular dystrophy -stroke -kidney disease

heart disease stroke kidney disease

The human heart is located between the lungs and is tilted with the apex angled to the left. right. front. back.

left

The medical term for a heart attack is hypertension. angina pectoris. cerebrovascular accident (CVA). myocardial infarction (MI).

myocardial infarction (MI).

Blood brings carbon dioxide to the lungs, where it also picks up-----needed by cells of the body.

oxygen

Blood pressure is most commonly measured in the brachial artery of the arm using a blood pressure cuff, also called a(n) echocardiogram. sphygmomanometer. electrocardiogram. tonometer.

sphygmomanometer

The human heart has how many chambers? 2 4 3 1

4

Through the walls of which of the following blood vessels does the exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes take place? Capillaries Arteries Veins

Capillaries

A patient enters the hospital complaining of chest pain. Which test will the doctor most likely perform to analyze the electrical activity of the heart? ECG MRI EEG CBC

ECG

True or false: At the arterial end of a capillary bed osmotic pressure is higher than blood pressure resulting in the net flow of fluid out of the capillary into the tissue. True False

FALSE

What is the function of the sinoatrial (SA) node? -It conducts an electrical impulse through the atrial walls. -It is the pacemaker of the heart. -It conducts an electrical impulse through the ventricular walls. -It conducts an electrical impulse from the atria into the ventricles.

It is the pacemaker of the heart.

Which of these is the natural pacemaker of the heart, which regulates the heartbeat? SA node AV node chordae tendineae Purkinje fibers

SA node

True or false: Veins have thinner walls than arteries do.

True Veins have thinner walls as they have less smooth muscle and connective tissue compared to arteries.

Capillary walls are made of -mostly elastic fibers. -loose connective tissue. -a single layer of epithelial cells attached to a basement membrane. -a thin layer of smooth muscle attached to a basement membrane.

a single layer of epithelial cells attached to a basement membrane.

If a small cranial arteriole bursts or is blocked by an embolus, this can lead to a(n) ______, which causes brain tissue to die.

aneurysm infarction stroke

Blood pressure is highest in which blood vessel? - inferior ven cava -any arteriole - aorta any capillary

aorta

The largest artery in the human systemic circuit is the pulmonary trunk. inferior vena cava. aorta. superior vena cava.

aorta

Arrange these blood vessels according to their blood pressure, with the highest pressure on the top

aorta arteriole capillary venule venae cavae

Blood pressure is most commonly measured by wrapping a blood pressure cuff, or sphygmomanometer, around which part of the body? arm ankle thigh wrist

arm

Strong-walled blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called ______. arterioles capillaries veins arteries

arteries

Select the three major types of blood vessels in the human body. lymphatics arteries veins pulmonary capillaries

arteries veins capillaries

The upper chambers of the heart that receive blood from systemic and pulmonary veins are called the atria. auricles. lumens. ventricles.

atria

Select all the components of the cardiovascular system. -blood vessels -kidney -spleen -lungs -heart

blood vessels heart

The three types of blood vessels in the human cardiovascular system are arteries, veins, and-----.

capillaries

Which body system is primarily affected by hypertension? digestive system neural system urinary system cardiovascular system

cardiovascular system

Select all functions of blood. carries nutrients to tissues controls reactions to stimuli brings oxygen to tissues removes waste products from tissues produces hormones

carries nutrients to tissues brings oxygen to tissues removes waste products from tissues

The resting or relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle is called systole. diastole.

diastole

When doctors are considering treating a person for hypertension, which blood pressure reading is more important? diastolic systolic

diastolic

The blood vessels involved with blood flow to and from the lungs make up the-------circuit.

pulmonary

The rhythmic expansion and recoil of an arterial wall can be felt as a------.

pulse/ heartbeat

The human pulse is usually felt at which two blood vessels that run close to the body's surface? radial artery aorta jugular vein carotid artery vena cava

radial artery carotid artery

After blood leaves the tricuspid valve, what structure will it encounter next? pulmonary artery left atrium aorta right ventricle

right ventricle

Blood leaving the heart to travel the pulmonary circuit leaves which chamber of the heart? left ventricle right ventricle right atrium left atrium

right ventricle

Blood circulating through the lower extremities is considered part of the ______ circuit. systemic pulmonary

systemic

The cardiac cycle has two phases. The working phase of the cycle, when the chambers contract, is known as-------.

systole

The part of the cardiac cycle during which the chambers of the heart contract is called diastole. systole.

systole

In the pulmonary circuit blood flows from the ---------pulmonary into the------atrium.

vein left

Blood vessels that return blood to the heart are called-----.

veins

The chambers located beneath the atria that are the stronger pumping chambers for the heart are called ventricles. cuspids. auricles. atrioventricular chambers.

ventricles

The human heart has four chambers; two atria and two-----.

ventricles

The thick-walled, lower chambers of the heart are called----.

ventricles