Chapter 5: Mastering Chem Homework

Nonspontaneous

A canoe going upstream against the current

Nonspontaneous

A chemical reaction that requires free energy to occur

Pistachio

A peanut and a pistachio are burned. The peanut raises the temperature of the water 5 degrees celcius, and the pistachio raises the temperature 3 degrees celcius. Which one contains fewer calories? Peanut Pistachio

Lowering the activiation energy

By definition, a catalyst speeds up a reaction by

Proteins

Carbohydrates and ____________ contain the same number of calories per gram

Cracker B

Cracker A raises the temperature of the calorimeter water 5 degrees celcius and cracker B raises the temperature 8 degree celcius. Which cracker contains more calories? Cracker B Cracker A

Reduction

D-Glucose reacts with hydrogen to form the sugar alcohol d-sorbitol

Activation energy

Enzymes increase the rate of a biological chemical by lowering the

Alkene; alkane

In a hydrogenation reaction, a catalyst is used to transform an ___________ to an _____________

Gained a hydrogen atom

In an organic redox reaction, the species reduced could be identified by the fact that it

Endothermic reaction

On a reaction diagram, the products are higher energy than the reactants

Exothermic reaction

On a reaction energy diagram, the products are lower in energy than the reactants

Reduction

Silver ions (Ag^+) are electroplated into silver atoms on flatware

High

Slow chemical reactions have __________ activation energies

Oxidation

The biomolecule FADH2 loses hydrogens becoming FAD

Exothermic reaction

The reaction of hexokinase produces energy

Hydrolysis

What is the name for the specific class of organic reactions that occur when water is consumed and the reacting molecule splits into two smaller molecules

Carbon dioxide and water

What two products are formed during the combustion of alkanes

Endothermic reaction

When two liquids are mixed in a beaker, the beaker feels cold

Exothermic reaction

When two solids are combined in a test tube, the test tube gets hot

Synthesis

Which class of chemical reaction results when small molecules combine to form a larger molecule

The shape of the container

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the rate of a reaction? Catalyst Amount of reactant The shape of the container Temperature

Increase

Would the following changes in condition increase or decrease the rate of chemical reactions in which they are involved? Adding the catalyst

Decrease

Would the following changes in condition increase or decrease the rate of chemical reactions in which they are involved? Decreasing the amount of one of the reactants

Increase

Would the following changes in condition increase or decrease the rate of chemical reactions in which they are involved? Increasing the amount of one of the reactants

Decrease

Would the following changes in condition increase or decrease the rate of chemical reactions in which they are involved? Placing picnic sandwiches in a cooler

Increase

Would the following changes in condition increase or decrease the rate of the chemical reactions in which they are involved? Increasing the speed that reactant molecules move

Increase

Would the following changes in condition increase or decrease the rate of the chemical reactions in which they are involved? Increasing the surface area available for collisions