Chapter 5 Org Behavior

Define Instrumental Values

Preferable modes of behavior or means of achieving ones terminal values

Define heredity

factors determined at conception; ones biological, psychological, and inherent psychological makeup

Define Personality

the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others

Define Dark Triad

A constellation of negative personality traits consisting of machiavellanism, narcissism, and psychopathy

Define Collectivism

A national culture attribute that describes a tight social framework in which people expect others in groups of which they are a part to look after them and protect them

Define Individualism

A national culture attribute that describes the degree to which people prefer to act as individuals rather than as members of groups

Define Power Distance

A national culture attribute that describes the extent to which a society accepts that power in institutions and organizations is distributed unequally

Define uncertainty Avoidance

A national culture attribute that describes the extent to which society feels threatened by uncertain and ambiguous situations and tries to avoid them.

Define Masculinity

A national culture attribute that describes the extent to which the culture favors traditional maculine work roles of achievement, power, and control. Societal values are characterized by assertiveness and materialism

Define long term orientation

A national culture attribute that emphasizes the future, thrift, and persistence

Define Short term Orientation

A national culture attribute that emphasizes the past and present, respect for tradition, and fulfillment of social obligations.

Define Femininity

A national culture attribute that indicated little differentiation between male and female roles; a high rating indicates that women are treated as the equals of men in all aspects of the society

Define Big Five Model

A personality assessment model that taps five basic dimensions

Extraversion

A personality dimension describing someone who is sociable, gregarious, and assertive

Define Emotional Stability

A personality dimension that characterized someone as calm, self-confident, secure (positive) versus nervous, depressed, and insecure (negative)

Define Openness to experience

A personality dimension that characterizes someone in terms of imagination, sensitivity, and curiosity

Define Agreeableness

A personality dimension that describes someone who is good natured, cooperative, and trusting.

Define Conscientiousness

A personality dimension that describes someone who is responsible, dependable, persistent, and organized.

Define Myers Briggs Type Indicator

A personality test that taps four characteristics and classifies people into 1 to 16 personality types.

Define self monitoring

A personality trait that measures an individuals ability to adjust his or her behavior to external, situational factors.

Situation strength theory

A theory indicating that the way personality translates into behavior depends on the strength of the situation

Trait Activation Theory

A theory that predicts that some situations, events, or interventions "activate" a trait more than others.

Define Core Self Evaluation

Bottom-line conclusions individuals have about their capabilities competence, and worth as a person

define personality traits

Enduring characteristics that describe an individuals behavior

Define Proactive Personality

People who identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs

Define terminal values

desirable end-states of existence; the goals a person would like to achieve during his or her lifetime

Define Machiavellianism

The degree to which an individual is pragmatic, maintains emotional distance, and believes that ends can justify means.

Define Approach Avoidance Framework

The framework by which individuals react to stimuli, whereby approach motivation is attraction to positive stumble and avoidance motivation is our aversion to negative stimuli.

Define Psychopathy

The tendency for a lack of concern for others and a lack of guilt or remorse when their actions cause harm

Define Narcissism

The tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose sense of self-importance, require excessive admiration, and have a sense of entitlement.

Most common way to measure personality

self-report surveys