Chapter 6: Audience

Attitude

A frame of mind in favor of or opposed to a person, policy, belief, etc

Open-ended questions

Allows respondents to answer however they want

Demographic audience analysis

Audience analysis that focuses on demographic factors age gender religion orientation

Situational audience analysis

Audience analysis that focuses on situational factors Size of audience Physical setting of speech Disposition of audience towards topic -> Interest -> Knowledge -> Attitude

What methods can you use to adapt your speech to your audience before the speech? During the speech?

Before: Pregame how they will re-act to your info and adjusting what you say to make it as clear, appropriate, and convincing as possible. During: Adapting to your surrounding is key.

Stereotyping

Creating an oversimplified image of a particular group of people, assuming all members are alike

What are 3 kinds of questions used in questionnaires? Why is it a good idea to use all three in audience analysis?

Fixed-alternative, scale, and open-ended questions/ To limit the disadvantages and to increase the advantages.

Audience-Centeredness

Keeping the audience foremost in mind at every step of speech preparation and presentation 1. To whom am I speaking? 2. What do I want them to know, believe , or do as a result of my speech? 3. What is the most effective way

Fixed-Alternative Questions

Questions for Audience info that offer a fixed choice between two or more alternatives

Scaled Questions

Questions thats require responses at fixed intervals along a scale of answers

Egocentrism

The tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own values, beliefs, and well-being

Why must a public speaker be audience-centered?

to figure out common bonds and to make sure you don't say something out of ignorance.