Chapter 6 Environmental Science Study Guide

Animals of the Taiga have adaptations such as the ability to: A. Change color to avoid predators. B. Find Watering Holes in the Dry Season. C. Give birth during the rainy season Only. D. Prevent summertime water loss with their thick, scaly skin.

A. Change color to avoid predators.

Approximately what percentage of the Earth's species do tropical rain forests contain? A. 7 Percent B. 20 Percent C. 40 Percent D. 50 Percent

B. 20 Percent

Grasslands, such as the prairies of North America, A. are suitable for corn and wheat, but not suitable for soybeans. B. Are threatened by soil erosion because native grasses have been damaged or destroyed by plowing and overgrazing. C. Support almost no animal life now that the millions of bison that once roamed there are gone. D. Support a rich layer of dense grasses because they receive at least 250 cm (100 in.) of rain per year.

B. Are threatened by soil erosion because native grasses have been damaged or destroyed by plowing and overgrazing.

Factors that influence where plants grow include: A. Longtime B. Climate C. Biome Maps D. Both (a) and (b)

B. Climate

Biomes that are located between 30 Degrees North Latitude and 30 Degrees South Latitude: A. Tropical Rain Forests B. Grasslands C. Tundra D. Taiga

B. Grasslands

Animals Species of the Tropical Rain Forest: A. Compete more for available resources than species native to other biomes do. B. Have adaptions that minimize competition. C. Have adaptations to cope with extreme variations in climate. D. Are never camouflaged.

B. Have adaptions that minimize competition.

The distance north or south of the equator, as measured in degrees, is called: A. Altitude B. Latitude C. Longitude D. Magnitude

B. Latitude

You are walking through a forest that receives relatively little rainfall and has acidic soil. This forest is located in a region: A. Near the Equator B. Near the Arctic Circle C. Dominated by Maple Trees. D. With abundant under growth.

B. Near the Arctic Circle

A Temperate Deciduous Forest would likely contain: A. Plants that require abundant rainfall and moderate temperatures. B. Plants with adaptations, such as Rhizomes, to survive harsh winters. C. Plants with thick, fleshy, waxy stems to prevent water loss. D. Dwarf Woody Plants growing near the ground to absorb the soil's heat.

B. Plants with adaptations, such as Rhizomes, to survive harsh winters.

Lies beneath the topsoil of the tundra:

Permafrost

Temperate Grasslands:

Prairies, Steppes, and Pampas.

Giraffes and Rhinos:

Savanna

Home to herbivores, such as Giraffes and Elephants:

Savanna

Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Wet Summers, Dry Winters:

Savanna

Grasslands of West Africa:

Savannas

Plant with thick, fleshy stems:

Succulent

Has animals that migrate, burrow, or grow white fur to survive the winters:

Taiga

Located just below the Arctic Circle:

Taiga

The broad band of coniferous forest located just below the Arctic Circle:

Taiga

Has rich, deep soil:

Temperate Deciduous Forest

Moderate rainfall, frequent fire events:

Temperate Grassland

Most Fertile Soil:

Temperate Grassland

Douglas fir and redwood trees:

Temperate Rain Forest

Forests found along the northwest coast of North America:

Temperate Rain Forests

100 Acres lost each minute:

Tropical Rain Forest

Has most nutrients in the plants, not the soil:

Tropical Rain Forest

Wettest Biome:

Tropical Rain Forest

Which of the following biomes receives 200 to 450 cm of rain per year?

Tropical Rain Forest

Characterized by dry conditions, short summers, and thin soil:

Tundra

Coldest Biome:

Tundra

Dry, treeless lands north of the Arctic Circle:

Tundra

Easily Disrupted and slow to recover from Disturbances:

Tundra

Permafrost Soil Layer:

Tundra

Includes trees and shrubs adapted to shade:

Understory

Which of the following statements is not correct? A. Grasslands have rich soil that support abundant plant life. B. The tundra is a fragile biome because conditions are severe, and the ecosystem is easily disrupted. C. Chaparral fires are beneficial because they destroy trees that compete for light and space. D. Tropical rain forests are resistant to change because so many nutrients are within the plants.

A. Grasslands have rich soil that support abundant plant life.

The tundra: A. Has a layer of soil that is permanently frozen beneath the topsoil. B. Is too cold to support insect life C. Is resistant to environmental damage because it is usually frozen. D. All of the Above

A. Has a layer of soil that is permanently frozen beneath the topsoil.

If you visited a savanna, you would be likely to see: A. Large herds of grazing animals such a rhinos, zebras, and gazelles. B. A Dense Forest C. Snow and Ice D. A Coastal Ecosystem

A. Large herds of grazing animals such a rhinos, zebras, and gazelles.

In a Tropical Rain Forest, You would expect to find: A. Lush, Tall Plants that require a lot of water. B. Short Plants that require little water. C. Small Trees, Shrubs, and Grasses D. Cacti and Shrubs that require little to no water.

A. Lush, Tall Plants that require a lot of water.

Which of the following describes the climate of the chaparral? A. Mediterranean Climate; hot, dry summers; mild, wet winters. B. Desert-like climate; hot, dry summers; cool, dry winters. C. Extremely wet climate; cold, wet winters, cool, rainy summers. D. Relatively dry climate; mild, dry summers; cold, dry winters.

A. Mediterranean Climate; hot, dry summers; mild, wet winters.

You are walking through a forest with the greatest species diversity. This forest is located in a region: A. Near the Equator B. Near the Arctic Circle. C. With wide temperature ranges D. in the Pacific Northwest

A. Near the Equator

As you move from the equator toward the North Pole, you would be likely to see: A. Rain forests, then deserts, then taiga B. Tundra, then deserts, then grasslands C. Grasslands, then tundra, then rain forests. D. temperate deciduous forests, then taiga, then rain forests.

A. Rain forests, then deserts, then taiga

Biomes with higher temperatures and less precipitation tend to have: A. Shorter and less dense vegetation. B. Taller and denser vegetation C. Taller and less dense vegetation D. Shorter and denser vegetation

A. Shorter and less dense vegetation.

Which of the following receives about 25 cm of rain per year? A. Temperate Grassland B. Savana C. Chaparral D. Desert

A. Temperate Grassland

Thin soil, high humidity, and high rainfall represent a: A. Tropical Rain forests B. Temperate Rain Forests C. Desert D. Grassland

A. Tropical Rain forests

Height of an object above sea level:

Altitude

Taiga:

Arctic

Which of the following best describes a tropical rain forest? A. Dense, thick soil that supports a dense layer of plants on the forest floor. B. Species of animals with specialized ways of surviving in order to avoid competition. C. Very few species of trees, due to poor soil quality. D. Plants and animals that are very similar due to year-round warmth and moisture.

B. Species of animals with specialized ways of surviving in order to avoid competition.

Birds that migrate during winter, coniferous plants, and cold temperatures represent: A. the South Pole B. Taiga C. A Temperate Rain Forests D. A Chapparal

B. Taiga

Hot summers and cold winters, low to moderate rainfall, few trees, and rich, fertile soil represent a: A. Tundra B. Temperate Grassland C. Temperate Deciduous Forest D. Desert

B. Temperate Grassland

Which of the following biomes contains large trees? A. Savanna B. Temperate Rain Forest C. Chaparral D. Desert

B. Temperate Rain Forest

The two main factors that determine where organisms live are: A. Soil type and precipitation B. Temperature and precipitation C. Altitude and precipitation D. Temperature and latitude

B. Temperature and precipitation

Which of the following is true of Tropical Rain Forests? A. The soil is rich and supports a wide variety of plant and animal life. B. They help regulate world climate and play vital roles in the nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon cycles. C. Temperatures vary widely between wet and dry seasons. D. The diversity in a tropical rain forests is exceeded only by that of the grasslands.

B. They help regulate world climate and play vital roles in the nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon cycles.

Animals that live in the desert: A. hibernate in winter B. are usually nocturnal. C. usually have thin skin to absorb water. D. Include camels, moose, and various reptiles

B. are usually nocturnal.

Area with a distinctive climate and organisms:

Biome

Regions that have distinctive climate and organisms:

Biomes

Emergent Layer:

Bright Light

Which characteristics describe grassland biomes? A. High Species Diversity, few trees, alternating rainy and dry seasons. B. Susceptibility to Fires, Low to Moderate Rainfall, Few to no Trees. C. Abundant rainfall year-round, extremely fertile soil, grazing animals. D. Mild Mediterranean Climate, High species diversity, and few trees.

C. Abundant rainfall year-round, extremely fertile soil, grazing animals.

As you walk through the forest on a chilly day, you can hear the fallen leaves crunch underfoot. This forest is located: A. Near the Equator B. Where annual rainfall is 200 cm. C. At about 40 Degrees North Latitude D. In an Area with very thin soil.

C. At about 40 Degrees North Latitude

Spadefoot toads survive the dry conditions of the desert by: A. Migrating to season watering holes. B. Finding underground springs. C. Burying themselves in the ground. D. Drinking Cactus Juice.

C. Burying themselves in the ground.

The most common types of plants in the Taiga biome are: A. Deciduous trees B. Short Shrubs C. Coniferous Trees D. Grasses

C. Coniferous Trees

The top layer in a tropical rain forest is the: A. Canopy B. Understory C. Emergent Layer D. Tree Line

C. Emergent Layer

Deserts are: A. covered with sand and contain no plant life. B. found only in North America. C. Often formed on the dry side of mountain ranges. D. Never located in cooler climates.

C. Often formed on the dry side of mountain ranges.

Migrate of animals in the Savana is mostly a response to: A. Predation B. Altitude C. Rainfall D. Temperature

C. Rainfall

Extreme temperatures, abundant precipitation, rich, deep soils, and a growing season of four to six months represent a : A. Tropical Rain Forest B. Taiga C. Temperate Deciduous Forest D. Savanna

C. Temperate Deciduous Forest

Animals such as pronghorn antelope, bison, and badgers dot the landscape. Where are these animals located? A. Near the Equator B. The Arctic C. The North American Prairie D. Africa

C. The North American Prairie

The biome with the highest species diversity is the: A. Taiga B. Tundra C. Tropical Rain Forest D. Savanna

C. Tropical Rain Forest

A biome that has a large amount of rainfall, high temperatures, and poor soil is a : A. Temperature Woodland B. Temperate Rain Forest C. Tropical Rain Forest. D. Savanna

C. Tropical Rain Forest.

Which of the following statements is true? A. Mosses and Lichens of the tundra usually grow closer to the equator. B. Temperate forests and grasslands usually have poor soil. C. Tropical rain forests are located near the equator where it is warm and wet. D. Grasslands north of 40 degrees latitude grow most of the world's food.

C. Tropical rain forests are located near the equator where it is warm and wet.

Permafrost can be found in which of the following? A. Tallgrass Prarie B. Savana C. Tundra D. Chaparral

C. Tundra

The amount of light available to each layer of a tropical rain forest from least to most light is: A. Lower Canopy, Upper Canopy, Emergent Layer, Under Story. B. Upper Canopy, Emergent Layer, Under Story, Lower Canopy C. Under Story, Lower Canopy, Upper Canopy, Emergent Layer D. Emergent Layer, Upper Canopy, Lower Canopy, Under Story.

C. Under Story, Lower Canopy, Upper Canopy, Emergent Layer

Layer of rain-forest trees that absorbs most of the sunlight:

Canopy

Located primarily in Coastal Areas:

Chaparral

Mediterranean Climate:

Chaparral

Scrub Oak, Olive Trees, and Sage:

Chaparral

Determines the plants that live in an area:

Climate

Adaption for taiga survival:

Conical Shape

Where would you expect to find burrowing animals? A. Desert B. Tundra C. Temperate Grasslands D. All of the Above

D. All of the Above

Which of the following biomes has been affected by human activity? A. Tundra B. Chaparral C. Temperate Grasslands D. All of the Above

D. All of the Above

The main factor that determines what type of plants grow in a biome is: A. Temperature B. Precipitation C. Altitude D. Both (a) and (b)

D. Both (a) and (b)

The tundra is suitable to a vertebrate that: A. Requires nesting sites in tall trees. B. Is Ectothermic C. Has a green outer skin for camouflage. D. Can Migrate hundreds of kilometers each summer.

D. Can Migrate hundreds of kilometers each summer.

Which of the following is located primarily in coastal areas with Mediterranean Climates? A. Tallgrass Prairie B. Savana C. Tundra D. Chaparral

D. Chaparral

Which of the following best describes the relationship among latitude, altitude, and climate? A. Climate becomes colder as you get closer to sea level. B. Climate becomes warmer as you move up a mountain. C. Climate becomes warmer as you move toward the poles. D. Climate becomes colder as you move up a mountain.

D. Climate becomes colder as you move up a mountain. `

Just before you reach the top of a mountain where there is year-round ice and snow, you would expect to see: A. Cacti B. Deciduous Trees C. Mahogany Trees D. Herbs, Lichens, and Mosses

D. Herbs, Lichens, and Mosses

Adaptions of desert animals that help them survive in the hot, dry desert often include: A. Searching for water at Midday B. Thin skin that readily absorbs water. C. Large, bulky size to retain body heat on cold nights. D. Searching for food at night.

D. Searching for food at night.

You are walking through a forest that gets large amounts of rain, has high humidity, and has moderate temperatures year-round. Where is this forest located? A. Somewhere near the Equator. B. Somewhere near the Arctic Circle. C. In a forest with the greatest species diversity. D. The Pacific Northwest

D. The Pacific Northwest

Which of the following best describes the relationship between climate and latitude? A. A latitude of 0 Degrees has a climate of extreme temperature ranges. B. The lower the latitude, the warmer the climate. C. There is no relationship between latitude and climate. D. The greater the latitude, the colder the climate.

D. The greater the latitude, the colder the climate.

Understory:

Dense Shade

Driest Biome:

Desert

Less than 25 cm of rainfall per year:

Desert

Less than 25 cm rain per year:

Desert

Adaption for desert survival:

Estivation

Sleeping through the dry season:

Estivation

Canopy:

Filtered Light

Located between 30 Degrees and 60 Degrees Latitude:

Grasslands

The Distance north or south of the equator, measured in degrees:

Latitude

Tropical Rain Forest:

Near the Equator