Chapter 6 Practice Questions

tertiary

After an investigation by family services determines that Birdie has been neglected by her mother, she is removed from the home and placed with an aunt. This is an example of _____ prevention of child maltreatment.

falls; being struck by an object or person

Among children under 14, the two most common causes of injury are:

self-concept

An understanding of one's self is called:

tertiary

At a day-care center, a little boy has gotten through the safety latch under the kitchen sink and put his mouth onto a bottle of cleaning solution. The day-care director immediately calls poison control and takes all of the steps they provide. This is an example of _____ prevention.

relational

"Mean girls" hurt their adolescent classmates through a chilly, toxic blend of gossip and exclusion. "Mean girls" practice mainly _____ aggression.

immodest

2 to 6 year olds have _____ self-concepts.

primary

A lawmaker drafts a bill proposing temporary income supplements for at-risk families experiencing financial instability. This is an example of _____ prevention of child maltreatment.

secondary

A needle-exchange program focused on a neighborhood with a high number of intravenous drug users is an example of _____ prevention.

empathy

A parent might ask a child, "How would you feel if someone did that to you?" in order to encourage:

expectations for maturity

Billy and Tish do not believe that it is right to expect their children to exhibit self-control or to take responsibility for most of their behaviors. This aspect of Billy and Tish's parenting would fall into which of Diana Baumrind's dimensions of parenting?

parallel

Cara and Deanna are sitting side-by-side, playing with dolls. Each girl is talking to herself. Cara and Deanna are engaged in _____ play.

parents

Children are MOST likely to model their sex roles after their:

last

Cooperative play appears _____ in the order of Mildred Parten's progression of social play.

secondary

Each time they get into the car, Kristen puts her baby into an approved child safety seat. This is an example of _____ prevention.

intrinsic

Fourteen-year-old Juliana enjoys playing the piano and never needs prompting from her parents to practice. She writes music and plays the piano several times a day. She tells her parents that she plays because she enjoys creating music. Juliana plays the piano because of _____ motivation.

sociodramatic

Gina and Tim frequently engage in games of make-believe, often pretending they are the mommy and daddy, animals, or heroes. This _____ play helps Gina and Tim to develop a self-concept in a nonthreatening context.

4 years old

Helena prefers pink toys and clothes over other colors. She also plays with dolls instead of trucks. She tells her mother that only boys can play with trucks. Helena is about what age?

secondary

Home visits by a social worker are an example of _____ prevention of child maltreatment.

how to correctly label males and females

In terms of sex and gender differences, 2-year-old Aaron would MOST likely know:

low

In the United States, MOST foster children are from _____ income families.

permissive

Jeannie has low expectations for maturity from her children and rarely disciplines them, but she loves them and listens well to them. She would be characterized by Diana Baumrind as having a(n) _____ parenting style.

solitary

Jeremy is playing with building blocks. He is alone and talking quietly to himself. He seems unaware of the other children in the room. Jeremy is engaged in _____ play.

effortful control

Karl is 6 years old. He now has the ability to regulate his emotions and actions through effort, not simply through natural inclination. This is called _____.

evolutionary

Kindergarteners play "boys chase the girls" on the playground. The teacher has observed that, over the course of the year, the girls have begun to act more "girly" and almost flirtatious with the boys, and the boys have gradually acted more "macho" as they play this game. This apparent natural desire for the children to be desirable to each other and the subsequent development of sex roles would be BEST explained by _____ theory.

reactive

Leo punches Alan after Alan accidentally tripped Leo on the playground. Leo's aggression would be described as:

communication

Lexie and Michael listen very patiently to their children. They consistently try to talk out problems as they occur and understand their children's point of view. This aspect of Lexie and Michael's parenting would fall into which of Diana Baumrind's dimensions of parenting?

more likely to become bullies and delinquents

Longitudinal research has found that children who were physically punished are:

initiative

Nadia is 5 years old, and she likes to help her mother in the kitchen at dinnertime. However, her mother is often impatient at the end of the day, scolding Nadia when she tries to help. Her mother finds she can get things done more quickly if Nadia stays out of the way. Based on Erik Erikson's theory, Nadia may fail to develop:

primary

Outside the school that Nalah's children attend there are speed bumps in the road, a sign that states the 15-mph speed limit, and another sign that states the fine for speeding. This is an example of _____ prevention.

initiative

Reese is 4 years old. Over the last few years, she has been excitedly learning new skills and trying new things. Reese feels confident in her ability to do almost anything and has been fairly successful in learning these skills. She can tie her shoes, knows all her colors and the alphabet, and loves playing tag with her siblings. Erik Erikson would MOST likely say that Reese is developing:

extrinsic

Roland is a sales associate in a jewelry store. He tries to sell as many expensive pieces as he can because of the commission he earns. In this example, Roland is demonstrating _____ motivation.

emotional regulation

Shawn is 5 years old. When he is angry, he can express this appropriately without becoming explosive. When he is sad, he can express this and can be consoled. Shawn seems to have mastered:

father

Tommy is 4 years old. He is MOST likely to model his sex roles after his:

tendency toward initiative

Tommy is 5 years old, and he likes to help his father rake the leaves in the yard. Although Tommy's father is often tired at the end of the day, he never fails to reinforce Tommy's efforts with a "Good job!" Based on Erikson's theory, Tommy is likely to develop a:

reported maltreatment

Two-year-old Derek's neighbors notice that the boy is often dirty, wearing improper clothing for the weather, and left unattended on the family's porch. They call family services to report that they suspect the boy is being abused or neglected. At this point, before an investigation has taken place, Derek's condition is known as:

permissive

Walter's parents strongly believe that Walter should make his own decisions, so they set very few rules about homework, bedtime, and household chores. Because they believe that freedom is important, they patiently tolerate all of Walter's behavior, even if it is childish or immature. With respect to the caregiving styles discussed in the textbook, Walter's parents are:

self-concept

When 6-year-old Juanita is asked by her teacher to tell the class something about herself; Juanita says that "I am good at soccer and I am a good helper at home." Juanita is describing her:

secondary

When walking with his children, Mark always holds their hands and crosses with the light in a clearly marked crosswalk. This is an example of _____ prevention.

relational

Which type of aggression is characterized by insults or social rejection aimed at harming the victim's social connections?

permissive; neglectful

_____ parents are very involved in their children's lives but set few limits, while _____ parents are strikingly unaware of what their children are doing.