Chapter 6: Practice terms Med Term

Read this excerpt from the patient's discharge summary: Bobby Brady is a 12 y/o boy admitted directly to the pediatric floor for chronic progressive hypotonia. Bobby has had increasing difficulty running, jumping, and climbing stairs. His parents have noticed that Bobby walks with a waddling gait. Bobby denies any history of myalgia, or arthrodynia. According to this information, which of the following describes Bobby's medical issue? A) Decrease in muscle tone B) Joint pain C) Muscle pain

Answer: A Bobby has chronic hypotonia (decrease in muscle tone), which is worsening. Bobby denies any history of myalgia (muscle pain) or arthrodynia (joint pain).

Read this excerpt from a patient's physical exam: CC: right knee pain Physical Exam: Vitals: RR: 16; HR: 70; Temp: 98.6; BP: 110/60 Gen: A&O Musculoskeletal: Decreased passive flexion ROM in right knee, mild edema right anteromedial knee. Mild muscular atrophy of right quadriceps muscle compared to left. X-ray: Rt knee osteophyte formation, joint space narrowing. Currently, this patient is NOT experiencing: A) decreased range of motion in the right knee B) pain in his left knee C) mild decrease

Answer: B The patient is not experiencing pain in the left knee; his chief complaint is pain is in his right knee.

Which of the following does NOT describe a type of bone pain? A) Osteopenia B) Ostalgia C) Osteodynia D) Tibialgia E) Costalgia

A) Osteopenia is a condition of low bone mineral density

Read the excerpt from the discharge note below: Patient Name: Jessica Jones Dx: 1. Hypotonia 2. Lordosis 3. Scoliosis What is NOT included in Jessica's discharge diagnosis? A) Abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine B) Abnormal forward curvature of the upper spine C) Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine D) Decrease in muscle tone

Answer: B) Based on the provided diagnosis, Jessica does not have an abnormal curvature of the upper spine (kyphosis).

Which of the following are abbreviations pertaining to vertebral sections of the spine? A) C1-C7 B) L1-L5 C) X1-X8 D) S1-S5 E) T1-T12

Answers A, B, D, E are correct. X1-X8 are not part of the spine.

Create a medical term that means rib pain.

Cost/o is the root for rib You could use several suffixes for pain, but typically the joining suffix would be -algia when referring to rib pain. The term is costalgia.

Breakdown and translate the medical term hydrarthrosis? This term has 2 roots.

Hydrarthrosis breaks into hydr/o (water) + arthr/o (joint) + -osis (condition) = water (actually it's more like fluid) in a joint.

Mary had to have an ACL repair. What does this mean?

Mary had her anterior cruciate ligament repaired. This is an important ligament in the knee that helps prevent shifting of the tibia under the femur.

Break down and translate the medical term osteoporosis

Osteoporosis breaks into osteo (bone) + por (pore) + osis (condition) = bone pore condition (loss of bone mineral density).

Break down and translate the medical term osteosclerosis.

Osteosclerosis breaks into osteo (bone) + scler (hardening) + osis (condition) = abnormal hardening of bone.

Sally has been told that she has scapular dyskinesia. What does this mean?

Scapul/ar means pertaining to the scapula or shoulder blade. dys- is the prefix for bad kines/o is the root for movement or motion -ia is the suffix for condition. Literally translated, Sally is experiencing "bad" motion of the scapula. Basically, her shoulder blade sticks out, almost like a wing. Many call it winging of the shoulder blade.

The abnormal narrowing of the spine is called _____________________

Spinal stenosis

Translate the term spondylitis as literally as possible.

Spondylitis breaks into spondyl/o (vertebra) + -itis (inflammation) = vertebra inflammation.

Breakdown and translate the very intimidating medical term, spondyloarthropathy? This term has 2 roots.

Spondyloarthropathy breaks into spondyl/o (vertebra) + arthr/o (joint) + pathy (disease) = disease of the vertebral joints.

Break down the medical term spondylolysis into its component parts.

Spondylolysis breaks into spondylo (vertebra) + lysis (loss) = vertebra loss (loss of vertebra structure).

Break down the very intimidating term metacarpectomy into its component word parts.

The prefix is meta, meaning beyond. The root is carp/o, meaning "wrist." The suffix is ectomy, meaning a surgical procedure where something is removed. Metacarpal bones are located distal to carpal bones.

Build a medical term that means "inflammation of the carpals."

The root for carpals is carp/o. The suffix for inflammation is -itis. Put together, the term for carpal (or wrist) inflammation is carpitis. Of note, the wrist is comprised of 8 carpal bones and the distal radius and ulna.

What are the roots in the term ankylosing spondylitis? There are two.

The roots are ankylo (stiff, bent) AND spondylo (vertebra).

Would the skull/cranium be considered part of the axial or appendicular skeleton?

The skull is considered to be part of our core skeletal structure, therefore, it is part of the axial skeleton

True or false, the sacrum is medial to the ilium.

This is true! The sacrum is closer to the midline of the body as compared to the ilium

What does the root ankyl/o refer to?

ankyl/o is the root for stiff or bent

Identify and define the roots in the term ankylosing spondylitis?

ankyl/o refers to stiff or bent spondyl/o refers to the spine or vertebra Ankylosing Spondylitis refers to a condition of inflammation and stiffness of the spine. This is a chronic condition where the vertebrae actually begin to fuse together.

Form the medical term for a condition of stiffness? (use -osis)

ankylosis refers to a condition of stiffness.

If someone mentioned that your axillary area is sweating, what area of the body would they be talking about?

axillary means pertaining to the armpit

Which of the following is the root meaning straight?a. oste/ob. orth/oc. ox/od. arthr/o

b. orth/o

Which of the following would be the medical term for condition of pores in bone?a. osteogenesisb. osteoporosisc. arthralgiad. arthritis

b. osteoporosis

What root describes the small fluid-filled sac found near the body's joints?

burs/o

Create a medical term that means pertaining to the low back.

lumb/o is the root for low back; -ar is the suffix meaning pertaining to lumbar means pertaining to the low back.

You are consulting with a new patient that has tibial stress syndrome. What area of the body is affected?

The patient is having issues in the shin area. Generally speaking, tibial stress syndrome refers to shin splints.

Translate the medical term tibialgia as literally as possible.

tibia pain

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term cervicodynia?

Cervicodynia breaks into cervic/o (neck) + dynia (pain) = neck pain

Charlie's MRI showed severe L4 - L5 stenosis. What does this mean?

Charlie had a scan of his low back. The image showed that there is narrowing of the spinal canal in the lumbar (low back) region L4 - L5.

T/F The spine is the longest bone in the body.

False, the spine is made of several bones (vertebrae) linked together. If the spine were only one bone, we would not have the ability to flex or rotate the spine. To put it another way, the multiple joints of the spine enable torso movement. The femur tends to be the longest bone in humans.

What is the medical term used to describe "bow-legged"?

Genu varum

Break down the medical term hemarthrosis into its component word parts.

Hemarthrosis breaks down into hem (blood) + arthr (joint) + osis (abnormal condition) = condition of blood in a joint.

What would the surgical procedure sternotomy involve?

Incision into the sternum

Translate the root lumb/o.

Lumb/o refers to "loin". Commonly it is a reference to the lower back

Would the humerus be considered part of the axial or appendicular skeleton?

The humerus is the upper arm bone and is considered an appendage to our main structure. Thus the humerus is part of the appendicular skeleton.

A patient has a calcaneal spur. What area of the body is affected?

The patient has a heel spur (more commonly referred to as a bone spur on the heel).

A colleague has referred a patient to you with a patellofemoral pain. What does this mean?

The patient has pain around the knee cap

True or false, the carpal bones are distal to the tarsal bones.

Whoopsie, this is false. The carpals are in the wrist, while the tarsals are in the foot. Carpal bones are proximal to the tarsals.

Which of the following would be a root meaning fibula?a. fibul/ob. perone/oc. tibi/od. femor/o

a and b are correct. Both fibul/o and perone/o refer to the fibula.

Build a medical term that means rib pain?

costalgia

What does the root tars/o refer to?

tars/o is the root referring to tarsus, hindfoot, or ankle. FYI, There are 7 tarsal bones in the human foot, including: the calcaneus, the navicular, cuboid, and three cuneiform bones (middle or intermediate, medial, and lateral)

Break down and translate the term arthritis

the root arthr/o means joint; the suffix -itis means inflammation arthritis is the term for inflammation of the joints