chapter 6

Cool, dense air causes low pressure at the surface, whereas warm, less dense air causes high pressure. True False

False

The maximum Coriolis effect occurs at the equator due to slower rotational velocity compared to higher latitudes. True False

False

The place traced by Earth's orbit is called the vernal equinox. True False

False

Within the troposphere, the atmosphere gets warmer with increasing altitude. True False

False

The polar front is labeled number: 1. 2. 3. 5. 6.

1.

The temperate regions are characterized by: tropical cyclones. high pressure. westerly winds. easterly winds. trade winds.

westerly winds

Earth's axis of rotation is tilted at an angle of _______ to the plane of the ecliptic: 90°. 0°. 180°. 23.5°. none of the above is correct.

23.5

The area of the globe (latitude) that is characterized by falling air masses and little precipitation is labeled number: 1. 2. 3. 5. 6.

6

A. doldrums B. northeast trade winds C. polar easterlies D. southeast trade winds E. westerlies

A doldrums

Of the following statements about the tilt of Earth's axis, which one is true? Select only one answer. An increase in Earth's tilt would cause warmer winters and colder summers. A decrease in Earth's tilt would cause colder winters and colder summers. A decrease in Earth's tilt would cause colder winters and warmer summers. An increase in Earth's tilt would cause colder winters and colder summers. A decrease in Earth's tilt would cause warmer winters and warmer summers. An increase in Earth's tilt would cause colder winters and warmer summers.

An increase in Earth's tilt would cause colder winters and warmer summers.

A. maximum sustained winds B. minimum central pressure C. sea surface salinity D. storm surge E. storm diameter

C sea surface salinity

A. ecliptic B. vernal equinox C. autumnal equinox D. westerlies E. summer solstice

D westerlies

Select all that apply. Surface temperatures would increase, causing a decrease in surface water and/or ice on Earth, and would thus cause a further increase in albedo. Ice sheets would advance, thereby increasing Earth's overall albedo and further cooling Earth's surface. A higher albedo means more of the Sun's radiation is absorbed by Earth's surface. Higher albedo would result in cooler temperatures on Earth.

Ice sheets would advance, thereby increasing Earth's overall albedo and further cooling Earth's surface. Higher albedo would result in cooler temperatures on Earth.

Now consider how atmospheric absorption would be different if the electromagnetic spectrum absorption capability were flipped in such a way that the areas of the chart that are now transparent were made opaque and the areas of the chart that are now opaque were made transparent. Indicate which of the following statements would be true for this scenario. Select all that apply. Increased exposure to UV radiation. Humans would be subject to more x-ray radiation from space because our atmosphere would not block it. Radio transmissions would be an effective way of conveying information. We would still be able to see the same way we do now.

Increased exposure to UV radiation. Humans would be subject to more x-ray radiation from space because our atmosphere would not block it.

Of the following statements about the transfer of heat on Earth, which is/are true? The same side of Earth always remains in the Sun and keeps getting hotter while the other, nighttime, side keeps getting cooler. Ocean currents move warm water from the tropics to higher latitudes. Earth's albedo reflects back into space all of the sunlight hitting Earth. Air currents move warmer air from the tropics to higher latitudes. Water vapor in the air carries latent heat with it, which is released in other areas.

Ocean currents move warm water from the tropics to higher latitudes. Air currents move warmer air from the tropics to higher latitudes. Water vapor in the air carries latent heat with it, which is released in other areas.

Of the following statements about the doldrums, which is/are true? The doldrums are an area of low atmospheric pressure. The doldrums are found as a global belt along the equator. The doldrums are the boundary between the northeast trade winds and the southeast trade winds. This is also known as the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). There is usually little wind but a lot of rain associated with the doldrums.

The doldrums are an area of low atmospheric pressure. The doldrums are found as a global belt along the equator. The doldrums are the boundary between the northeast trade winds and the southeast trade winds. This is also known as the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). There is usually little wind but a lot of rain associated with the doldrums.

The angle at which direct sunlight strikes the ocean's surface is important in determining the amount of solar energy that is absorbed. True False

True

All the following are true of the movement of Earth's atmosphere except : a column of warm, less dense air produces low pressure at the Earth's surface. the movement of air within the atmospheric convection cells generates the Earth's major wind belts. a column of cool, dense air produces high pressure at the Earth's surface. warm air is less dense than cool air so it tends to sink toward the Earth's surface. cool air is denser than warm air so it tends to sink toward the Earth's surface.

Warm air it less dense than cool air so it tends to sink toward the Earth's surface

A cold air mass moving into an area occupied by relatively warm air is called a/an: high pressure system. cold front. occluded front. warm front. low pressure system.

cold front

rising and sinking air masses moving in a circular fashion troposphere water vapor tropopause nitrogen (N2) convection cell

convection cell

The apparent deflection of air masses to the right or left (depending on latitude) as they move from one latitude to another is called the: Cyclonic effect. Coriolis effect. Saffir-Simpson scale. Ekman spiral. Hadley cell.

coriolis effect

A maritime polar air mass is likely to be dry and cold. True False

false

An iceberg is a variety of sea ice. True False

false

The trade winds can be found between 30° and 60°N and S latitudes. True False

false

Tropical cyclones derive their energy from the water's high latent heat of fusion. True False

false

Surface winds in the tropics generally blow _______________. from the west away from the equator from the east either from the east or west and either toward or away from the equator, depending on local conditions toward the equator

from the east

When ice forms from seawater, the remaining seawater will have a: higher salinity. higher temperature. lower temperature. decreased density. darker color.

higher salinity

The doldrums refer to the same region as the: trade winds. jet stream. subtropical jet stream. inter-tropical convergence zone. subtropics.

inter-tropical convergence zone

The strength of a hurricane stems from water's: latent heat of sublimation. latent heat of melting. latent heat of condensation. latent heat of fusion. latent heat of deposition.

latent heat of condenation

Tropic of Cancer prevailing wind pattern at tropical latitudes prevailing wind pattern at polar latitudes located at 23.5° N latitude prevailing wind pattern at temperate latitudes area where warm, moist air rises close to the equator

located at 23.5 N latitude

Westerlies prevailing wind pattern at tropical latitudes located at 23.5° N latitude area where warm, moist air rises close to the equator prevailing wind pattern at temperate latitudes prevailing wind pattern at polar latitudes

prevailing wind pattern at temperate latitiudes

Trade winds prevailing wind pattern at temperate latitudes prevailing wind pattern at tropical latitudes prevailing wind pattern at polar latitudes area where warm, moist air rises close to the equator located at 23.5° N latitude

prevailing wind pattern at tropical lattitudes

Earth's atmosphere is heated primarily by __________. latent heat of condensation in storms conduction of heat from Earth's surface re-radiation of solar energy from Earth's surface back into the atmosphere as infrared radiation solar energy interacting with the stratosphere solar energy interacting with the ionosphere

re-radiation of solar energy from Earth's surface back into the atmosphere as infrared radiation

The intensity of tropical cyclones is measured by meteorologists using the __________ scale. Beaufort Saffir-Simpson Mohs Wentworth Mercali

saffir-simpson

The largest loss of life from a hurricane is usually due to: high winds. low atmospheric pressure. intense precipitation. storm surge. none of the above.

storm surge

Of the following characteristics or features, which is/are associated with middle latitude storms, such as those that originate in the North Pacific Ocean between 40 and 60 degrees latitude? the prevailing westerlies the polar front the jet stream movement from east to west contrasting air masses

the prevailing westerlies the polar front the jet stream contrasting air masses

The Coriolis effect is caused by __________. the rotation of Earth the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) changes in Earth's rotational velocity Earth's magnetic field the curvature of Earth

the rotation of the earth

Of the following characteristics or features, which is/are generally related to the formation or movement of hurricanes? the trade winds water's latent heat of condensation warm ocean water warm air with lots of water vapor a latitude of 0 degrees

the trade winds water's latent heat of condensation warm ocean water warm air with lots of water vapor

lowermost portion of Earth's atmosphere where most weather occurs water vapor nitrogen (N2) troposphere tropopause convection cell

troposhpere

The lowermost portion of the atmosphere where most weather occurs is called the: upper atmosphere. stratosphere. tropopause. ozone layer. troposphere.

tropsophere

The large atmospheric circulation cells that occur between the equator and 30° latitude in each hemisphere are called Hadley cells. True False

true