Chapter 6 Questions - Motivation

E

According to equity theory, which of the following emotions is likely to be seen in an employee whose ratio of outcomes to inputs is more than those of their comparison other? A) Anger B) Envy C) Satisfaction D) Equanimity E) Guilt

True

According to expectancy theory, motivational force equals zero if expectancy, instrumentality, or valence is zero. True False

A

According to research, which of the following aspects of motivation most likely has the highest impact on organizational commitment? A) Equity B) Expectancy C) Competence D) Meaningfulness E) Impact

False

Disciplinary actions, demotions, and terminations are typical examples of "positively valenced" outcomes. True False

True

Employees who feel a sense of equity on the job are more likely to engage in citizenship behaviors. True False

E

Goal setting theory argues that assigning employees _____ goals will result in higher levels of performance. A) easily attainable B) nonspecific C) moderate D) "do your best" E) difficult

False

Meaningfulness is a concept in psychological empowerment that reflects a sense of choice in the initiation and continuation of work tasks. True False

False

Motivation is a set of distinctive, external forces. True False

A

Phrases such as "moving forward," "being on track," and "getting there" convey a sense of _____. A) impact B) meaningfulness C) competence D) self-determination E) cognitive distortion

C

Which motivating force has the strongest effect on performance? A) Perceptions of equity B) Motivation created by expectancy C) Self-efficacy or competence D) Difficult goals E) Motivation created by valence

D

Which of the following describes a process of cognitive distortion? A) The development of negative emotions such as anger or envy as a consequence of equity distress B) The shrinkage of inputs due to a lowering of intensity or persistence of efforts as a consequence of equity distress C) The increase in citizenship behavior due to a feeling of guilt as a consequence of equity distress D) The restoration of balance mentally without altering behavior as a consequence of equity distress E) The shrinkage of one's outcomes, by taking less money or benefits, as a consequence of equity distress

C

Which of the following is a performance outcome fostering intrinsic motivation? A) Bonuses B) Promotion C) Enjoyment D) Praise E) Free time

C

Which of the following is true of motivation? A) A person who works hard for a short time is unmotivated. B) Motivation shows a high negative correlation with ability. C) It is a set of energetic forces that originates both within and outside an employee. D) It is a synonym for high levels of intensity and persistence in work effort. E) Motivational forces such as confidence are external to the employee.

D

_____ is a strategy for fostering goal commitment that involves the collaboration of employees and leaders on setting the specific proficiency level and due date for a goal so that the employee feels a sense of ownership over the goal. A) Rewards B) Publicity C) Support D) Participation E) Resources

D

_____ is described as a need to hold a high evaluation of oneself and to feel effective and respected by others. A) Existence B) Relatedness C) Control D) Esteem E) Meaning