Chapter 7
As a crime-scene investigator, you've come across a small skeleton. You find that the bones of the sacrum are not yet fused. What does this tell you?
The skeleton is from a child.
Which of the following bones is part of the appendicular skeleton?
carpals
Which are structures found on the hyoid bone?
lesser horns
Which vertebral region supports the lower back?
lumbar
The sternum, ribs, vertebrae, and cranium (select all that apply)
make up the axial skeleton, protect vital organs in the head and thoracic cavity
The costal cartilages of the first and second ribs connect with the _________ of the sternum
manubrium
The costal cartilages of the first and second ribs connect with which portion of the sternum?
manubrium
The sternoclavicular joints connect the clavicles with which section of the sternum?
manubrium
What is the term for the superior part of the sternum?
manubrium
The hyoid bone is suspected from the _________ process of the temporal bone by ligaments and muscles in the neck.
styloid
The hyoid bone is suspended by ligaments and muscles to which structure?
styloid process
From which structure is the hyoid suspended?
styloid processes of the temporal bones
Which of the following bones is part of the appendicular skeleton?
tibia
What is the name for the inferior portion of the sternum?
xiphoid process
Which portion of the sternum does not have any costal cartilages articulated with it?
xiphoid process
The thoracic region of the vertebral column consists of __________ vertebrae.
12
Approximately what percentage of the bones in the adult human axial skeleton come from the cranium?
10%
The complete adult skeleton is composed of how many bones?
206
How many pairs of ribs are "true" ribs?
7
How many ribs attach directly to the sternum in the axial skeleton?
7 paired ribs
In the complete human adult skeleton, there are _________ bones in the axial skeleton.
80
The hyoid bone is located on the _________ neck.
Anterior
The hyoid bone is located on the posterior axial skeleton.
False
bone is unique for the axial skeleton because if does not articulate with any other bone.
Hyoid
There are _________ bones in an infant's skeleton compared to the adult human skeleton.
More
On the hyoid bone, the body is the most anterior structure.
True
The hyoid bone is frequently fractured as a result of strangulation.
True
Which of the following is the largest part of the sternum?
body
Autopsy results indicate that a body discovered in a lake had a fractured hyoid as well as fractured larynx and tracheal cartilages. There was no water in the lungs and no other blunt force trauma indicators, however. What conclusions were likely made in the case based on these observations?
death occurred by strangulation and not drowning
A coroner suspects manual strangulation as a cause of death. Which bone would he/she examine for confirmation?
hyoid
Muscles of the tongue, neck and pharynx attach on which bone?
hyoid
Supporting the tongue is the function of which bone?
hyoid
Which bone of the axial skeleton does not articulate with any other bone?
hyoid
The humerus is attached to the
pectoral girdle
Which of the following is a function of the hyoid bone?
to support the tongue
The hyoid bone provides attachment sites for muscles from which of the following areas? Select all that apply.
tongue, neck, pharynx
The spinal cord travels through which foramen of the vertebral column?
vertebral foramen
Which of the following bones form part of the nasal septum?
vomer, ethmoid
Girdles are part of the
appendicular skeleton
A bone in the axial skeleton that amplifies sound is a/an
auditory ossicle
The hyoid bone is part of the ______________ skeleton
axial
Muscles and ligaments attach to which structures of the hyoid bone to suspend it in place? Select all that apply.
body, greater horn, lesser horn
hyoid
bone is the only one in the axial skeleton that does not articulate with any other bones.
Which vertebral region corresponds to the neck region?
cervical
What type of tissue gradually replaces fontanels after birth?
connective tissue
The hyoid bone
does not articulate with other bones, is located between the mandible and larynx, is a component of the axial skeleton.
Which of the following is part of the axial skeleton?
hyoid
bone is the only one in the axial skeleton that does not articulate with any other bones.
hyoid
Which cranial nerve passes through the hypoglossal canal?
hypoglossal
The functions of the hyoid include (select all that apply):
provides attachment sites for some tongue muscles, supports the tongue
thoracic
region of the vertebral column consists of 12 vertebrae.
The coccyx articulates with which portion of the vertebral column?
sacral
Which of the vertebral regions listed below is inferior to the others?
sacral
Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?
sacrum
Which regions of the vertebral column are not mobile?
sacrum, coccyx
In which bone would you find the external auditory meatus?
temporal
The extremities may be found in
the appendicular skeleton but not the axial skeleton
If you are examining a vertebra and you note that it has a spinous process that projects inferiorly, which type of vertebra are you examining?
thoracic
Scoliosis is most likely to occur in which vertebral curvature?
thoracic
Which vertebral region has connections to the ribs?
thoracic
The entire chest region is referred to as the
thorax