Chapter 7

protocol

a standard that specifies the format of data as well as the rules to be followed during transmission

RFID reader (RFID interrogator)

a transmitter/receiver that reads the contents of RFID tags in the area -the black boxes by the door

T1 line

a type of data connection able to transmit a digital signal at 1.544 mpbs (megabits)

cable modem

a type of digital modem used with high-speed cable internet service

telecommuting

allows users to work from remote locations using high-speed internet to access business applications and data

latitude

north/south measurement position

advantages of wireless networks

-enhances mobility -provides immediate access -increases location and monitoring capability -improves workflow -provides mobile business opportunities -provides alternative to wiring

challenges of wireless networks

-protecting against theft -protecting wireless connections -preventing viruses on mobile devices -addressing privacy concerns with RFID and LBS

benefits of a connected world

-sharing resources -providing opportunities -reducing travel

5 networking elements that create a connected world

1. network categories -LAN, WAN, MAN 2. network providers -ISP, NSP, RSP 3. network access technologies -DSL, cable modem, broadband 4. network protocols -TCP/IP, DNS, DHCP 5. network convergence -VoIP, UC, IPTV

what are GIS, GPS, and LBS? How are businesses using these applications to compete?

GIS stands for geographic information system and it is used to store, view, and analyze geographic data to create multidimensional maps. GPS stands for global positioning system and uses a satellite-based navigation system to provide extremely accurate position, time, and speed information. LBS stands for location based services and it is an application that uses location information to provide a service. Both GIS and GPS use LBS so the competition is very intertwined. GPS of course has apps like google maps, but they use LBS to create geocache. GIS is more in the 3-d real world, so things like google earth are what they use LBS for. And LBS is used throughout everyday life without us even recognizing it.

What is RFID and how could it help a larger retailer track inventory?

RFID stands for radio frequency identification. It uses electronic tags and labels to identify objects wirelessly over short distances. It could help a large retailer keep track of their inventory by simply tagging crates of the product rather than each individual item. Once the product is moved from inventory then a more individualistic touch can be applied.

What are the advantages of mobile business?

There is less travel, which also means less money, providing others and yourself with new opportunities, and the best of all sharing resources.

secure hypertext transfer protocol (SHTTP or HTTPS)

a combination of HTTP and SSL to provide encryption and secure identification of an internet server

modem

a device that enables a computer to transmit and receive data

RFID accelerometer

a device that measures the acceleration of an item and is used to track truck speeds or taxi cab speeds

broadband

a high-speed internet connection that is always connected

metropolitan area network (MAN)

a large computer network usually spanning a city -example: college campus

intranet

a restricted network that relies on internet technologies to provide an internet like environment within the company

global positioning system (GPS)

a satellite based navigation system providing extremely accurate position, time, and speed information

traceroute

a utility application that monitors the network path of packet data sent to a remote computer

digital divide

a worldwide gap giving advantage to those with access to technology

SSL certificate

an electronic document that confirms the identity of a website or server and verifies that a public key belongs to a trustworthy individual or company

RFID tag

an electronic identification device that is made up of a chip and antenna

extranet

an extension of an intranet that available only to authorized outsiders, such as customers, partners, and suppliers

location based services (LBS)

applications that use location information to provide a service

local area network (LAN)

connects a group of computers in close proximity, such as in an office, home, or school -example: city library

active RFID tag

contains a transmitter and a power source, usually a battery

what are the different internet access technologies you can use to connect to the internet?

dial-ups which are on demand access that require a modem and regular telephone line. This is cheap but slow compared to other options. DSL which is digital service line and you always have connection but a special modem is needed. This is great because it makes use of pre existing telephone wires. Cable which again you always have connection but a special modem and cable line are needed. Something to consider is that this is a shared resource with others in the area. T1 which are leased lines for bandwidth. More expensive than any of the other options.

passive RFID tag

do not have a power source

longitude

east/west measurement position

virtual private network (VPN)

like a private "tunnel" to establish direct private links or create secure access

GIS map automation

links business assets to a centralized system where they can be tracked and monitored over time

packet header

lists the destination along with the length of the message data

asset tracking

occurs when a company places active or semi-passive RFID tags on expensive products to gather data on the items' location with little or no manual intervention

edge matching (warping, rubber sheeting)

occurs when maps are laid edge to edge and items that run across maps but do not match are reconfigured to match

regional service providers (RSP)

offer internet service by connecting NSP's but they can also connect directly to each other

national service providers (NSP)

private companies that own and maintain the worldwide backbone that supports the internet -example: verizon, sprint, at&t, etc

high-speed internet cable connections

provide internet access using a cable television company's infrastructure and a special cable modem

internet service provider (ISP)

provides access to the internet

digital subscriber line (DSL)

provides high-speed digital data transmission over standard telephone lines using broadband modem technology, allowing both internet and telephone services to work over the same phone lines

transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP)

provides the technical foundation for the public internet as well as for large numbers of private networks

packet footer

represents the end of the packet or transmission end

cartography

science and art of making an illustrated map or chart

packet

single unit of binary data routed though a network

proxy

software that prevents direct communication between a sending and receiving computer and is used to monitor packets for security reasons

wide area network (WAN)

spans a large geographic area such as a state, province, or country -example: internet

geographic information system (GIS)

stores, views, and analyzes geographic data creating multidimensional maps

bit rate

term that bandwidth is measured in, the number of bits transferred or received per unit of time

network convergence

the efficient coexistence of telephone, video, and data communication within a single network, offering convenience and flexibility not possible with separate infrastructures

bandwidth

the maximum amount of data that can pass from one point to another in a unit of time -example: like a hose

estimated time of arrival (ETA)

the time of day an expected arrival at a certain destination and is typically used for navigation applications

estimated time enroute (ETE)

the time remaining before reaching a destination using the present speed and is typically used for navigation applications

domain name system (DNS)

to convert IP addresses into domains, or identifying labels that use a variety of recognizable naming conventions -example: .biz = business, .edu =education, .gov =US govnt agencies

network access points (NAP)

traffic exchange points in the routing hierarchy of the internet that must connect to NSP's

automatic vehicle location (AVL)

uses GPS tracking to location vehicles

voice over IP (VoIP)

uses IP technology to transmit telephone calls

semi-passive RFID tag

uses a battery to run the microchip's circuitry, but communicate by drawing power from the RFID reader

radion frequency identification (RFID)

uses electronic tags and labels to identify objects wirelessly over short distances -example: our ID's

chipless RFID tags

uses plastic or conductive polymers instead of silicon based microchips, allowing them be washed or exposed to water without damage