Chapter 7 Homework

Evaluate the expression 2x1, 2x(1+3), 2x(1+3+5), and 2x(1+3+5+7) how do the atomic numbers of the noble gases relate to the numbers from part a? What topic discussed in chapter 6 in the textbook is the source of the number 2 in the expressions in part a

2, 8, 18, 32 The differences between sequential pairs of the atomic numbers of the noble gases they represent the filling of new sub shells when moving across the next row of the periodic chart

In which orbital does an electron in a lithium atom experience the greatest shielding? 2p 3p 1s 3s 2s

2s

The shielding of electrons gives rise to an effective nuclear charge, Zeff, which explains why boron is larger that oxygen. Estimate the approximate Zeff felt by a valence electron of boron and electron, respectively? 5 and 8 3 and 6 5 and 6 3 and 8 1 and 4

3 and 6

A tine atom has 50 electrons. Electrons in the ___ sub shell experience the lowest effective nuclear charge. 3p 1s 5s 5p 3d

5p

Of the choices below, which gives the order for first ionization energies? S > Si > Cl > Al > Ar Cl > S > Al > Si > Ar Ar > Cl > S > Cl > Al Al > Si > S > Cl > Ar Cl > S > Al > Ar > Si

Ar > Cl > S > Si > Al

Rank the following elements by electron affinity, from most positive to most negative EA value. Arsenic chlorine sulfur cesium argon

Argon > Cesium > Arsenic > Sulfur > Chlorine

Elements in the modern version of the periodic table are arranged in order of increasing ____ number of isotopes average atomic mass atomic number atomic mass oxidation number

Atomic number

For the elements with the electron affinities given in the table in the introduction, which element is most likely to accept an electron? Be: >0 P : -72 Br: -325

Br

Of the following elements, ________ has the most negative electron affinity. As K Se Br Ge

Br

Which ion below has the largest radius? K+ Cl- Na+ F- Br-

Br-

Which of the following correctly represents the second ionization of calcium? Ca+ (g) + e- →→ Ca (g) Ca (g) →→ Ca+ (g) + e- Ca+ (g) + e- →→ Ca2+ (g) Ca- (g) + e- →→ Ca2- (g) Ca+ (g) →→ Ca2+ (g) + e-

Ca+ (g) →→ Ca2+ (g) + e-

Na reacts with element X to form an ionic compound with the formula Na3X. Ca will react with X to form ________.

Ca3X2

Arrange the following oxides in order of increasing acidity. SiO2 P2O5 CO2 Al2O3 SO3 CaO

CaO < Al2O3 < SiO2 < CO2 < P2O5 < SO3

Which equation correctly represents the second ionization of copper? Cu2+(g)→Cu3+(g)+e- Cu-(g)→Cu2-(g)+e- Cu2+(g)+e-→Cu+(g) Cu+(g)→Cu2+(g)+e- Cu(g)→Cu+(g)+e-

Cu+(g)→Cu2+(g)+e-

Arrange F, I-, Cl-, and Br- in increasing order of radii

F < Cl- < Br- < I-

The effective nuclear charge acting on an electron is larger than the actual nuclear charge

False

The effective nuclear charge in an atom is proportional to the number of nuclear protons

False

Which one of the following is a metalloid? Ge I Sr N In

Ge

_______ is isoelectronic with helium B H Na B4+ Be2-

H-

The substance ________ is always produced when an active metal reacts with water.

H2

Would you expect technetium(II) oxide, TcOTcO, to react more readily with HF(aq)HF(aq) or NaOH(aq)NaOH(aq)? HF(aq) NaOH(aq) they react equally cannot be determined

Hf (aq)

Which of the following has the largest second ionization energy? B Be N Li C

Li

Rank the following elements in order of decreasing atomic radius Li N B Be

Li > Be > B > N

Which one of the following compounds produces a basic solution when dissolved in water? O2 SO2 Li2O OCl2 CuCl2

LiO2

An alkaline earth metal forms a compound with oxygen with the formula ________.(The symbol M represents any one of the alkaline earth metals.) M2O2 MO3 M2O MO2 MO

MO

Of the elements below, ________ is the most metallic. S Mg Kr Si Cl

Mg

Of the following atoms, which has the largest first ionization energy? N C B Si P

N

Arrange Na+, Na, K, and Rb in increasing order of radii

Na+ < Na < K < Rb

Place the following elements in order of decreasing atomic size: selenium chlorine fluorine rubidium calcium sulfur

Rb > Ca> Se> S> Cl> F

______ is isoelectronic with krypton Sr2 I- Rb+ Rb2+ Sr

Rb+

Which element would be expected to have chemical and physical properties closest to those of selenium? Cu Ne Si Fe S

S

The ion with the largest diameter is ______ V2+ Sc2+ Ti2+ Mn2+ Cr2+

Sc2+

All of the following are ionic compounds except ________. SiO2 Mg(OH)2 ZnCl2 Ba3N2 Na2O

SiO2

Rank the following elements in order of decreasing atomic radius Ge C Si Sn

Sn < Ge < Si < C

Element M reacts with chlorine to form a compound with the formula MCl2. Element M is more reactive than magnesium and has a smaller radius than barium. This element is ________. Be Na Sr K Ra

Sr

________ is isoelectronic with scandium Ti+ Ti K+ Ti2+ Ti-

Ti+

The ________ have the most negative electron affinities. alkaline earth metals transition metals alkali metals halogens chalcogens

halogens

Oxides of the active metals combine with water to form ________.

metal hydroxides

Most of the elements on the periodic table are ________.

metals

Based on position in the periodic table and electron configuration, arrange these elements in order of decreasing Ei1.

not sure

The correct name for the compound KO2 is _____.

potassium superoxide

Oxides of the active metals combine with acid to form ________. water and a salt oxygen gas metal hydrides metal hydroxides hydrogen gas

salt and water

Do Cr3+Cr3+ and V2+V2+ have the same or different electron configurations?

the same

Which is not a characteristic of metals? They are poor conductors of heat and electricity. Most metal oxides are ionic solids that are basic. Solids are malleable and ductile. They have a shiny luster and various colors, although most are silvery.

they are poor conductors of heat and electricity

Electron affinity measures how easily an atom gains an electron.

true