CHAPTER 7 NERVOUS SYSTEM

What cells from the myelin sheaths around nerve fibers in the PNS?

Schwann cells

Complex networks of spinal nerves are termed nerve plexuses.

TRUE

Ganglia are collections of ________.

cell bodies

Impulses for the sense of smell are carried by this purely sensory pair of cranial nerves

cranial nerve I

This cranial nerve pair is tested with the use of a penlight to gauge the responsiveness of the pupils

cranial nerve III

This cranial nerve pair contains motor fibers that activate the chewing muscles

cranial nerve V

This cranial nerve pair transmits sensory information about balance and hearing

cranial nerve VIII

Which ciliated neuroglial cell circulates cerebrospinal fluid?

ependymal cells

What are the two major functional properties of neurons?

irritability and conductivity

The brain and spinal cord are protected and cushioned by three connective tissue membranes that are collectively called______

meninges

Support cells in the central nervous system are collectively called ______

neuroglia

Which cranial nerve pairs are purely motor and control eye movement?

oculomotor, trochlear, abducens

No affect on most blood vessels

parasympathetic nervous system

The hypothalamus regulates the _______

pituitary gland

What are the two main functional subdivisions of the nervous system?

sensory and motor

A polarized neuron is characterized by the presence of more_________ ions along the plasma membrane outside the cell and less _______ ions along the plasma membrane inside the cell

sodium; potassium

What congenital disorder results when the vertebrae fail to form completely around the spinal cord, typically in the lumbosacral region?

spina bifida

Which branch of the autonomic nervous system system (ANS) mobilizes the body during extreme situations, such ass rage or fear

sympathetic division

Decreases digestive system activities

sympathetic nervous system

Increases the release of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla

sympathetic nervous system

Myelinated fibers (tracts) form ________ matter while unmyelinated fibers form ________ matter.

white; gray

What brain dysfunction results when blood supply to a region (or regions) of the brain is blocked and vital brain tissue dies, as by a blood clot or a ruptured blood vessel?

Cerebrovascular Accident

A sensory neuron carries stimuli from the central nervous system to the effector.

FALSE

Obligodendrocytes form the myelin sheath around nerve fibers in the PNS

FALSE

One of the major functions of the pons is to regulate hormonal output of the anterior pituitary gland.

FALSE

The central nervous system includes the spinal nerves and cranial nerves

FALSE

What type of neuron connects sensory and motor neurons in neural pathways?

Interneuron or association neuron

Subdivision of the motor division responsible for controlling involuntary events

autonomic nervous system (ANS)

The part of the neuron that typically conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body is the_______

axon

What part of the neuron releases vesicles containing neurotransmitters?

axon terminals