Chapter 7 Psychology

Who developed the triarchic theory?

Robert Sternberg

Which term refers to the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words?

Semantics

Which of the following statements about algorithms is false?

Working backwards is an example of an algorithm.

_______are categories or groupings of linguistic information, images, ideas or memories, such as life experiences.

Concepts

The average score on an IQ test is 100. In modern IQ testing, one standard deviation is 15 points. Someone with an IQ of 115 would be described as _______.

One standard deviation above the mean

What did the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart suggest about intelligence? The findings from this study _______.

revealed a genetic component to intelligence

From ______ months old, children are most capable of using simple sentences such as " I see"

18 to 24

The analytical intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence is demonstrated by the ability to _______.

Analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast.

Why are event schemata difficult to change? They are ________.

Automatic

______ encompasses the processes associated with perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgement, language and memory.

Cognition

Bernadette has difficulty spelling words correctly while writing and mixes up letters within words and sentences. Which learning disability does she have?

Dyslexia

Which researchers suggested that language determines thought?

Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf

Natural concepts are mental groupings created naturally through our_______.

Experiences

Niaz's car breaks down, and he is convinced that it was a predictable event even though there was no way of knowing it would happen. This exemplifies ________.

Hindsight bias

In Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory, ______ intelligence are often combined into a single type: emotional intelligence.

Interpersonal; intrapersonal

Which terms refers to the vocabulary of a language?

Lexicon

Reth is known for his ability and interest in writing. He won an award for his short story, "A Bear in the Woods," and was named Young Poet of the Year at his high school. He is currently working on a book titled, When Harry Potter Attacks. This exemplifies ________ intelligence.

Linguistic

Gonzalo is attempting to open his car door using the auto lock button on his keychain. He pushes the button twice, but his car door does not open. He continues to push the button even though it is likely that the auto lock feature has stopped working, and he will need to open the door manually with his key. This illustrates a ________.

Mental Set

Emily is an adult with a 4th-grade skill level in reading, writing, and math. Her doctor suggests there is no reason she can't find a job and live independently. Which subtype of intellectual disability describes Emily?

Mild

Aram is proficient in playing a number of instruments and can easily learn new songs and rhythms. This exemplifies ________ intelligence.

Musical

Knowing what a rainbow looks like because you have seen a rainbow is an example of a ________ concept.

Natural

In psychology, concepts can be divided into two categories: _________ and __________.

Natural; Artificial

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "Fluid Intelligence is characterized as acquired knowledge and the ability to retrieve it"

The word "Fluid" should be changed to the word "Crystallized"

From a psychological perspective, the term cognition means ________.

Thinking

The likelihood of functional fixedness occurring may be influenced by culture, and it is_____

experienced in both industrial and preindustrial countries equally.