Chapter 7 Quiz

______________ is(are) found in compact bone, but not spongy bone.

Central canals

Indicate if the listed hormone increases or decreases blood calcium levels. Parathyroid hormone Calcitonin

Increases; Decreases

Match the components of the epiphyseal plate with the correct description. This is the area nearest to the epiphysis that contains randomly arranged chondrocytes. This is the area where chondrocytes produce new cartilage, divide, and form columns resembling stacks of coins. This is the area where chondrocytes mature and enlarge. This is the very thin zone that contains hypertrophied chondrocytes and calcified cartilage matrix. This is the area where calcified cartilage is replaced by bone.

Zone of resting cartilage Zone of proliferating cartilage Zone of hypertrophic cartilage Zone of calcified cartilage Zone of ossification

Mineralization is a process that extracts ____________ from the blood plasma and deposits it into bone.

both calcium and phosphate

The cylindrical channel that lies in the center of the osteon is the

central canal

Hyaline cartilage consists of specialized cells called __________ that produce a matrix surrounding themselves. When matrix surrounds these cells, they become __________ that are trapped in lacunae.

chondroblasts; chondrocytes

In an adult, red bone marrow is found in all of the following bones except the

radius of forearm

Endochondral ossification ceases at two years of age.

False It grows until a person is about 20 years old or until the cartilage is replaced with bone

Once the epiphyseal plate fuses and forms an epiphyseal line, the long bone continues to grow in length but at a slower rate, true or false?

False The formation of the epiphyseal line signifies the termination of lengthwise growth in a bone.

If you are not getting adequate calcium in your diet, calcitonin will be secreted, which stimulates osteoclasts to resorb bone and thereby increases calcium levels in the blood.

False Calcitonin lowers calcium levels in the body

Appositional growth occurs within the epiphyseal plate.

False It can occur at the endosteum or the peristeum

The medullary cavity of a flat bone contains red or yellow bone marrow.

False It contains red bone marrow that is replaced later by yellow bone marrow

Compact bone is found on the internal surfaces of spongy bone, often lining the marrow cavities.

False It is the dense tissue found on the outside of the bone

The cartilage model used in endochondral ossification becomes surrounded by perichondrium except in the diaphysis.

False

In long bones, the diaphysis is the site of the primary ossification center.

True

In mature bone, the only cartilage that remains is the articular cartilage on the epiphyses of bones.

True

Appositional growth requires

deposition of external circumferential lamellae

The secondary ossification center in a long bone is located in the

epiphysis