Chapter 7 Review Questions

Briefly describe the anatomical characteristics and impairment of function seen in cleft palate and hip dysplasia.

-both affect skeletal formation Cleft Palate: left and right halves of the palate fail to fuse medially. -The resulting opening between the nasal and oral cavities may cause difficulty in sucking. Aspiration of food and aspiration pneumonia may result Hip Dysplasia: the acetabulum is poorly formed and the head of the femur may be partially or completely dislocated. -can lead to degenerative arthritis of the hip joint

Match the bones in column B with their description in column A. (some descriptions require more than a single choice) Column A Column B __(1) connected by a) ethmoid the coronal suture b) frontal __(2) keystone bone of c)mandible cranium d)maxillary __(3)keystone bone of e)occipital the face f)palatine __(4) form the hard palate g)parietal __(5) allows spinal cord h)sphenoid to pass i)temporal __(6) forms the chin __(7)contain paranasal sinuses __(8) contains mastoid sinuses

1) frontal and parietal 2)sphenoid 3)maxillary 4)maxillary and palatine 5)occipital 6)mandible 7)ethmoid, frontal, maxillary, sphenoid 8)temporal

Which vertebral curvatures are primary and which are secondary? Why are they called primary and secondary?

Primary= thoracic and sacral curvatures (2) called primary because they are present at birth Secondary= cervical and lumbar (2) called secondary because they develop after birth when the baby learns to lift its head(cervical curvature) and when it learns to walk (lumbar curvature)

Which ribs are floating ribs? and why are they called that?

Ribs pairs 11 and 12 are floating (2) because they do not attach to the sternum anteriorly

What is the function of the intervertebral discs?

They act as shock absorbers and provide flexibility to the spine allowing it to flex and extend

the wrist bones

carpals

doubly curved; acts as a shoulder strut

clavicle

features include the ala, crest, and greater sciatic notch

ilium

hip bone that articulates with the axial skeleton

ilium

the "sit down" bone

ischium

anteriormost bone of the pelvic girdle

pubis

part of the vertebral column

sacrum

markings include glenoid cavity and acromion

scapula

end shaped like a monkey wrench

ulna

List three important differences between the male and female pelvis.

1)female pelvic inlet and outlet are wider 2)female pelvis is wider, shallower, and lighter 3) female ischial spines are farther apart

articulates with the acetabulum and the tibia

femur

articulates with the capitulum of the humerus

radius

bone that "carries" the hand

radius

forms the lateral aspect of the ankle

radius

Bone of the axial skeleton to which the pectoral girdle attaches

sternum

largest bone of this "group" is the calcaneus

tarsals