Chapter 7 Skeletal system: Gross Anatomy
sella turcica
Alexander has been diagnosed with a pituitary tumor which mean the tumor is in the
The limbs and girdles
Appendicular skeleton consist of
frontal bone, parietal bones, temporal bones, occipital bone, sphenoid bone, ethmoid bone
Bones of the cranium
Flat Bone, Long Bone, Short Bone, Irregular Bone
Describe four shape bones
7 cervical vertebrae 12 thoracic vertebrae 5 lumbar vertebrae 1 sacral bone 1 coccygeal bone
Five regions of the vertebral column
coronal(the frontal bone and the parietal bone), saggital (the two parietal bones), lambdoid (parietal and occipital bone), squamous (temporal bones)
Four major sutures of the skull and the bones they connect
support the weight of the head and trunk protects the spinal, allows spinal nerves to exit the spinal cord, provides a site for muscle attachment,, permits movement of the head and trunk
Functions of the vertebral column
broken pelvis
Judd has a fractured coal bone which mean he has a broken
C2
Marylin has been diagnosed with a fractured dense odontoid process which specific bone is affected?
manubrium, body, xyphoid process, the superior margin of the manubrium has a jugular (suprasternal)notch in the midline. the point at which the manubrium joins the body of the sternum. can be felt as a prominince of the anterior thorax called the sternum angle
Parts of the sternum
Tubercle
Small rounded projection
clavicle
The collar bone is the
The two hip bones coxal bones and sacrum
What bones form the pelvic girdle
Distinguish among true,false, floating ribs, and give the number of each type
What is the function of the rib cage?
humerus
a dislocated shoulder involves separation of the ______ from the scapula
nucleus pulpous
a herniated disk occurs when there is protusion of the
ischial tuberosity
a person sits on their
occipital
a person who gets hit in the back of the head might suffer injury to which of these bones?
coccyx
also called your tail bone
scoliosis
an abnormal lateral and rotational curvature of the vertebral column
Kyphosis
an exaggeration of the concave curve of the thorasic region
lordosis
an exaggeration of the convex curve if the lumbar region
breastbone
common name for the sternum
shinbone
common name of tibia
spina bifida
condition that affects the spine and is usually apparent at birth. It is a type of neural tube defect. can happen anywhere along the spine if the neural tube does not close all the way
hip bone
coxal bone is known as the
fossa
depression
Kyphosis
eighty year old Mrs. Smith has a bent over stance with a noticeable hump back. Along with osteoporosis, Mrs. Smith also is afflicted with which conditions?
cleft palate
failure if the palatine processes of the maxilla to fuse properly during development results in
functions of the axial skeleton
forms the central axis of the body consist of the bones of the skull the auditory ossicles, the hyoid bone, the vertebral column and the thoracic cage.
acromion process
has an articulation with the clavicle
calcaneus
heel of the foot is formed by
radius
if you break the lateral bone of your forearm you have fractured your ________
femur
larger bone in the thigh
Fibula
lateral malleolus is part of the
olecranon process
point of the elbow
process
prominent projection
false
ribs that do not attach directly to the sternum are called ______ ribs
herniated disk
ruptured disk, results when the annulus fibrosous breaks or balloons, releasing all or part of the nucleus pulposus. the herniated part of the disk may push against and compress the spinal cord, cauda equina, or spinal nerves.
scapula
shoulder blade
sinuses
some skull bones contain mucous membrane lined air spaces
Femur
the Bone that articulates with the acetabulum
cervical
the ______ region if the vertebral column is located in the neck
scapula,clavicle
the bones that make up the pectoral girdle consist of two pair bones that attach each of the upper limbs to the body
sutures
the cranial bones are connected by immovable joints
carpal tunnel syndrome
the edema or connective tissue may apply pressure against the nerve and vessels passing through the tunnel, is characterized by tingling, burning, and numbness in the hand
intervertebral disks
the fibrocartilage located between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae
atlas
the first cervical vertebrae is the
forehead
the frontal bone is known as the
posterior side of the ilium
the greater sciatic notch is found in the
axial skeleton
the hyoid bone is part of the
symphysis pubis
the junction of two pubic bones is the
ilium
the largest must superior coxal bone is the
compression of the intervertebral disks
the lost of height that occurs with aging is due to
coccyx
the most inferior portion of the vertebral column
coxa
the obturator foramen is found in the
vertebral foramen
the opening in vertebrae for the spinal cord is the
Foramen
the opening through which a nerve or blood vessel passed
appendicular skeleton
the pervilcgirdle and lower limb are part of the appendicular skeleton
spinous process
the posterior inferior projection from the vertebrae is the
thoracic
the ribs articulate with the ____ vertebrae
intervertebral foramen
the site where spinal nerves exit the vertebral column is the
mandible
the skull bone that forms the chin is also the only bone connected to the skull by a freely moveable joint
axial skeleton
the vertebral column is part of the
axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton
two anatomical portions of the skeleton
decrease the weight of the skull and act a resonating chamber when speaking
what are the functions of the sinuses
spina bifida
what condition is the failure of vertebral laminae to fuse?
herniated disk
what results from damage to annulus fibrosus and release of nucleus pulposus?
foramen magnum
what structure allows the brainstem to connect to the spinal cord?
the hyoid bone is embedded in soft tissues in the neck just below the mandible. This is only in the body not directly connected to another bone Important for speech and swallowing
where is the hyoid located
glenoid cavity
where the humerus articulates with the scapula