Chapter 7 test

Which of the following statements about algorithms is false?

Algorithms are used frequently in our everyday lives.

Raymond Cattell was a psychologist who ________.

divided intelligence into two components

Which concept is a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what it was designed for?

functional fixedness

The fact that English grammar dictates that most verbs end in-ed to indicate past tense is an example of the ________ component of language.

grammar

In Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory, ________ intelligence and ________ intelligence are often combined into a single type: emotional intelligence.

interpersonal; intrapersonal

Anywhere between 30-70% of individuals with diagnosed cases of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) also have some sort of ________.

learning disability

Gonzalo is attempting to open his car door using the auto lock button on his keychain. He pushes the button twice, but his car door does not open. He continues to push the button even though it is likely that the auto lock feature has stopped working, and he will need to open the door manually with his key. This illustrates a ________.

mental set

An anchoring bias occurs when you focus on ________.

one piece of information versus all of the information

Ilayda assumes that her professors spend their free time reading books and engaging in intellectual conversation, because the idea of them spending their time playing volleyball or visiting an amusement park does not fit in with her stereotypes of professors. This exemplifies ________.

representational bias

Which of the following is not one of the conditions that leads to the impulse to use heuristics?

the decision to be made is important

The analytical intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence is demonstrated by the ability to ________.

analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast

________ intelligence is marked by inventing or imagining a solution to a problem or situation.

creative

Which of the following statements about Charles Spearman is false?

He divided intelligence into two components: crystallized intelligence and fluid intelligence.

Which of the following is a criticism of the Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf research on language?

It was not empirical.

Who developed the triarchic theory of intelligence?

Robert Sternberg

What should be changed to make the following sentence true "Arthur Jensen theorized that Level I intelligence is responsible for conceptual and analytical abilities while Level II intelligence is responsible for rote memorization."

The placement of the phrases "Level I" and "Level II" should be switched.

Tasks that require you to compare, contrast, or evaluate are using the ________ intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence.

analytical

Parents of African American students filed a case against the state of California in 1979 because they believed the testing method used to identify students with learning disabilities________.

as culturally unfair as the tests were normed and standardized using White children

After the first few months of life, babies enter what is known as the ________ stage, during which time they tend to produce single syllables, such as buh-buh, that are repeated over and over.

babbling

________ encompasses the processes associated with perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgment, language, and memory.

cognition

Bernadette has difficulty spelling words correctly while writing and mixes up letters within words and sentences. Which learning disability does she have?

dyslexia

A(an) ________ schema is also known as a cognitive script.

event

The likelihood of functional fixedness occurring may be influenced by culture, and it is________.

experienced in both industrial and preindustrial countries equally

Emily is an adult with a 4th-grade skill level in reading, writing, and math. Her doctor suggests there is no reason she can't find a job and live independently. Which subtype of intellectual disability describes Emily?

mild

A ________ is the smallest unit of language that conveys some type of meaning.

morpheme

Knowing what a rainbow looks like because you have seen a rainbow is an example of a ________ concept.

natural

Which of the following is key to generating a bell curve?

sample size

A(an) ________ is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts.

schema

Which term refers to the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words?

semantics

Mikel can look at an engineering plan and quickly build a scale model. This exemplifies ________ intelligence.

spatial