Chapter 7 : The Vitamins D

e. folate

**********Deficiencies in __________ can result in anemia, reduced immunity, and abnormal digestive function. This vitamin is a coenzyme important in synthesizing new cells. a. niacin b. riboflavin c. thiamin d. vitamin C e. folate

b. USP

**********While reading the labels of five vitamin supplements you see one of the words, phrases, or symbols listed below each label. Which vitamin supplement is the best choice for you? a. organic b. USP c. stress formula d. high potency e. all natural

tiny; absorbed; fat soluble; water soluble

A vitamin is defined as an essential, non-caloric, organic nutrient needed in [tiny, large, absorbed, converted, water-soluble, fat soluble]amounts in the diet. The role of many vitamins is to help make possible the processes by which other nutrients are digested and [tiny, large, absorbed, converted, water-soluble, fat soluble]. Some of the vitamins are[tiny, large, absorbed, converted, water-soluble, fat soluble] , such as vitamin A, D, E, and K. Other vitamins are [tiny, large, absorbed, converted, water-soluble, fat soluble]and easily travel through the blood stream.

e. A

An estimated 5 million of the world's children, ages 3-5 years old, suffer from signs of vitamin _____ deficiency resulting in night blindness, diarrhea, and loss of appetite. a. D b. B12 c. E d. C e. A

water-soluble; 10; coenzymes

The B vitamins and vitamin C are collectively known as the[5,10,water soluble,fat soluble,coenzymes, clotting factors] vitamins. Vitamin C deficiency may lead to scurvy yet can be prevented by ingesting as little as [5,10,water soluble,fat soluble,coenzymes, clotting factors] mg vitamin C per day. The B vitamins mainly function as [5,10,water-soluble,fat soluble,coenzymes, clotting factors] that are necessary for enzymes to be activated.

calcium; bone

Vitamin D is not an essential nutrient if sufficient sunlight is met. We need vitamin D to help regulate blood [bone, carotene,calcium, heart, soft tissue] and phosphorus to maintain [bone, carotene,calcium, heart, soft tissue] integrity.

blood clotting; bacteria; infants

Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin necessary for the synthesis of proteins involved in [bacteria, blood clotting,cellular synthesis, elderly, infants, viruseS] and bone formation. It can be obtained from intestinal [bacteria, blood clotting,cellular synthesis, elderly, infants, viruseS] , a nonfood source. Unfortunately, vitamin K deficiencies may occur in [bacteria, blood clotting,cellular synthesis, elderly, infants, viruse]because they are most likely to have sterile intestinal tracts.

fat-soluble, lymph, stored, weekly

Vitamins A, D, E, and K are all [daily fat soluble, liver, lymph,not stored, stored ,water-soluble, weekly] . This means they are absorbed in the [daily fat soluble, liver, lymph,not stored, stored ,water-soluble, weekly] prior to entering the bloodstream. They are [daily fat soluble, liver, lymph,not stored, stored ,water-soluble, weekly] within the body and intake is required on a [daily fat soluble, liver, lymph,not stored, stored ,water-soluble, weekly]

c. retinol

What is the active form of vitamin A? It is made from beta-carotene and is stored in specialized liver cells in animals and humans. a. keratin b. thiamin c. retinol d. collagen e. rhodopsin

e. Research has shown there is no significant relationship between vitamin C supplementation and cold prevention.

Which of the following is true regarding vitamin C? a. Vitamin C is a necessary vitamin for a pregnant mother to take for proper fetal growth. b. Women must ingest 15 mg/day of vitamin C compared to men. c. Vitamin C toxicity results in bleeding gums and poor wound healing. d. Daily sun nourishment provides enough vitamin C to maintain bone health. e. Research has shown there is no significant relationship between vitamin C supplementation and cold prevention.

e. vitamin B12

Your teammate claims he is feeling very fatigued and has a bit of numbness in his legs so he is unable to make it to practice today. He also told you he recently found out he is lactose intolerant and has not been ingesting any dairy products. Which vitamin deficiency is he most likely suffering from? a. riboflavin b. thiamin c. niacin d. folate e. vitamin B12

d. thiamin

^^^^^^^Which specific B vitamin is critical for energy metabolism and nerve cell membranes? Deficiency in this vitamin leads to Beriberi. a. vitamin B12 b. niacin c. folate d. thiamin e. riboflavin

c. vitamin E

^^^^^^^^What is found in green and leafy vegetables, helps stabilize cellular membranes, and supports immune function? a. vitamin C b. riboflavin c. vitamin E d. vitamin K e. vitamin A

c. vitamin D

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^A good friend has confided in you that he has been experiencing appetite loss, nausea, vomiting, increased urination, and thirst. He is worried because his medical examination revealed that calcium has been deposited in his blood vessels and kidneys. Based on these signs and symptoms, what do you suspect your friend has been taking? a. vitamin E b. vitamin A c. vitamin D d. vitamin K e. vitamin B12

d. ½ cup cooked spinach

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^A neighbor has asked you for advice on what to eat to increase her folate intake. However, she is vegetarian. Which of the following food items would you suggest to best suit her needs? a. ½ cup cooked broccoli b. 1 small apple c. ¾ cup orange juice d. ½ cup cooked spinach e. beef liver