Chapter 8 AP human geography

3. Every country with a seacoast has an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. Which one of the following statements regarding the Law of the Sea and the EEZ is NOT correct? (A) The EEZ extends up to 200 nautical miles (370 km) from the coastline. (B) Countries have the right to exploit natural resources in their EEZ (C) Countries can exploit resources on the continental shelf extending up to 350 nautical miles (560 km) beyond their EEZ. (D) A country does not have the right to exploit living resources in its EEZ. (E) A country has the right to exploit nonliving resources in its EEZ.

(D) A country does not have the right to exploit living resources in its EEZ.

48.(On the map of Egypt) The shaded region of ancient civilizations which spanned from the Nile River valley through and to the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers is known as the A. Arabian Peninsula B. Fertile Crescent C. Anatolian Migration D. Maghreb E. Kingdom of Heaven

(On the map of Egypt) The shaded region of ancient civilizations which spanned from the Nile River valley through and to the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers is known as the B. Fertile Crescent

255. 1983, after years of political instability, Argentina reinstituted a democratic government, indicating that (A) elections must be monitored by the international community to establish a democracy (B) elections must be conducted by the government in power to establish a democracy (C) elections must be free and open to the majority of the population to establish a democracy (D) elections must be conducted by governments of other nations to establish a democracy (E) elections must be held on an annual basis to establish a democracy

1983, after years of political instability, Argentina reinstituted a democratic government, indicating that (C) elections must be free and open to the majority of the population to establish a democracy

206. A buffer state is a politically neutral state that lies between two more powerful states and acts (A) to enhance both states' political powers (B) as a taxing authority for both states (C) to balance power between the two states (D) to minimize the religious authority of major institutions (E) to stop immigrants from traveling to the larger of the two states

A buffer state is a politically neutral state that lies between two more powerful states and acts (C) to balance power between the two states

202. A confederacy or union between states is most likely to arise in (A) a federal state (B) a unitary state (C) a puppet state (D) a monarchy (E) a Communist state

A confederacy or union between states is most likely to arise in (A) a federal state

215. A conflict over the sharing of the water in the Kaveri River between the south Indian states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu would best be classified as (A) an allocational boundary dispute (B) a locational boundary dispute (C) an operational boundary dispute (D) a definitional boundary dispute (E) a genetic boundary dispute

A conflict over the sharing of the water in the Kaveri River between the south Indian states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu would best be classified as (A) an allocational boundary dispute

220. A country that contains many environmental zones, such as coast, mountains, and desert, is likely to have residents who are (A) opposed to modernization and technology (B) politically active (C) members of religions that are also found in neighboring countries (D) ethnically similar (E) socially and politically separate

A country that contains many environmental zones, such as coast, mountains, and desert, is likely to have residents who are (E) socially and politically separate

253. A country undergoing the transition from a dictatorship to a democracy must provide its citizens with (A) monetary reparations (B) water rights (C) civil liberties (D) firepower (E) diplomatic immunity

A country undergoing the transition from a dictatorship to a democracy must provide its citizens with (C) civil liberties

210. A federal government could engage in inclusionary territoriality (A) centralizing all political and financial activities (B) requiring persons crossing its borders to show state-issued identification (C) agreeing with member states of a customs union to lower taxes on certain goods (D) providing citizenship to members of a particular ethnic group (E) donating a portion of its mineral resources to neighboring states

A federal government could engage in inclusionary territoriality (D) providing citizenship to members of a particular ethnic group

200. A federal state is likely to possess (A) citizens who favor democratic elections (B) a leader with the power to revise the country's constitution (C) a large amount of mineral resources (D) multiple systems of checks and balances (E) a king and queen

A federal state is likely to possess (D) multiple systems of checks and balances

222. A nation-state is most often defined by its twin attributes of sovereignty and (A) religious tolerance (B) social democracy (C) ethnic homogeneity (D) economic prosperity (E) a strong antiterrorist policy

A nation-state is most often defined by its twin attributes of sovereignty and (C) ethnic homogeneity

224. A political leader might seek to make his or her country conform to the traditional concept of a nation-state by (A) demanding representation in the United Nations (B) openly encouraging civil disobedience (C) instituting a bicameral system of legislature (D) using the popular media to promote the idea of a national culture (E) advocating a policy of multiculturalism

A political leader might seek to make his or her country conform to the traditional concept of a nation-state by (D) using the popular media to promote the idea of a national culture

216. A separation fence, such as that which exists on the territory between India and Pakistan, is most often used to demarcate (A) a cease-fire line (B) a cross-border region (C) a linguistic border D) an annexed zone (E) a decolonized territory

A separation fence, such as that which exists on the territory between India and Pakistan, is most often used to demarcate (A) a cease-fire line

246. A supranational resolution is one that is signed by (A) a group of powerful states within a nation (B) a group of different nations (C) a group of territories that belong to a nation (D) a group of counties within a state (E) a group of businesses within a nation

A supranational resolution is one that is signed by (B) a group of different nations

201. Although the United Kingdom is divided into several countries—England Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland—it constitutes (A) a puppet state (B) a Communist state (C) a federal state (D) a single-party state (E) a unitary state

Although the United Kingdom is divided into several countries—England Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland—it constitutes (E) a unitary state

259. An agreement between two neighboring governments that would grant many members of a certain ethnic group citizenship to both countries would be likely to lead to (A) unification of this ethnic community (B) fragmentation of this ethnic community (C) assimilation of this ethnic community (D) dispersal of this ethnic community (E) destruction of this ethnic community

An agreement between two neighboring governments that would grant many members of a certain ethnic group citizenship to both countries would be likely to lead to (A) unification of this ethnic community

72. An earlier boundary formed before meticulous geographic knowledge and mapping was available is known as A. an antecedent boundary B. a geometric boundary C. a relict boundary D. a subsequent boundary E. a natural boundary

An earlier boundary formed before meticulous geographic knowledge and mapping was available is known as A. an antecedent boundary

240. Australia is a union rather than an alliance because its states are governed by (A) a United Nations security force (B) a common constitution (C) common police forces (D) the British Parliament (E) members of two opposing political parties

Australia is a union rather than an alliance because its states are governed by (B) a common constitution

260. Basque groups could directly force a devolution of the Spanish government by (A) forming an alliance with Basque groups in other nations (B) gaining political control over certain areas of Spain (C) participating in a global economic forum (D) electing a Basque president (E) voicing their political concerns in a meeting of Spain's Senate

Basque groups could directly force a devolution of the Spanish government by (B) gaining political control over certain areas of Spain

245. Before the 1960's, India's caste system was a powerful social force, and partly explained the country's (A) extreme political fragmentation (B) identity as a secular nation (C) continued political alliance with China (D) unification after the end of British rule (E) fight not to be conquered by Muslim rulers

Before the 1960's, India's caste system was a powerful social force, and partly explained the country's (A) extreme political fragmentation

249. Between the 15th and 19th centuries, a multitude of European nations engaged in imperialism in India primarily by (A) requiring all citizens to convert to Islam (B) developing computer technology and the Internet (C) instituting a group of chartered trading companies (D) engaging in a series of intense air battles with Indian forces (E) educating African immigrants in India

Between the 15th and 19th centuries, a multitude of European nations engaged in imperialism in India primarily by (C) instituting a group of chartered trading companies

251. Between the 18th and 20th centuries, the national governments of the United States and Canada employed an imperialist policy of developing land for new immigrants, and (A) removing indigenous groups to reservations (B) granting indigenous groups the right to tax national governments (C) mandating that indigenous groups protect monuments of cultural heritage (D) requiring indigenous groups to build national railroads (E) providing indigenous groups with firepower

Between the 18th and 20th centuries, the national governments of the United States and Canada employed an imperialist policy of developing land for new immigrants, and (A) removing indigenous groups to reservations

232. Both domestic and international acts of terror are defined as terrorism because both (A) have the effect of intimidating a group of people through violence (B) can be perpetrated by groups that believe in civil disobedience (C) have been outlawed by antiterrorist legislation (D) can be traced to radical religious doctrines (E) are organized through digital communication such as e-mail

Both domestic and international acts of terror are defined as terrorism because both (A) have the effect of intimidating a group of people through violence

12. Boundary problems along the United States-Mexico border are caused by which type of issue below? A. ownership of fertile ground B. on continental margins C. in the desert D. in the tropical lowlands and river valleys E. at higher elevations

Boundary problems along the United States-Mexico border are caused by which type of issue below? E. at higher elevations

198. Cities along national borders often contain evidence of the interdependence that exists between two countries, which is demonstrated on an individual level by residents of these cities who (A) frequently tell stories about the two countries (B) frequently migrate between the two countries (C) frequently pass legislation regarding the two countries (D) frequently work only in one country (E) frequently are tourists in a third country

Cities along national borders often contain evidence of the interdependence that exists between two countries, which is demonstrated on an individual level by residents of these cities who (B) frequently migrate between the two countries

257. Democratization can be a slow process, with a common step between the acceptance of an authoritarian government and the election of a president or prime minister being (A) the colonization of an island nation (B) the recognition of a divine monarchy (C) the elimination of the judicial branch (D) the establishment of a legislative body (E) the transition to an information-based economy

Democratization can be a slow process, with a common step between the acceptance of an authoritarian government and the election of a president or prime minister being (D) the establishment of a legislative body

217. During the 20th century, the collapse of intricate political networks, such as existed in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), led to the understanding that (A) strong economic ties are necessary to overcome major ethnic differences (B) trade partners should not work together to develop alternative energy sources (C) nations should eliminate their trade tariffs to encourage economic security (D) environmental justice campaigns fail to adequately identify the hardest-hit areas (E) politicians must implement global, rather than local, antiterrorist policies

During the 20th century, the collapse of intricate political networks, such as existed in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), led to the understanding that (A) strong economic ties are necessary to overcome major ethnic differences

238. Electoral geographers study how people in an area are likely to vote, which can be most conclusively linked to the (A) physical landscape of the area (B) election monitors that visit the area (C) ballots that the people use in the area (D) ethnicity of populations outside the area (E) national media coverage of the area

Electoral geographers study how people in an area are likely to vote, which can be most conclusively linked to the (A) physical landscape of the area

228. Gerrymandering is a practice in which a political party attempts to gain an unequal advantage by (A) nominating a candidate who challenges the state's constitution (B) advocating that the electoral college be replaced by the popular vote (C) changing the boundaries of a legislative district (D) electing a party chairperson who is a friend of the current president (E) seeking the support of labor unions

Gerrymandering is a practice in which a political party attempts to gain an unequal advantage by (C) changing the boundaries of a legislative district

214. In democratic nations, legislators and political parties typically redraw boundaries for voting districts after the release of data from (A) a national geographical survey (B) a state public opinion poll (C) a state primary election (D) a national census (E) a national study on spending patterns

In democratic nations, legislators and political parties typically redraw boundaries for voting districts after the release of data from (D) a national census

247. In the New World, many colonists used religion to convert indigenous groups with the aim of (A) developing indigenous groups' rights to mineral resources (B) allowing indigenous groups to fight for access to deep forests (C) helping indigenous groups to develop new technologies (D) encouraging indigenous groups to practice forms of traditional medicine (E) requiring indigenous groups to engage in forced labor

In the New World, many colonists used religion to convert indigenous groups with the aim of (E) requiring indigenous groups to engage in forced labor

36. In what country are the most Basque speakers found? (A) Denmark (B) Finland (C) Luxembourg (D) Spain (E) Germany

In what country are the most Basque speakers found? (D) Spain

241. Large countries such as Canada have used devolution to allow populations in distant, resource-rich areas to (A) gain representation in the national parliament in exchange for a share of the resources (B) engage in more self—government in exchange for a share of the resources (C) determine international borders for their areas in exchange for a share of the resources (D) select the official language of the nation in exchange for a share of the resources (E) participate in global economic forums in exchange for a share of the resources

Large countries such as Canada have used devolution to allow populations in distant, resource-rich areas to (B) engage in more self—government in exchange for a share of the resources

195. Many borders act to create cultural distance between people of the same ethnic group, a phenomenon that most often leads to (A) the militarization of that ethnic group (B) the fragmentation of that ethnic group (C) the unification of that ethnic group (D) the blending of that ethnic group with at least two other ethnic groups (E) the political rise of that ethnic group

Many borders act to create cultural distance between people of the same ethnic group, a phenomenon that most often leads to (B) the fragmentation of that ethnic group

205. Most of the world's unitary states can be found on the continents of (A) North America and South America (B) Africa and Asia (C) Australia and Europe (D) Antarctica and North America (E) Australia and South America

Most of the world's unitary states can be found on the continents of (B) Africa and Asia

68. NATO and the Warsaw Pact can be best described as A. regional organizations based on economic cooperation B. early attempts at free-market zones in Europe C. partners in combating irredentism in the former Yugoslavia D. military allies during World War II E. supranational organizations based on military cooperation

NATO and the Warsaw Pact can be best described as E. supranational organizations based on military cooperation

244. Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) often motivate the global community to limit the sovereign powers of states by publicizing data indicating the states (A) refused to participate in the global economy (B) violated the human rights of their citizens (C) failed to provide refugees with legal counselors (D) have not created national constitutions (E) have not developed any environmental policies

Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) often motivate the global community to limit the sovereign powers of states by publicizing data indicating the states (B) violated the human rights of their citizens

212. One example of a geometric political boundary is the (A) cultural divide between Creole and Cajun communities in New Orleans, Louisiana (B) straight line of the George Washington Bridge between New York and New Jersey (C) sharp ascent of the Sierra Nevada (D) curve of Ohio's coast around Lake Erie (E) straight line between the states of Colorado and Kansas

One example of a geometric political boundary is the (E) straight line between the states of Colorado and Kansas

236. One of the classic examples of supranationalism is the European Union (EU), because this body of member states has (A) transferred some of its powers to a central authority (B) invested all of its power in a prime minister (C) a single annual election (D) a single intergovernmental bank (E) required its member states not to sign international treaties

One of the classic examples of supranationalism is the European Union (EU), because this body of member states has (A) transferred some of its powers to a central authority

234. One of the most notable acts to limit a nation's sovereignty took place after World War II, when some of the countries that had made up the Allied forces (A) awarded political asylum to German citizens who had cared for war orphans (B) elected a prime minister for Germany (C) used Germany's ports for commercial ventures (D) conducted a series of military tribunals in Germany (E) destroyed Germany's capital city

One of the most notable acts to limit a nation's sovereignty took place after World War II, when some of the countries that had made up the Allied forces (D) conducted a series of military tribunals in Germany

51. Part of the boundary between the United States and Mexico is the Rio Grande, an example of (A) a water divider. (B) a watercourse. (C) an artificial boundary. (D) a natural boundary. (E) a relict boundary.

Part of the boundary between the United States and Mexico is the Rio Grande, an example of (D) a natural boundary.

254. Participatory democracy in the United States increased after the Civil War due to (A) the development of voting rights for African Americans (B) the development of property rights for African Americans (C) the development of property rights for Asian Americans (D) the development of voting rights for women (E) the development of property rights for women

Participatory democracy in the United States increased after the Civil War due to (A) the development of voting rights for African Americans

209. People divide a continent into regional trade blocs primarily to (A) increase the amount of fair trade (B) promote the goal of global free trade (C) strengthen economic ties between member states (D) form cultural links between former military enemies (E) Weaken the influence of communism

People divide a continent into regional trade blocs primarily to (C) strengthen economic ties between member states

213. Political boundaries existed in the ancient world and were often maintained by small groups at (A) agricultural storehouses (B) defensive fortresses (C) scientific research stations (D) open—air marketplaces (E) seasonal hunting camps

Political boundaries existed in the ancient world and were often maintained by small groups at (B) defensive fortresses

243. Political cleavages, significant differences that determine how individuals will cast their vote in an election, typically (A) are found only in former dictatorships (B) have primarily been studied in Asian countries (C) vary widely, ranging from religion to place of residence (D) are linked only to economic class (E) cannot be found in countries that were previously Communist states

Political cleavages, significant differences that determine how individuals will cast their vote in an election, typically (C) vary widely, ranging from religion to place of residence

258. Since the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) collapsed, the majority of smaller nations that the USSR formerly aided have (A) completely eliminated their sovereign powers (B) assigned their sovereign powers to other countries (C) strengthened their sovereign powers (D) reduced their number of sovereign powers (E) failed to develop any sovereign powers

Since the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) collapsed, the majority of smaller nations that the USSR formerly aided have (C) strengthened their sovereign powers

199. Some countries, such as India and Nepal, have treaties that allow citizens to live, work, and travel freely in both lands, a practice that typically leads to the development of (A) opposing national identities (B) fluid national identities (C) rigid national identities (D) postindustrial national identities (E) Communist national identities

Some countries, such as India and Nepal, have treaties that allow citizens to live, work, and travel freely in both lands, a practice that typically leads to the development of (B) fluid national identities

256. Some geographers argue that a nation in political turmoil can become a democracy more quickly if foreign governments use their military power to influence the nation's affairs. They often cite as a primary example (A) China following the Boxer Rebellion (B) Germany following World War II (C) Ireland following the Troubles (D) Pakistan following the partition of India (E) Haiti following World War I

Some geographers argue that a nation in political turmoil can become a democracy more quickly if foreign governments use their military power to influence the nation's affairs. (B) Germany following World War II

248. Spain colonized much of Central and South America, yet in the 19th century, the end result of these efforts was (A) a war between Spain and its territories in North Africa (B) a war between Central America and the largest nations in South America (C) a series of government strikes in Spain and Portugal (D) a series of revolutionary movements in Central and South America (E) the unification of Spain's Central American and South American colonies

Spain colonized much of Central and South America, yet in the 19th century, the end result of these efforts was (D) a series of revolutionary movements in Central and South America

66. State-sponsored terrorism has occurred recently in which of the following countries? A. Rwanda B. United States C. Canada D. Spain E. Bahrain

State-sponsored terrorism has occurred recently in which of the following countries? A. Rwanda

208. Territoriality is the practice of creating geographic boundaries in response to social and political conditions and typically acts to (A) separate different populations by culture (B) reaffirm ethnic ties between different populations (C) stop the sharing of languages and religions between two neighboring ethnic groups (D) link the economies of two neighboring countries (E) strengthen trade relations between wealthy and less wealthy nations

Territoriality is the practice of creating geographic boundaries in response to social and political conditions and typically acts to (A) separate different populations by culture

229. The Arab League, an international organization of Arab countries, limits the sovereign power of its member states by (A) planning joint attacks on common enemies (B) promoting tourism in member states (C) coordinating free trade agreements among member states (D) funding the building of wells in member states (E) failing to count the number of literate citizens in member states

The Arab League, an international organization of Arab countries, limits the sovereign power of its member states by (C) coordinating free trade agreements among member states

24. The European Union (EU) replaced which of the following organizations? (A) NATO (B) EEC (C) UN (D) ASEAN (E) NAFTA

The European Union (EU) replaced which of the following organizations? (B) EEC

235. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is one of the world's most powerful (A) atomic energy commissions (B) military alliances (C) trade organizations (D) fiscal unions (E) cultural heritage councils

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is one of the world's most powerful (B) military alliances

19. The Philippines and Indonesia are each an example of (A) a perforated state. (B) a fragmented state. (C) an elongated state. (D) a prorupted state. (E) a compact state.

The Philippines and Indonesia are each an example of (B) a fragmented state.

41. The Rhine River is an example of which type of boundary? A. Geometric B. artificial C. natural D. relic E. subsequent

The Rhine River is an example of which type of boundary? C. natural

239. The United Nations has a policy of using economic and military sanctions to limit the sovereign powers of (A) only contested states (B) humanitarian organizations such as the Red Cross (C) any country that disrupts international peace (D) only its member states (E) territories of nonmember states

The United Nations has a policy of using economic and military sanctions to limit the sovereign powers of (C) any country that disrupts international peace

19. The border characteristics of political regions are A. considered fuzzy B. overlapping other regions C. measurable transition zones D. finite delineations E. vernacular in popular definition

The border characteristics of political regions are D. finite delineations

203. The centralized power of a unitary state is most likely to be threatened by the development of (A) a self-governing region (B) a broad trade agreement with a neighboring state (C) a constitution that requires citizens to be born within the state (D) voting districts that divide large rural areas (E) a new religion found only within the state

The centralized power of a unitary state is most likely to be threatened by the development of (A) a self-governing region

39. The countries of Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands are considered all of the following EXCEPT A. founding members of the European Economic Community (later the EU) B. states with high Total Fertility Rates (TFR) C. the Benalux countries D. states with high per capita gross national products (GNP) E. founding members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

The countries of Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands are considered all of the following EXCEPT B. states with high Total Fertility Rates (TFR)

264. The end of the Cold War provided electoral geographers with the first opportunity to study modern political cleavages in A) Canada and Australia (B) Poland and the Czech Republic (C) the United States and Mexico (D) France and the United Kingdom (E) Jamaica and Bermuda

The end of the Cold War provided electoral geographers with the first opportunity to study modern political cleavages in (B) Poland and the Czech Republic

262. The formation of a federation, particularly one in which two previously separate countries put aside their political differences, involves an act of (A) exile (B) defense (C) opposition (D) unification (E) comparison

The formation of a federation, particularly one in which two previously separate countries put aside their political differences, involves an act of (D) unification

230. The fragmentation of the Roman Empire that occurred between the first and third centuries BCE most likely led to (A) the acquisition of new territories by the empire (B) the destabilization of the empire's outer frontiers (C) the homogenization of the empire's largest cities (D) the abolishment of slavery in regions beyond the empire (E) the development of agricultural lands within the empire's smaller cities

The fragmentation of the Roman Empire that occurred between the first and third centuries BCE most likely led to (E) the development of agricultural lands within the empire's smaller cities

211. The geographic boundary of a state can also be a physical boundary, such as (A) a religious movement (B) a lake or mountain (C) a language barrier (D) a type of currency (E) a national dish

The geographic boundary of a state can also be a physical boundary, such as (B) a lake or mountain

225. The government's role in the development of a nation-state is critical because the government is required to (A) protect its borders and resolve any internal conflicts (B) locate and restore lost items of cultural heritage (C) serve as an intermediary to resolve conflicts between its religious leaders (D) prevent the exportation of local agricultural products (E) take part in international talks regarding economic globalization

The government's role in the development of a nation-state is critical because the government is required to (A) protect its borders and resolve any internal conflicts

261. The lack of political unity among nations in the Middle East makes it difficult for these countries to (A) form any economic alliances (B) attend meetings of the United Nations Security Council (C) participate in global environmental forums (D) develop their respective urban areas (E) address supranational issues in the region

The lack of political unity among nations in the Middle East makes it difficult for these countries to (E) address supranational issues in the region

227. The leader of a nation-state would be likely to reject an intergovernmental action that (A) recognized a unique cultural monument within the nation-state (B) formed the foundation of a peace agreement (C) promoted the concept of self-governance (D) added protections for existing maritime borders (E) required land to be swapped between itself and another country

The leader of a nation-state would be likely to reject an intergovernmental action that (E) required land to be swapped between itself and another country

75. The practice of drawing the boundaries of voting districts to give an unfair advantage of one political party is called A. separatism B. gerrymandering C. containment D. domino theory E. redistricting

The practice of drawing the boundaries of voting districts to give an unfair advantage of one political party is called B. gerrymandering

219. The practice termed environmental racism involves a majority population using political representation to (A) request funding for alternative energy sources (B) remove toxic waste to sites that are far from its residential communities and businesses and often located near minority populations (C) demand that public parks and natural preserves be segregated (D) require cleanup efforts to take place in minority communities (E) propose legislation that does not adversely affect minority communities

The practice termed environmental racism involves a majority population using political representation to (B) remove toxic waste to sites that are far from its residential communities and businesses and often located near minority populations

197. The presence of a national boundary between two cities has the potential to decrease the amount of trade that occurs between them if (A) the two countries in which the cities are located have tariffs on certain goods (B) the two countries in which the cities are located are party to a free trade agreement (C) the two countries in which the cities are located do not share a common port (D) the two countries in which the cities are located are both clients of the World Bank (E) the two countries in which the cities are located are connected by expressways

The presence of a national boundary between two cities has the potential to decrease the amount of trade that occurs between them if (A) the two countries in which the cities are located have tariffs on certain goods

56. The process of gerrymandering is best described by A. the establishment of new city, county or state governments more favorable to business interests and wealthy citizens B. the creation of new voting districts that have irregular boundaries designed to favor a particular candidate or political party C. the delineation of areas where insurance companies do not wish to sell policies to homeowners due to race, ethnicity or income differences D. the expansion of city limit boundaries to include new suburbs and areas of city utility infrastructure E. the random overlapping of public service districts where the boundaries of school systems, public utility services and political boundaries do not match

The process of gerrymandering is best described by B. the creation of new voting districts that have irregular boundaries designed to favor a particular candidate or political party

64. The purpose for the creation of NATO was to A. defend North America and Western Europe against the threat of communism B. form an economic alliance for trade between Europe and North America C. defend Europe against a second Nazi invasion D. defend northern Europe against Chinese missiles E. form a binding peace treaty for all Europe.

The purpose for the creation of NATO was to A. defend North America and Western Europe against the threat of communism

233. The study of electoral geography is best conducted in (A) democratic states (B) Communist states (C) dictatorships (D) monarchies (E) territories and colonies

The study of electoral geography is best conducted in (A) democratic states

57. The theory that whoever controlled the landmass of Europe would rule the world is called the A. devolution theory B. domino theory C. heartland theory D. rimland theory E. containment theory

The theory that whoever controlled the landmass of Europe would rule the world is called the C. heartland theory

40. The time frame of decolonization in Africa during which most states became independent of European control was A. 1810's-1830's B. 1890's C. 1914-1948 D. 1945-1948 E. 1960's-1990's

The time frame of decolonization in Africa during which most states became independent of European control was E. 1960's-1990's

6. The voluntary association of three of more countries willing to give up some measure of sovereignty is called (A) nationalism. (B) devolution. (C) supranationalism. (D) complementarity. (E) transferability

The voluntary association of three of more countries willing to give up some measure of sovereignty is called C) supranationalism.

207. Today, nations act to establish control over disputed areas of the sea primarily by (A) charting endangered species in uninhabited coastal areas (B) attending international conventions on maritime law (C) mapping uncharted areas of the world's oceans using advanced technology (D) engaging in economic activities in coastal areas and open waters (E) allocating funding to increase the size of their naval forces

Today, nations act to establish control over disputed areas of the sea primarily by (D) engaging in economic activities in coastal areas and open waters

196. Transnational migrants and immigrants maintain human networks primarily by (A) remaining in contact with persons from their country of origin (B) petitioning federal governments to prohibit human trafficking (C) failing to adopt the customs of their new homeland (D) establishing small businesses in urban areas (E) becoming citizens of their new homelands within a few years after becoming expatriates

Transnational migrants and immigrants maintain human networks primarily by (A) remaining in contact with persons from their country of origin

252. Western imperialist policies of the 20th and 21st centuries have been most deeply influenced by (A) South African imperialism (B) Belgian imperialism (C) German imperialism (D) Portuguese imperialism (E) British imperialism

Western imperialist policies of the 20th and 21st centuries have been most deeply influenced by (E) British imperialism

60. What type of countries generally possesses a greater variety of climates, and resources than other countries? (A) Perforated states (B) Fragmented states (C) Elongated states (D) Prorupted states (E) Compact states

What type of countries generally possesses a greater variety of climates, and resources than other countries? (C) Elongated states

263. When a nation possesses a resource that its neighbors desire, the neighboring nations are likely try to gain control of the resource by (A) assisting the nation in question in developing more sovereign powers (B) advocating that no nation in the region possess sovereign powers (C) limiting the nation in question from utilizing its existing sovereign powers (D) participating in a global council to determine the nature of sovereign powers (E) educating their citizens about the importance of sovereign powers

When a nation possesses a resource that its neighbors desire, the neighboring nations are likely try to gain control of the resource by (C) limiting the nation in question from utilizing its existing sovereign powers

218. When a nation undergoes a revolution, there is a high likelihood that its citizens will leave the country, causing (A) an increase in trade tariffs in neighboring countries (B) an increase in the mechanization of labor in neighboring countries C) an increase in environmental equity in neighboring countries (D) an increase in ethnic diversity in neighboring countries (E) an increase in economic stability in neighboring countries ago

When a nation undergoes a revolution, there is a high likelihood that its citizens will leave the country, causing (D) an increase in ethnic diversity in neighboring countries

231. When a sovereign state undergoes the political process of devolution, it grants some of the powers of (A) its local governments to its state governments (B) its central government to the government of another country (C) its local governments to its central government (D) its central government to its regional governments (E) its colonies to its central government

When a sovereign state undergoes the political process of devolution, it grants some of the powers of (D) its central government to its regional governments

242. When an act of terrorism occurs within a democratic country, a common response by the national government is to (A) limit the powers of the president or prime minister (B) limit the number of children a couple is allowed to have (C) limit the number of individuals who receive government grants (D) limit the civil liberties of citizens and noncitizens (E) limit the funding of agencies that police criminal activity

When an act of terrorism occurs within a democratic country, a common response by the national government is to (D) limit the civil liberties of citizens and noncitizens

204. When several unitary states choose to become one state, their initial attempt to govern themselves is likely to take the form of (A) a series of colonizations (B) a series of civil wars (C) a series of annexations of territory (D) a series of treaties (E) a series of redistricting efforts

When several unitary states choose to become one state, their initial attempt to govern themselves is likely to take the form of (D) a series of treaties

221. When two states begin to compete with one another economically, they are most likely to become (A) trade partners (B) politically unstable (C) political antagonists (D) multicultural democracies (E) colonies of large empires

When two states begin to compete with one another economically, they are most likely to become (C) political antagonists

250. Which group of people tends to link the people of a colonizing country and the people of a colony? (A) A tribe indigenous to the colony (B) A hired foreign military force (C) Settlers from the colonizing country (D) Slaves from a third country (E) Diplomats of an international organization

Which group of people tends to link the people of a colonizing country and the people of a colony? (C) Settlers from the colonizing country

13. Which of the following countries does NOT have a wellknown example of a relict boundary? A. Vietnam B. United Kingdom C. Germany D. China E. Bolivia

Which of the following countries does NOT have a wellknown example of a relict boundary? E. Bolivia

223. Which of the following agreements most heavily influenced the development of the idea of the nation-state? (A) The Geneva Accords (B) The Peace of Westphalia (C) The European Union (EU) treaties (D) The United States' Treaties of Amity and Commerce with different European nations (E) The Strategic Arms Limitation Treaties I and II (SALT I and II)

Which of the following agreements most heavily influenced the development of the idea of the nation-state? (B) The Peace of Westphalia

237. Which of the following events could be mapped using geographic mapping techniques to illustrate how terrorism affects communities? (A) The stages of antiterrorist legislation before it is passed into law (B) The stories of how would-be terrorists were convinced not to carry out suicide attacks C) The migration of survivors of an urban bombing attack to an empty rural area (D) A technical description of how improvised explosive devices (IEDs) work (E) A determination of which of two cities will rebuild after a civil war

Which of the following events could be mapped using geographic mapping techniques to illustrate how terrorism affects communities? C) The migration of survivors of an urban bombing attack to an empty rural area

226. Which of the following events has the most potential to determine whether a nation will remain a nation-state? (A) A rejection of capitalism (B) A reduction in the availability of mineral resources (C) A large influx of immigrants (D) A development of a national scientific research program (E) A sudden natural disaster

Which of the following events has the most potential to determine whether a nation will remain a nation-state? (C) A large influx of immigrants

49. Which of the following is NOT a key milestone reached by the EU? (A) The introduction of a common currency used by many EU countries (B) A customs union (C) A single market (D) A common European language (E) Broad support of the Kyoto Protocol

Which of the following is NOT a key milestone reached by the EU? (D) A common European language

62. Which of the following statements best describes the United Nations? (A) The UN operates a worldwide police force. (B) Member states surrender sovereignty to the UN. (C) World laws are enforced by the UN. (D) UN membership includes all countries. (E) The UN often practices interventionism in world conflicts

Which of the following statements best describes the United Nations? (E) The UN often practices interventionism in world conflicts

31. Which one of the following organizations is NOT a supranational organization? (A) UN (B) NATO (C) ASEAN (D) NAFTA (E) PLO

Which one of the following organizations is NOT a supranational organization? (E) PLO

48. Which theory below was used as justification for US involvement in Vietnam in the 1960's and 1970's? A. development B. colonialism C. heartland theory D. rimland theory E. containment theory

Which theory below was used as justification for US involvement in Vietnam in the 1960's and 1970's? E. containment theory

9. Workers freely moving between member states within the European Union and the elimination of customs inspections for cars, trucks and trains moving between the EU member states are results of: a.) the removal of tariffs b.) the development of the European Coal and Steel Community c.) open-boarder policies d.) the monetary union and use of the Euro e.) judicial decisions of the European Court of Human Rights

Workers freely moving between member states within the European Union and the elimination of customs inspections for cars, trucks and trains moving between the EU member states are results of: c.) open-boarder policies