Chapter 8 Ethical, Social, and Political Issues M/C

25) Which ethical principle tells you that it is wise to assume perfect information markets? A) the Golden Rule B) the New York Times test C) the Social Contract rule D) the Collective Utilitarian principle

B

22) Which ethical principle asks you to assume that virtually all tangible and intangible objects are owned by someone else unless there is a specific declaration otherwise? A) the Golden Rule B) the Slippery Slope C) the Social Contract rule D) No Free Lunch

D

48) All of the following are factors that will be considered in determining whether use of copyrighted material is "fair use" except the: A) nature of the work used. B) amount of the work used. C) market effect of the use. D) free availability of the work on the Web.

D

59) Registering a domain name similar or identical to trademarks of others to divert Web traffic to their own sites is an example of: A) cybersquatting. B) cyberpiracy. C) framing. D) metatagging.

B

61) Critics have pointed out that the Chrome browser's Suggest button, which suggests queries based on search terms entered by the user, is in fact, a type of: A) worm. B) PUP. C) key logger. D) malware.

C

62) The display of a third-party's Web site or page within your own Web site is called: A) cybersquatting. B) metatagging. C) framing. D) deep linking.

C

36) A social consequence of the richness of Internet information is: A) an increase in shallowness. B) an increase in the ease of creating misleading information. C) very persuasive messages might reduce the need for multiple independent sources of information. D) an increase in vulnerability to hacking attacks.

C

52) Which of the following allows someone to obtain an exclusive monopoly on the ideas behind an invention for 20 years? A) copyright law B) trade secret law C) patent law D) trademark law

C

46) How long does copyright protection extend for corporate-owned works? A) 25 years B) 50 years C) 75 years D) 95 years

D

58) All of the following are data elements that are often gathered by e-commerce sites except: A) family member identities. B) photograph. C) location. D) address.

A

23) Which ethical principle states that if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, then it is not right to take at all? A) Universalism B) the Slippery Slope C) the Social Contract rule D) the Golden Rule

B

26) Which ethical principle states that when confronted with an ethical dilemma, an individual should take the action that produces the least harm, or the least potential cost? A) the Slippery Slope B) Risk Aversion C) No Free Lunch D) the Collective Utilitarian principle

B

51) All of the following statements about the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) are true except: A) the DMCA makes it illegal to circumvent technological measures to protect works. B) the DMCA makes Internet Service Providers (ISPs) responsible and accountable for hosting Web sites or providing services to infringers regardless of whether the ISP is aware of infringement. C) the DMCA requires search engines to block access to infringing sites. D) the DMCA allows libraries to make digital copies of works for internal use only.

B

54) Which case was instrumental in paving the way for Internet business methods patents? A) Brown Bag v. Symantec B) State Street Bank & Trust Co. v. Signature Financial Group, Inc. C) Ford Motor Co. v. Lapertosa D) Ticketmaster Corp. v. Tickets.com

B

60) Registering the domain name goggle.com with the intent to divert Web traffic from people misspelling google.com is an example of: A) cybersquatting. B) typosquatting. C) metatagging. D) linking.

B

63) Which of the following statements about e-commerce surveillance is not true? A) Government agencies are one of the largest users of personal data gathered by commercial data brokers. B) Google discards search information after 12 months. C) The largest private-sector commercial data broker is Acxiom. D) Commercial brokers of personal data combine personal identifying records with legal records such as driving records and clickstream behavior.

B

29) Which of the following tools can companies use to track user statements and views on newsgroups, chat groups, and other public forums? A) cookies B) digital wallets C) search engines D) shopping carts

C

30) Which of the following can be used to record all keyboard activity of a user? A) shopping carts B) trusted computing environments C) spyware D) DRM

C

47) Which of the following situations would not qualify for the fair use exception to U.S. copyright law? A) A professor clips a newspaper article just before class and distributes copies of it to his class. B) A journalist quotes a paragraph from a book in a review of the book. C) A student copies a photograph of his favorite band from a Web site created by the band's record label and places it on the student's personal Web site. D) Google posts thumbnail images of books in the Google Book Search Project.

C

42) Which of the following technologies allows you to send e-mail without a trace? A) anonymous surfing B) P3P C) anonymous remailers D) public key encryption

C

55) Amazon has a patent on: A) download-based sales. B) display of third-party advertisements in floating windows. C) one-click purchasing. D) hyperlinks.

C

19) What is the first step in analyzing an ethical dilemma? A) Define the conflict or dilemma and identify the higher-order values involved. B) Identify the potential consequences of your opinions. C) Identify the options you can reasonably take. D) Identify and describe the facts.

D

56) Disputes over federal trademarks involve establishing: A) underlying ideas. B) intent. C) piracy. D) infringement.

D

64) Which of the following is not one of the four stages of e-commerce governance? A) government regulation B) self-regulation C) privatization D) deregulation

D

32) Google's Gmail advertising has raised concerns about which of the following issues? A) privacy B) copyright C) trademark D) patents

A

16) Which of the following e-commerce technology dimensions creates greater opportunities for cyberbullying? A) richness B) interactivity C) social technology D) ubiquity

C

20) Which ethical principle states that, when confronted with an ethical dilemma, individuals should take the action that achieves the greater value for all of society? A) the Golden Rule B) Universalism C) the Collective Utilitarian principle D) the Social Contract rule

C

17) Which of the following e-commerce technology dimensions has the potential to reduce cultural diversity in products? A) richness B) interactivity C) information density D) global reach

D

31) Which of the following is not one of the issues complicating the taxation of e-commerce sales? A) Taxes raised are used for different government purposes. B) Sales taxes and policies vary by state and country. C) Retailers legally only have to charge sales tax if they have operations located in the same state as a consumer. D) Small online businesses are unable to manage sales taxes to thousands of different jurisdictions.

A

43) Which pricing plan charges fees to e-commerce firms based on the amount of traffic they generate? A) highway pricing B) cap pricing C) usage-based billing D) congestion pricing

A

44) What is the major reason that the Internet has such potential for destroying traditional conceptions and implementations of intellectual property law? A) the ability to make perfect copies of digital works at little cost B) the anonymous nature of the Internet C) the support for instant peer-to-peer communication D) the use of standards for file formats

A

65) Which of the following statements about social, local, and mobile privacy is not true? A) A single Facebook photograph can be used to identify the subject's social security number with the use of facial recognition software. B) iOS and Android apps funnel personal location information, photos, and address books to mobile advertisers. C) Google and Apple track and record how users interact with the apps on users' smartphones. D) To date, there is no legal prohibition of the collection and sharing of personal data sent through mobile phones.

C

27) Which of the following basic ethical concepts plays an important role in defining privacy? A) responsibility B) accountability C) liability D) due process

D

28) ________ is collected data that can be used to identify and locate an individual. A) A personal profile B) P3P C) Anonymous information D) PII

D

57) Registering a domain name similar or identical to trademarks of others to extort profits from legitimate holders is an example of: A) cybersquatting. B) cyberpiracy. C) framing. D) metatagging.

A

45) Which of the following protects original forms of expression in a tangible medium? A) trade secret law B) copyright law C) patent law D) trademark law

B

49) Downloading music tracks owned by record companies without paying for them is an example of a violation of: A) patent law. B) copyright law. C) trademark law. D) privacy law.

B

18) Which of the following is not one of the four basic principles shared by ethical schools of thought in western culture? A) accountability B) privacy C) due process D) liability

B

24) Which ethical principle asks you to consider the impact of your decision if the principles underlying your decision became an organizing principle of the entire society? A) the Golden Rule B) Risk Aversion C) the Slippery Slope D) the Social Contract rule

D

21) Which ethical principle emphasizes putting oneself into the place of others and thinking of oneself as the object of the decision? A) the Golden Rule B) Universalism C) the Collective Utilitarian principle D) the Social Contract rule

A

50) All of the following are possible penalties for violating the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) except: A) up to ten years imprisonment for a first offense. B) fines up to $500,000 for a first offense. C) fines up to $1 million for a repeat offense. D) restitution to the injured parties for any losses due to infringement.

A

53) All of the following statements about patents are true except: A) it is more difficult to obtain a copyright than it is to obtain a patent. B) the four types of inventions protected by patent law are machines, manmade products, compositions of matter, and processing methods. C) computer programs can be patented. D) in order to be patented, an invention must be nonobvious.

A