Chapter 8 Mastery Session
Which of the following adolescents is least likely to engage in false-self behavior?
Emily, who has high support from her parents
What is the immigrant paradox?
Foreign-born and first-generation ethnic minority youth perform better in school and are less likely to be involved in delinquent behavior or have physical, emotional, and behavioral problems than adolescents from the same ethnic group whose parents were born in America
What is the best way to conceptualize movement through the four identity states?
Individuals move from state to state, and not necessarily in an orderly fashion
Which of the following ethnic identity processes is not similar for identity development in general?
Research has indicated that the process of ethnic identity may be speeded up when adolescents have parents who take a deliberate approach to the socialization of an ethnic identity
Amy, a 16-year-old girl, is shy around boys though she would really like to be more outgoing. This reflects:
The discrepancy between her ideal and actual selves
Across all of the identity development frameworks, what is a common factor related to healthy development?
a period of experimentation and exploration before finalizing choices
Researchers are particularly interested in the identity changes that occur in adolescence for all of the following reasons, except:
adolescents are now capable of thinking in concrete terms about who they are and where they are going
According to the textbook, one of the pathways by which adolescents who feel discriminated against experience negative mental health outcomes is:
adolescents who feel discriminated against in school report feeling less control over their academic achievement, which leads to feelings of depression
Although research presented in the textbook indicates that physical appearance self-esteem is the best predictor of adolescents' overall self-esteem:
all of these are correct
Which of the following is one of the characteristics that distinguish between the adolescent's and the child's self-concept?
all of these are correct
Which of the following is not a reason that early adolescents might experience fluctuations in self-image?
because early adolescents spend most of their time engaging in false-self behavior
According to the chapter in the textbook, most researchers today believe that adolescents evaluate themselves:
both globally and along several distinct dimensions
As adolescents develop, their self-conceptions become more:
differentiated
Erik Erikson believed that ________ is the primary psychosocial crisis of adolescence.
establishing a coherent sense of identity
The idea that pressure to behave in sex-appropriate ways temporarily increases during middle adolescence, especially for girls, is called the _______ hypothesis
gender intensification
Positive mental health is associated with:
having strong positive feelings about one's own ethnic heritage and about mainstream culture
Research has shown that ethnic socialization that results in having positive attitudes about one's ethnic group is associated with:
positive attitudes about other ethnic groups
According to Sellers's Multidimensional Model of Racial Identity (MMRI), three different aspects of racial identity are important to consider in understanding discrimination and its effects. These three components are:
private regard, public regard, and racial centrality
Dr. Mullins argues that adolescence is such a demanding time that adolescents need several years with as few responsibilities as possible so they can sort out their identities. His argument focuses on the need for a period of:
psychosocial moratorium
According to the textbook, some adolescents might forge some sense of self-definition in an environment that has made it difficult to establish an acceptable identity by:
selecting a negative identity
Temperament and personality tend to become _________ as we __________
stable; get older
Adolescents who have more complex self-conceptions are less likely:
to be depressed
