Chapter 8 quiz

Which of the following sex differences is not true? Males are generally more physically aggressive than females. Females are more likely to express intimacy verbally, whereas males express it mainly through shared activities. Females are more prone to low self-esteem and depression. Males tend to be more popular with peers than females.

Females are more prone to low self-esteem and depression.

What trend does the stability of self-esteem show between childhood and early adulthood? Self-esteem tends to become increasingly more stable over time. Self-esteem tends to become increasingly less stable over time. Self-esteem tends to become more volatile over time. The stability of self-esteem does not tend to change during this period.

Self-esteem tends to become increasingly more stable over time.

In Erikson's theory of development, people move through eight stages of psychosocial development by resolving the psychosocial crises of each stage. What does Erikson mean by the successful resolution of a particular stage? coming through the crisis entirely positively coming through the crisis entirely negatively resolving the issue once and for all coming through the crisis more positively than negatively

coming through the crisis more positively than negatively

Changes in self-perceptions (whether positive or negative) are most likely to occur during: childhood. early adolescence. mid-adolescence. late adolescence.

early adolescence.

Most researchers today believe that adolescents evaluate themselves: on the basis of global self-esteem (overall feelings about oneself). on the basis of academic self-esteem. on the basis of social self-esteem. globally and on the basis of several distinct dimensions, including academics, athletics, appearance, and social relationships.

globally and on the basis of several distinct dimensions, including academics, athletics, appearance, and social relationships.

Compared to early adolescent boys, early adolescent girls: have higher self-esteem. have a lower level of self-consciousness. have a shakier self-image. are less vulnerable to disturbances in their self-image.

have a shakier self-image.

Research on the connection between academic success and high self-esteem in adolescence suggests that: high self-esteem leads to academic success. academic success leads to high self-esteem. there is no link between academic success and self-esteem. it's not possible to investigate this question adequately.

high self-esteem leads to academic success.

When an adolescent bypasses the period of exploration and experimentation that precedes the establishment of a healthy sense of identity, and prematurely commits themselves to a certain identity, the adolescent may have be experiencing: identity diffusion. identity foreclosure. negative identity. identity disclosure.

identity foreclosure.

The extent to which an individual's self-esteem is volatile is: more common among older adolescents. more among younger adolescents. is a fairly stable trait. is not a stable trait.

is a fairly stable trait

Black girls' overall self-esteem: is higher than both White and Hispanic girls. is lower than White girls. is lower than Hispanic girls. tends to be lower than those of girls from other ethnicities.

is higher than both White and Hispanic girls.

Which one of the following best describes the relationship between the broad domains of self-esteem? An adolescent who has high: social self-esteem among peers also will have high social self-esteem with his/her parents. academic self-esteem also will have high social self-esteem. academic self-esteem also will have high physical appearance self-esteem. levels of self-esteem in one distinct dimension may not necessarily have high levels of self-esteem in another.

levels of self-esteem in one distinct dimension may not necessarily have high levels of self-esteem in another.

Though popular books proclaim that _____, scientific studies have indicated that _____. males and females are fairly similar in their attitudes, abilities, and behaviors; males and females are fundamentally different men and women are fundamentally different; males and females are far more alike than dissimilar in their attitudes, abilities, and behaviors males and females are fundamentally different; the only consistent sex differences are in regard to abilities, attitudes, and behaviors males and females are far more alike than dissimilar in their attitudes, abilities, and behaviors; males and females have fundamentally different perspectives on morality

men and women are fundamentally different; males and females are far more alike than dissimilar in their attitudes, abilities, and behaviors

Compared to young adolescents with stable self-images, young adolescents with the most volatile self-image report having: lower levels of anxiety. lower levels of depression. more adjustment problems. lower levels of irritability.

more adjustment problems.

Research suggests that how an adolescent feels about his or her appearance is the most important predictor of overall self-esteem. Interestingly, what dimension is reported by adolescents as the least important predictor of their own global self-esteem? moral conduct social relationships physical appearance academic ability

physical appearance

Which aspect of self-esteem contributes most to an adolescent's overall self-image? physical appearance athletic ability academic competence moral conduct

physical appearance

Which of the following is not one of the three different aspects of the multidimensional model of racial identity? racial centrality private regard public regard racial bias

racial bias

Which aspect of self-image refers to the degree to which an adolescent worries about their self-image? self-esteem self-consciousness self-image stability authentic self

self-consciousness

How positively or negatively an individual feels about himself or herself is referred to as: self-esteem. self-consciousness. self-conception. self-image stability.

self-esteem.

Fluctuations in adolescents' self-image are most likely to occur between the ages of: 1214. 1418. 1618. 1519.

12-14

What is the immigrant paradox? Adolescents who are foreign-born or first-generation Americans perform better in school and engage in less delinquency than adolescents from the same ethnic group whose parents were born in America. Adolescents who are foreign-born or first-generation Americans perform worse in school and engage in more delinquency than adolescents from the same ethnic group whose parents were born in America. Adolescents who have immigrated more recently to the United States score lower on measures of adjustment than adolescents from the same ethnic group whose family has lived in the United States for several generations. Adolescents whose family has lived in the United States for several generations perform better in school than recent immigrant adolescents.

Adolescents who are foreign-born or first-generation Americans perform better in school and engage in less delinquency than adolescents from the same ethnic group whose parents were born in America.