Chapter 9
At night, CAM plants incorporate CO2 into ____, which is stored in the ____ of their cells.
. malate; vacuoles
What color does chlorophyll reflect
Green
What are the two phases of photosynthesis?
Light-dependent reactions and carbon fixation reactions
How many electrons are needed to reduce one molecule of NADP+ to NADPH?
Two
What is the ultimate source of electrons for noncyclic electron transport, and thus photosynthesis
Water
What is the process by which light energy is converted into the stored chemical energy of organic molecules
Photosynthesis
Which photosynthetic unit consists of a pair of chlorophyll a molecules with an absorption peak of 700 nm
Photosystem I
Which part of the chlorophyll molecule is responsible for absorbing light?
Porphyrin ring
. In which part of the chloroplast do the carbon fixation reactions take place?
Stroma
What is the fluid-filled sac within the inner membrane of a chloroplast called?
Stroma
The graph in the accompanying figure represents the
absorption spectra for chlorophylls a and b
Land plants, algae, and certain prokaryotes are known as
photoautotrophs
The energy of a(n) ____ is inversely proportional to its wavelength
photon
By definition, substances that absorb visible light are called
pigments
A chlorophyll molecule has a porphyrin ring containing a single atom of
magnesium.
Which is the energy source that drives the Calvin cycle
ATP and NADPH
Carbon is fixed in which part of the accompanying diagram?
4
Which best summarizes the overall reactions of photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 12H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
Thylakoid membranes are involved in ____ synthesis.
ATP
What happens in the second phase of the Calvin cycle
ATP and NADPH are used to convert the PGA molecules to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.
How are chlorophyll molecules attached to thylakoid membranes
By a long hydrocarbon side chain
During photosynthesis, ____ is reduced and ____ is oxidized
CO2; H2O
Which of the following are accessory photosynthetic pigments that expand the spectrum of light to provide energy for photosynthesis?
Carotenoids and chlorophyll b
ATP synthesis during the light-dependent reactions occurs by which process
Chemiosmosis
Which of these absorbs light primarily in the blue and red regions of the visible spectrum and is the main pigment of photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll
Which type of electromagnetic waves has the shortest wavelength
Gamma waves
A group of thylakoid discs make up what part of the chloroplast?
Granum
During which phase of photosynthesis is ATP and NADPH synthesized
Light-dependent phase
In C4 plants, reactions that fix CO2 into four-carbon compounds occur in what type of cells
Mesophyll cells
Which of the following would be classified as a CAM plant
Orchid
The synthesis of ATP during photosynthesis or respiration is the result of what process?
Phosphorylation of ADP
Which process not only yields electrons that replenish photosystems I and II, but also is the source of almost all the oxygen in Earth's atmosphere?
Photolysis
Animals, fungi, and most prokaryotes are known as
chemoheterotrophs
The action spectrum of photosynthesis best matches the absorption spectrum of
chlorophylls a and b.
ATP is formed when ____ the thylakoid lumen.
hydrogen ions leave
An electron absorbs a photon of light energy and becomes energized; the electron shifts from a ____ atomic orbital to a __________ atomic orbital.
lower energy; higher energy
In C3 plants, the ____ are typically closed at night and open during the daytime to allow for gas exchange
stomata
Chlorophyll and accessory photosynthetic pigments are associated with which part of the chloroplast?
thylakoid membranes
Where is the electron transport chain of photosynthesis located
thylakoid membranes
