chapter 9

What gland releases catecholamines?

adrenal medulla

Alcohol inhibits the secretion of ________.

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Which hormone causes the kidneys to reabsorb more water from forming urine and as a result, increases blood volume?

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Which hormone is alternately known as vasopressin due to its effect on blood pressure by causing constriction of arterioles (small arteries)?

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Which specific cells of the pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) release insulin in response to high blood glucose levels?

beta cells

The "fight-or-flight" response triggers the release of ________.

epinephrine

Which of these hormones is released by the adrenal medulla?

epinephrine (adrenaline)

Cortisone and cortisol are types of ________ produced by the middle cortical layer of the adrenal gland.

glucocorticoids

Home pregnancy tests check for a hormone in the female's urine called ________.

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

When blood glucose levels are too high, the beta cells of the pancreas release ________ to decrease levels.

insulin

Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce a hormone known as ________ while the alpha cells produce a hormone known as ________.

insulin; glucagon

Which hormone appears to play an important role in establishing the body's sleep-wake cycle?

melatonin

The hypothalamus makes two hormones, ________ and ________, that are stored by the posterior pituitary.

oxytocin; antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Which endocrine gland is most closely associated with the hypothalamus?

pituitary gland

Which of the following is a function of the mineralocorticoids, such as aldosterone?

regulate salt content of the blood

The enzyme produced by the kidneys when blood pressure drops, stimulating a release of aldosterone, is called ________.

renin

The hormone produced by male testes which is responsible for sperm production is ________.

testosterone

Adrenaline is also known as epinephrine.

true

Antidiuretic hormone promotes both sodium and water retention.

true

Glucagon acts as an antagonist (opposite) to insulin.

true