Chapter 9- abdominal vasculature

The diameter of the IVC should never exceed

2.5 cm

The first main visceral branch of the abdominal aorta is the

Celiac artery

What branch and its tributaries of the abdominal aorta appears as a " seagull " in the transverse plane

Celiac artery

Which of the following vessels would most likely yield a high - resistance flow pattern A. Celiac artery B. Common hepatic artery C. Renal artery D. Fasting SMA

Fasting SMA

The most common shape of an AAA is

Fusiform

The veins seen attaching to the IVC just below the diaphragm are the

Hepatic veins

A patient presents with unexplained abdominal pain for a vascular assessment of the SMA Sonographically , you note that the patient's SMA yields a persistent high - resistive flow pattern . This is indicative of :

Small bowel ischemia

An AAA is present when the diameter of the abdominal aorta exceeds

3 cm

An outpatient with a history of back pain and hypertension presents to the ultrasound department for an abdominal aortic sonogram Sonographically you visualize a 6 cm infrarenal aortic aneurysm with an echogenic linear structure noted gently swaying in the aortic lumen . What is the most likely diagnosis

Aortic dissection

Occlusion of the hepatic veins describes

Budd - Chiari syndrome

Clinical findings of an AAA include all of the following except A. Lower extremity pain B. Back pain C. Abdominal bruit D. Elevated hematocrit

Elevated hematocrit

What abnormality would the failure of an EVAR to isolate an aneurysm from circulation most likely results in ?

Endoleak

Which of the following would have a pulsatile triphasic blood flow pattern A. Renal veins B. Hepatic veins C. Gonadal veins D. Common iliac veins

Hepatic veins

What flow pattern would the postprandial SMA yield in small bowel ischemia

High resistance

What vessel may attach to the splenic vein before reaching the portal confluence

Inferior mesenteric vein

A patient presents to the sonography department with a history of Marfan syndrome . The sonographic evaluation reveals a linear echo within the aortic lumen that extends from the celiac axis to the iliac arteries . Color Doppler reveals flow throughout the aorta on both sides of the linear echo . The patient has had no surgeries and there is no AAA . What does the linear echo most likely represent

Intimal flap

The left gonadal vein drains directly into the

Left renal vein

The hepatic artery should demonstrate

Low resistance flow

A disorder of the connective tissue characterized by tall stature and aortic and mitral valve insufficiency is

Marfan syndrome

An aneurysm associated with infection is termed

Mycotic

Which of the following is not a section of the IVC A. Postrenal B. Pancreatic C. Prerenal D. Hepatic

Pancreatic

The IVC terminates at the

Right atrium

All of the following are branches of the celiac axis except A. Right gastric artery B. Hepatic artery C. Splenic artery D. Left gastric artery

Right gastric artery

In the sagittal plane , you recognize a circular to the IVC anechoic vascular structure posterior structure be Which of the following would this most likely

Right renal artery

olsena Which vessel would be the shortest in length

Right renal vein

Enlargement of the IVC , with subsequent enlargement of the hepatic veins , is seen in cases of

Right sided heart failure

Which of the following vessels show a different flow pattern after eating A. Celiac artery B. Splenic artery C. Renal artery D. SMA

SMA

The main portal vein is created by the union of the

Splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein

Which of the following statements about the IVC is not true A. The diameter of the IVC is variable B. Respiration can affect the size of the IVC C. The IVC is located to the left of the abdominal aorta D. The IVC is considered retroperitoneal in location

The IVC is located to the left of the abdominal aorta

Which of the following is not true about the abdominal aorta A. The abdominal bifurcates into the common iliac arteries B. The proximal aorta is situated more anterior than the distal aorta C. The aorta has a thicker tunica media than the IVC D. The third major branches of the abdominal aorta are the renal arteries

The proximal aorta is situated more anterior than the distal aorta

The outer wall layer of a vessel is the

Tunica adventitia

The inner wall layer of a vessel , closest to the passing blood , is the

Tunica intima

Which of the following would most likely yield a high - resistance flow pattern ? A. Celiac artery B. Common iliac artery C. Splenic artery D. Right renal artery

Common iliac artery

What vessel can be often noted coursing between the SMA and the abdominal aorta in the transverse scan plane

Left renal vein

What vessel travels directly anterior to the left renal artery

Left renal vein

The aorta originates at the

Left ventricle

What should the postprandial flow pattern be within the SMA

Low resistance

Which of the following statements about the abdominal aorta is not true ? A. Most aneurysms located within the abdominal aorta are false aneurysms B. The abdominal aorta is located just left of the midline C. The most common location of an AAA is infrarenal D. The abdominal aorta is considered to be retroperitoneal in location

Most aneurysms located within the abdominal aorta are false aneurysms

The second main branch of the abdominal aortal is the

SMA

Which vascular structure may be confused for the main pancreatic duct

Splenic artery