Chapter 9: Alcohol

You are at a party where wine and beer are being served in plastic cups. The plastic cup could contain as much as __________.

20 ounces

John consumed a large margarita that contained 14 grams of carbohydrate and 24 grams of alcohol. How many kilocalories did he consume?

224 kilocalories Explanation: The margarita contains 168 kilocalories from the alcohol (7 kcal/g) and 56 kilocalories from carbohydrates (4 kcal/g), for a total of 224 kilocalories.

What is a standard serving of red wine?

5 ounces

Which of the following statements about alcohol is correct? A. On an empty stomach, alcohol can be absorbed through the lining of the stomach. B. Alcohol does not need to be digested before it can be absorbed. C. Women absorb about one-third more alcohol than men because women have fewer stomach enzymes that break down the alcohol prior to absorption. D. All of these statements about alcohol are true.

D. All of these statements about alcohol are true.

Which health benefit of alcohol was not discussed? The French paradox concerns the fact that French people have lower rates of heart disease despite a diet high in saturated fats Flavonoids found in red wine increase the heart's ability to distribute blood throughout the body The resveratrol in red wine acts like an antioxidant and reduces LDL accumulation due to less oxidation The health benefits of alcohol are largely seen in people after middle age and not in younger people

Flavonoids found in red wine increase the heart's ability to distribute blood throughout the body

Choose the correct statements about alcohol absorption and metabolism: Food in the stomach slows the absorption of alcohol. Alcohol inhibits the release of antidiuretic hormone, which can lead to dehydration. Most alcohol is metabolized in the small intestine. Women have about 20 to 30%% more alcohol dehydrogenase in their stomachs than men. Alcohol can improve an individual's sleep.

Food in the stomach slows the absorption of alcohol. Alcohol inhibits the release of antidiuretic hormone, which can lead to dehydration.

Which of the following is CORRECT concerning alcohol production? Ethanol, methanol, and isopropanol are all safe to consume in moderation Wine is made through a distillation process of collected vapors Alcohol is sold legally in the U.S. so there are no negative effects to consuming it Grain starches are the sugar base when making beer

Grain starches are the sugar base when making beer

Which of the following statements about alcohol is true? It has nutritional value, but it also contains a lot of calories. It has little nutritional value, but it also contains few calories. It has little nutritional value and contains a lot of calories. It has nutritional value and contains few calories.

It has little nutritional value and contains a lot of calories.

Which of these is an effect alcohol has on the body? It calms the nerves. It is a laxative. It warms the body. It is dehydrating.

It is dehydrating.

__________________ is a type of flavonoid found in red wine.

Resveratrol

Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that people consume alcohol? You correctly answered: The grapes in wine add additional antioxidant vitamins to the diet. It promotes social bonding with friends or coworkers It can make a person feel more relaxed, social, and outgoing in a group It can be an important part of ceremonies or religious traditions The grapes in wine add additional antioxidant vitamins to the diet

The grapes in wine add additional antioxidant vitamins to the diet

A good option instead of an alcoholic drink is __________.

a "mocktail" such as cranberry juice and seltzer water

When a pregnant woman drinks, the baby....

absorbs alcohol too.

Alcohol dehydrogenase converts ethanol to ________________

acetaldehyde

Binge drinking, alcohol use disorder, or moderate drinking?: A woman in the first stage of alcoholic liver disease continues to have a few drinks every night before going to bed

alcohol use disorder

Binge drinking, alcohol use disorder, or moderate drinking?: An administrative assistant misses his morning train to work several times per week for 2 months after staying out late drinking with friends.

alcohol use disorder

________ drinking is considered to be consumption of 5 or more alcoholic drinks by men, or 4 or more drinks by women, in a very short time.

binge

Binge drinking, alcohol use disorder, or moderate drinking?: A man, who usually only drinks at important family gatherings, consumes 7 beers in an evening during a hunting trip.

binge drinking

Binge drinking, alcohol use disorder, or moderate drinking?: A petite, female high school student drinks 4 vodka tonics in 2 hours at a party.

binge drinking

_________________ increases when alcohol consumption exceeds the rate of metabolism of the alcohol by the liver.

blood alcohol concentration

Who, among the following persons who all weigh the same and have the same height, is more likely to feel the effects of 5 beers? Martin dehydrated Martin dehydrated Maria Maria

dehydrated Maria

Alcohol ________ is the enzyme which metabolizes alcohol.

dehydrogenase

Alcohol is a central nervous system _________

depressant

he specific alcoholic substance found in beer, wine, and spirits is called ______________

ethanol

True or false: Alcohol is considered an essential nutrient.

false Explanation: Alcohol is not considered an essential nutrient, because it is not essential for health

True or false: The liver breaks down and metabolizes alcohol at a rate of about 1 ounce per hour.

false Explanation: The liver breaks down and metabolizes alcohol at a rate of about one-half ounce per hour, or the amount of alcohol found in a standard alcoholic beverage.

The sequence of alcoholic liver disease is:

fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, then cirrhosis.

The alcohol in beer and wine comes from the __________________ of sugar by yeast.

fermentation

Drinking alcohol in moderation may help reduce the risk of ________ in older adults.

heart disease

Women are more likely to feel alcohol effects than men because women have...

less alcohol dehydrogenase and less body water than men.

Alcohol tolerance occurs when the brain becomes ________ to alcohol.

less sensitive

A standard drink is 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine, or 1.5 ounces of __________

liquor

Alcoholic ________ disease stages include: fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and cirrhosis.

liver

Chronic alcohol abuse results in damage to the _________

liver

A diuretic causes the body to __________.

lose fluid via the kidneys

Binge drinking, alcohol use disorder, or moderate drinking?: A 35-year-old mother of two elementary-aged children has a 5-oz glass of wine with dinner some nights

moderate drinking

Binge drinking, alcohol use disorder, or moderate drinking?: A 50-year-old male drinks usually 1, but sometimes 2 12-oz bottles of beer after work a few times per week

moderate drinking

How many servings are in a 12-ounce bottle of beer?

one serving of alcohol

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can lead to ________ retardation.

permanent physical and mental

Toasting and drinking with friends and coworkers at a pub after work to celebrate a colleague's promotion would be considered an example of ________________

social drinking

The alcohol-induced euphoric state occurs ...

soon after alcohol is consumed

Moderate consumption for females would consist of one ____________________ daily.

standard drink

An added benefit of a nonalcoholic beverage, such as a "mocktail," is that the drink will likely have __________.

vitamins