Chapter 9 Chemistry Study Guide

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According to the law of conservation of mass, if two atoms of hydrogen are used as a reactant, how many atoms of hydrogen must be part of the product? ____

2

How many total atoms are in 3Na2SO4?

21 atoms

Al + HCl ---->AlCl3 + H2

2Al + 6HCl ---->2AlCl3 + 3H2

What are the correct coefficients when this equation is balanced? K + Br2 ® KBr

2K + Br2 yields 2KBr

KClO3 ----> KCl + O2

2KClO3 ----> 2KCl + 3O2

Mg(s) + O2(g) ----> MgO(s)

2Mg(s) + O2(g) ----> 2MgO(s)

Al + O2 ----> Al2O3

4Al + 3O2 ----> 2Al2O3

Sb + O2 ----> Sb4O6

4Sb + 3O2 ----> Sb4O6

C3H8 + O2 ----> CO2 + H2O

C3H8 + 5O2 ----> 3CO2 + 4H2O

CaO + H2O ----> Ca(OH)2

CaO + H2O ----> Ca(OH)2

List four indications that a chemical reaction has occurred.

Change of temperature, color change, precipitation, evolution of a gas.

Cl2(g) + KBr(aq)----> 2KCl(aq) + Br2(l)

Cl2(g) + 2KBr(aq)----> 2KCl(aq) + Br2(l)

To balance a chemical equation, it may be necessary to adjust the _____________

Coefficient

Type of Reaction? C3H8 + 5O2 ----> 3CO2 + 4H2O

Combustion

Which type of reaction takes place in the presence of oxygen and produces carbon dioxide and water?

Combustion

In what kind of reaction does a single compound produce two or more simpler substances?

Decomposition

Type of Reaction? 2KClO3 ----> 2KCl + 3O2

Decomposition

Type of Reaction? MgCO3(s) ----> MgO(s) + CO2(g)

Decomposition

Type of Reaction? Fe2(SO4)3 + 6KOH ---->3K2SO4 + 2Fe(OH)3

Double Replacement

Type of Reaction? SiO2 + 4HF ----> SiF4 + 2H2O

Double Replacement

Fe2(SO4)3 + KOH ---->K2SO4 + Fe(OH)3

Fe2(SO4)3 + 6KOH ---->3K2SO4 + 2Fe(OH)3

In writing an equation that produces hydrogen gas, the correct representation of hydrogen gas is _____

H2

MgCO3(s) ----> MgO(s) + CO2(g)

MgCO3(s) ----> MgO(s) + CO2(g)

NH4NO2(s) ----> N2(g) + H2O(l)

NH4NO2(s) ----> N2(g) + 2H2O(l)

P4 + O2 ---->P2O5

P4 + 5O2 ---->2P2O5

Pb(NO3)2(aq) + KI(aq) ---->PbI2(s) + KNO3(aq)

Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2KI(aq) ---->PbI2(s) + 2KNO3(aq)

What is a solid produced by a chemical reaction in solution that separates from the solution called?

Precipitate

In this equation, which are the reactant(s), product(s)? Mg(s)+O2(g) yields MgO(s)

Reactants: Mg(s)+ O2(g) Products: MgO(s)

SiO2 + HF ----> SiF4 + H2O

SiO2 + 4HF ----> SiF4 + 2H2O

In what kind of reaction does one element replace a similar element in a compound?

Single Replacement

Type of Reaction? Cl2(g) + 2KBr(aq)----> 2KCl(aq) + Br2(l)

Single Replacement

Type of Reaction? NH4NO2(s) ----> N2(g) + 2H2O(l)

Single Replacement

Type of reaction? 2Al + 6HCl ---->2AlCl3 + 3H2

Single Replacement

In what kind of reaction do two or more substances combine to form a new compound?

Synthesis

Type of Reaction? 2Mg(s) + O2(g) ----> 2MgO(s)

Synthesis

Type of Reaction? 4Al + 3O2 ----> 2Al2O3

Synthesis

Type of Reaction? CaO + H2O ----> Ca(OH)2

Synthesis

Type of Reaction? P4 + 5O2 ---->2P2O5

Synthesis

Type of Reaction? Sb + O2 ----> Sb4O6

Synthesis

Which types of reactions are essentially opposites of one another? _________

Synthesis and Decomposition

In an equation, the symbol for a substance in water solution is followed by ___.

aq

A chemical equation is balanced when the same number of each kind of _____ appears in the ________ and in the products.

atoms, reactants

A(n) ____ chemical equation has the same number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation.

balance

Which equation is NOT balanced? a. 2H2 + O2®2H2O b. 4H2 + 2O2®4H2O c. H2 + H2 + O2®H2O + H2O d. 2H2 + O2®H2O

d. 2H2 + O2 yields H2O

AB----------.> A + B

decomposition

Gas may be formed, water may be produced, and a precipitate is formed are all signs that a ____________ displacement reaction has occurred.

double

AB + CD--------> AD + CB

double replacement

Type of Reaction? Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2KI(aq) ---->PbI2(s) + 2KNO3(aq)

double replacement

According to the law of conservation of mass, the total mass of the reacting substances is always __________ to the total mass of the products.

equal

Each substance on the left side of the arrow in a chemical equation is a ____.

reactant

AB+C------------> AC + B

single replacement

A+ B--------->AB

synthesis


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