Chapter 9 LearningCurve

When researchers stimulated the ____ during laboratory experimentation, eating behaviors were inhibited: -ventromedial hypothalamus -lateral hypothalamus -ventromedial hippocampus -lateral hippocampus

ventromedial hypothalamus

Marshall was in a car accident and suffered damage to his ____ hypothalamus. Damage to this area has caused an increase in his food intake: -ventromedial -ventralatero -lateromedial -lateral

ventromedial

Between ____ percent of all females in Western countries develop anorexia nervosa in their lifetimes: -0.5 and 4.0 -3.0 and 6.0 -0.5 and 1.0 -1.0 and 5.0

0.5 and 4.0

Surveys in several European and North American countries in the early 2000s suggest that as many as ____ percent of women develop the full syndrome of bulimia nervosa: -1.5 -5 -8.5 -12

5

If one identical twin suffers from anorexia nervosa, the other twin will develop this disorder in as many as ____ percent of cases. One the other hand, the concordances rate for fraternal twins is around 20 percent: -10 -30 -50 -70

70

Who is most likely to develop symptoms of anorexia nervosa? -Genevieve, age 15; her parents just divorced -Marc, age 27; his wife just left him -Ingrid, age 23; she was just accepted to graduate school -Kevin, age 19; his parents just forced him to transfer schools

Genevieve, age 15; her parents just divorced

____-type anorexia nervosa involves the systematic removal of certain kinds of foods, leading to a very limited diet: -Restricting -Bulimic -Bingeing -Purging

Restricting

Which is not an immediate aim in the treatment of anorexia nervosa? -help the individual to eat normally again -help the individual regain lost weight -address the psychological factors that maintain the problem -help the individual recover from malnourishment

address the psychological factors that maintain the problem

Kurt has a problem with his emotions. He seems unaware of them, and cannot describe or label them easily. Those around him think that he is devoid of emotion. Kurt most likely struggles with: -anosmia -alexia -aphasia -alexithymia

alexithymia

Though separate diagnoses, anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa share many common features. Which is not one of the common features of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa? -both disorders frequently begin after a period of dieting by a person who is afraid of becoming obese -both disorders are marked by disturbed attitudes toward eating -almost all women diagnosed with either disorder experience amenorrhea -substance abuse may accompany either disorder

almost all women diagnosed with either disorder experience amenorrhea

Young newlywed Deanna has struggled with anorexia nervosa for more than a year. Her husband thinks that if Deanna becomes pregnant, she will have to eat more. However, Deanna cannot become pregnant because her menstrual cycles have stopped. This condition is known as: -menopause -lanugo -dysmenorrhea -amenorrhea

amenorrhea

Louise is in the hospital, where she has been admitted against her own will. She is fed intravenously in an attempt to deliver nutrients directly into her bloodstream. She has been informed that if this does not work and she continues to refuse to eat, she may be force-fed through a tube. Louise is probably suffering from: -anorexia nervosa -thinness -bulimia nervosa -reverse anorexia nervosa

anorexia nervosa

Zeekal has recently been hospitalized. She is severely underweight, her body temperature is low, her heart rate is below normal, and her feet are swollen. All of Zeekal's physiological symptoms could be associated with: -illness anxiety disorder -anorexia nervosa -conversion disorder -bulimia nervosa

anorexia nervosa

Xavier engages in repeated eating binges during which he feels no control over his eating. He does not perform compensatory behaviors, and as a result of his frequent binges, he has become obese. Xavier most likely suffers from: -bulimia nervosa -anorexia nervosa -binge-eating disorder -binge-purge syndrome

binge-eating disorder

Josette has always been very moody and easily bored. She also makes poor choices, and sometimes engages in impulsive behavior such as shoplifting or overeating. Josette's behaviors and emotional responses are similar to those with: -anorexia nervosa -binge purging -bulimia nervosa -restrictive-type anorexia nervosa

bulimia nervosa

According to the text, cognitive-behavioral therapy is more helpful in cases of: -bulimia nervosa than anorexia nervosa -anorexia nervosa than binge-purge syndrome -anorexia nervosa than bulimia nervosa -binge-purge syndrome than bulimia nervosa

bulimia nervosa than anorexia nervosa

According to Hilde Bruch, a parent who correctly feeds a hungry child and comforts a fearful child is: -effective -uninvolved -authoritative -ineffective

effective

As a baby, Ilya had very ____ parents. They fed him when he was hungry, changed him when he was wet, and comforted him when he was upset: -ineffective -effective -permissive -authoritative

effective

According to Hilde Bruch, a child who has developed a poor sense of control and independence has: -ego deficiencies -multidimensional risk factors -perceptual disturbances -psychodynamic disturbances

ego deficiencies

Gigi has always had a disturbed relationship with her mother. As a result, she never developed an adequate sense of control and independence, which are examples of: -perceptual disturbances -multidimensional risk factors -psychodynamic disturbances -ego deficiencies

ego deficiencies

Persephone comes from a family in which everyone is overly involved in the lives of others. Although everyone is affectionate and loyal, they tend to cling to each other. As a teen, she feels that her desire for independence is somehow harming the family's sense of closeness and harmony. Her family displays an ____ family pattern: -enmeshed -effective -ineffective -overconcerned

enmeshed

Becoming thin is the goal of most people with anorexia nervosa, and ____ is their primary motivation: -familial pressure -fear -societal pressure -excess dopamine

fear

People with anorexia nervosa are often preoccupied with ____, and this preoccupation is often the ____ of their food deprivation: -food; cause -control; result -food; result -control; cause

food; result

Veronica suffers from bulimia nervosa. Before a binge episode, Veronica most likely feels a sense of: -overwhelming grief -manic elation -great tension -calm

great tension

According to Hilde Bruch, a parent who incorrectly feeds a fearful child and comforts a hungry child is: -authoritarian -permissive -effective -ineffective

ineffective

Stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus: -prevents one from eating -activates eating disorders -influences food choices -inhibits eating behaviors

inhibits eating behaviors

Group therapy for bulimia nervosa: -is at least somewhat helpful in about 75% of cases -increases the shame associated with the disorder -never includes cognitive-behavioral therapy -can be overwhelming for the person receiving it if too much feedback is given

is at least somewhat helpful in about 75% of cases

Abigail has recently been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa and has entered into a residential treatment facility to receive treatment. Upon her physical evaluation, the attending doctor noticed Abigail has developed ____,a fine silky hair covering Abigail's torso, face and arms: -amenorrhea -andropause -menopause -lanugo

lanugo

Leon was in a car accident and suffered damage to his ____ hypothalamus. Damage to this area has caused a decrease in his food intake: -ventromedial -lateromedial -lateral -ventral

lateral

When researchers stimulated the ____ during laboratory experimentation, eating behaviors were activated: -lateral hippocampus -ventromedial hippocampus -lateral hypothalamus -ventromedial hypothalamus

lateral hypothalamus

Stimulation of the ____ has been shown to activate eating behaviors, while stimulation of the ____ inhibits them: -ascending pyramidal amygdala; descending lateral amygdala -lateral hypothalamus; ventromedial hypothalamus -superior mesenteric medulla; inferior foramen magnum -anterior hippocampus; dorsoposterior hippocampus

lateral hypothalamus; ventromedial hypothalamus

If given the opportunity to take a picture of oneself and the "adjust" the picture to best represent their body, anorexic individuals will ____ their body size: -overestimate -guess -refuse to analyze -underestimate

overestimate

One personality trait that often precedes the development of anorexia nervosa is: -perfectionism -conscientiousness -neuroticism -extraversion

perfectionism

In North American and European society, overweight individuals often are treated with: -acceptance -concern -prejudice -indifference

prejudice

Suzanne has bulimia nervosa. During a binge, Suzanne is least likely to eat: -pretzels -ice cream -cakes -doughnuts

pretzels

Researchers have noted a positive correlation between eating disorders and the presence of genes responsible for the production of the neurotransmitter: -epinephrine -norepinephrine -dopamine -serotonin

serotonin

People suffering from bulimia nervosa often experience dental complications because: -the loss of calcium caused by extended starvation causes teeth to rot from within -the stomach acid that coats the teeth during self-induced vomiting is very damaging to the gums and tooth enamel -the stimulation of the back of the throat that is required to induce vomiting can chip or crack the rear teeth (molars) and cause damage -a known side effect of laxative abuse, which is the most common compensatory behavior, is the permanent yellowing of teeth

the stomach acid that coats the teeth during self-induced vomiting is very damaging to the gums and tooth enamel

Which statement regarding people with anorexia nervosa is false? -they usually consider themselves unattractive -they are likely to overestimate their actual proportions -they generally spend little time thinking about food -they usually have a low opinion of their body shape

they generally spend little time thinking about food

To the uninformed individual, the practice of self-induced vomiting after a meal may seem to be a good way to prevent the digestion and absorption of the food that was consumed. A savvy student of psychology, however, knows that: -this method of compensation fails to prevent the absorption of at least half of the calories consumed during a binge -the regular ingestion of laxatives both before and after a binge is a much more effective way to prevent absorption of the calories consumed -exercising compulsively, particularly within the 3 hours following a binge, is the best way to keep from gaining weight -most of the weight gained from a binge is in the form of water, so taking high doses of diuretics is the most effective way to prevent weight gain after a binge

this method of compensation fails to prevent the absorption of at least half of the calories consumed during a binge

Sunita has bulimia nervosa. Her weight is most likely to be: -within a normal range, although it may fluctuate markedly within that range -within a normal range, with little fluctuation within that range -drastically below the normal range -drastically above the normal range

within a normal range, although it may fluctuate markedly within that range