Chapter 9: Lifespan Development

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory emphasizes the sexual nature of our development rather than its social nature.

the words "sexual" and "social" should be switched

Who believed that moral development, like cognitive development, follows a series of stages?

Lawrence Kohlberg

Children who are developing a disorganized attachment to their caregivers most likely have been _____.

abused

_____ is a long-standing connection or bond with others.

attachment

Which parenting style is most encouraged in modern America?

authoritative

Who developed the psychosocial theory of development?

Erik Erikson

_____ development involves learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity.

cognitive

Which of the following is a developmental issue children face during the concrete operational stage?

conservation

Adolescents (ages 12-18) experiment with and develop a sense of who they are and what roles they want to play. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?

identity vs. confusion

_____ skills refer to our ability to move our bodies and manipulate objects.

motor

A developmental psychologist might use_____ to observe how children behave on a playground, at a daycare center, or in the child's own home.

naturalistic observation

Elroy decided not to cheat on the exam because he would fail the class if he was caught. What stage of moral development does this exemplify?

pre-conventional

In the _____ stage, children use words and images to represent things, but they lack logical reasoning.

preoperational

_____ development involves emotions, personality, and social relationships.

psychosocial

Which of the following is a developmental issue children face during the sensorimotor stage?

stranger anxiety

Emily is a doctoral student in psychology. She plans to use ________ to complete her doctoral paper, asking individuals to self-report important information about how their thoughts, experiences, and beliefs differ over a 10-year period.

surveys

A _____ is any environmental agent-biological, chemical, or physical-that causes damage.

teratogen

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? The zygote is a structure connected to the uterus that provides nourishment and oxygen from the mother to the developing embryo via the umbilical cord.

the word "zygote" should be changed to the word "placenta"

Late maturing boys are ________.

at a higher risk of depression

Crawling, walking, writing, dressing, naming colors, speaking in sentences, and starting puberty are all examples of ________.

developmental milestones

Theorists who view development as ________ believe that development takes place in unique stages.

discontinuous

Jules is participating in the Strange Situation experiment. When his mother returns, he freezes, and then behaves erratically. In fact, he runs away from his mother. What kind of attachment is this?

disorganized

After age 65, most people are attempting to assess their lives and make sense of life and the meaning of their contributions. What is the primary developmental task of this stage?

integrity vs. despair

Which of the following is not a developmental issue children face during the preoperational stage?

object performance

Umberto is a one year old, and his mother is sensitive and responsive to his needs. He is distressed when his mother leaves him, and he is happy to see her when she returns. What kind of attachment is this?

secure