chapter nine chronic illness and disease

Which of the following is an acronym or mnemonic associated with anticholinergics?

B.O.AT.S Benztrapine Oxybutynin ATropine Scopolamine

A client who is blind is admitted for treatment of a small bowel obstruction and has been vomitting for days. Which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority for this client?

Deficient fluid volume

A nursing instructor is discussing the causes of the increasing number of people with chronic conditions. Which of the following would the nurse correctly identify as a cause? - Lowered stress and increased physical activity lifestyles - Shorter lifespans - An increased mortality rate from infectious diseases - Early detection and treatment of diseases

Early detection and treatment of diseases

Which of the following medications is most likely classified as an Anticholinergic which is used to treat cOPD and acute asthma?

Ipratropium

Scopolamine is most likely indicated to treat which of the following conditions?

Motion sickness

Which of the following best describes an effect of atropine?

Mydriasis and Cyclopegia

A client has had multiple admissions for heart failure. The client is now on continuous oxygen, bedridden, and provided care by his family. The nurse discusses end-of-life preferences with the client. The nurse assesses the client is in the phase of the Trajectory Model of Chronic Illness known as

downward

Dicyclomine is most likely indicated to treat which of the following conditions?

irritable bowel syndrome

impairment

loss or abnormality of psychological, physiologic, or anatomic structure or function at the organ level (e.g., dysphagia, hemiparesis); an abnormality of body structure, appearance, and organ or system function resulting from any cause

chronic disease

medical or health problem with associated symptoms or disabilities that require long-term management; has also been referred to as noncommunicable disease, chronic condition, or chronic disorder

Which of the following anticholinergic medications is most likely used for bladder spasms?

oxybutynin

multiple chronic conditions (MCC)

presence of more than one chronic disease or condition, which increases the complexity of care as well as morbidity and mortality rates

Glycopyrrolate most likely has which of the following actions?

reduces airway secretions; used mainly before surgery helps with intubation anesthesia as well as maintaining open airways during ventilation

disability

restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in a normal manner; the consequences of impairment in terms of an individual's functional performance and activity—disabilities represent disturbances at the level of the person (e.g., bathing, dressing, communication, walking, grooming)

Which of the following medications is most likely used to treat motion sickness?

scopolamine

chronic illness

the experience of living with a chronic disease or condition; the individual's perception of the experience and the individual's and others' responses to the chronic disease or condition

Glycopyrrolate is most likely indicated to treat which of the following conditions?

ulcer treatment; it deceased the stomachs acid secretions

Clients must contend with chronic illness daily. Nurses relate more effectively to clients when they understand the following as characteristics of chronic illness. Choose all that apply - The management of chronic conditions is a process of discovery. - Chronic conditions only involve one phase of a person's life. - Managing chronic conditions must be a collaborative process. - Chronic illness affects the entire family. - Chronic illness involves treating only the medical problems.

- Chronic illness affects the entire family. - The management of chronic conditions is a process of discovery. - Managing chronic conditions must be a collaborative process.

Chronic conditions occur in people of every age group, socioeconomic level, race, and culture. In 2000, an estimated 61 million people (21% of the population) had chronic illnesses. The prediction for 2050 is that what percent of the population will have a chronic illness?

50%

A patient has had a traumatic amputation of the left leg above the knee following an industrial accident. What type of disability does this patient have?

Acquired disability

secondary health conditions or disorders

any physical, mental, or social disorders resulting directly or indirectly from an initial disabling condition; a condition to which a person with a disability is more susceptible because of having a primary disabling condition

The nurse practitioner has four patients with chronic illness that require consistent medical and nursing management. Select the condition that is the best example of a "chronically critical and progressively ill" condition. - Type 2 diabetes mellitus - Carcinoma-in-situ - Coronary artery disease - End-stage renal disease

End-stage renal disease

Which of the following anticholinergic medications is most often used to manage acute bradycardia?

atropine

The anticholinergic benztropine is most likely indicated to treat which of the following conditions?

Parkinson's disease; works to antagonize the affects of acetylcholine

A nurse is assigned to work with a client who has a disability. The nurse believes that all people with disabilities have a poor quality of life and are dependent and nonproductive. What type of barrier will this client experience?

attitudinal barrier

Which of the following medications is used as an adjunct in Parkinson's disease?

benztrapine

Oxybutynin is most likely indicated for which of the following?

decrease bladder spasms

Which of the following describes the crisis phase of the trajectory model of chronic illness?

The client is experiencing a critical or life-threatening situation requiring emergency treatment.

A client with impaired hearing communicates through sign language and has been admitted to the unit before scheduled surgery. The interpreter that the hospital employs is at the bedside. The nurse needs to take what actions into consideration prior to doing preoperative teaching with this client? - The interpreter may lag a few words behind--especially if names or technical terms are to be finger spelled. - A family member would be better to use as the interpreter. - An interpreter is not needed. - The nurse should talk to the interpreter while teaching the client.

The interpreter may lag a few words behind--especially if names or technical terms are to be fingerspelled.

noncommunicable diseases

a group of conditions that are not caused by an acute infection; many are considered chronic diseases and are often due to unhealthy behaviors