chapter one a&p

Place the following in correct sequence from simplest to most complex: 1. molecules 2. atoms 3. tissues 4. cells 5. organs

2-1-4-3-5

Average body temperature is ________ degrees centigrade.

37

Which of the following best demonstrates the principle of complementarity of structure and function?

Bones can support and protect body organs because they contain hard mineral deposits.

Choose the anatomical topic and definition that is not correctly matched. Gross anatomy: study of structures visible to the eye. Cytology: study of the structures in a particular region. Embryology: study of the changes in an individual from conception to birth. Microscopic anatomy: study of structures too small to be seen by the naked eye.

Cytology: study of the structures in a particular region.

An increased rate of breathing as a result of an increased buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream would be best described as an example of ________ .

Excretion and Responsiveness

What does the principle of complementarity of structure and function mean?

Function reflects structure and structure determines function.

The study of large body structures, visible to the naked eye, such as the heart is called ________ anatomy

Gross

Which of the following statements is the most correct regarding homeostatic imbalance?

It is considered the cause of most diseases.

Which of the following best defines anatomy?

It is the study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another.

Which of the following statements is true concerning feedback mechanisms? Positive feedback mechanisms always result in excessive damage to the host. Blood glucose levels are regulated by positive feedback mechanisms. Negative feedback mechanisms tend to increase the original stimulus. Negative feedback mechanisms work to prevent sudden severe changes within the body.

Negative feedback mechanisms work to prevent sudden severe changes within the body.

Which of the following is NOT an example of maintaining boundaries? Single-celled organisms possess a limiting membrane that encloses its contents and lets in needed substances while restricting entry of potentially damaging or unnecessary substances. When your hand is exposed to extreme heat, you involuntarily pull your hand away from the painful stimulus. The human body as a whole is enclosed and protected by the integumentary system. Each cell in our body is surrounded by a selectively permeable membrane.

When your hand is exposed to extreme heat, you involuntarily pull your hand away from the painful stimulus.

Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains ________.

a relatively stable internal environment, within limits

Which of the following describes the operation of the heart and blood vessels?

cardiovascular physiology

Which of the following is the simplest level of structural organization in the human body?

chemical

The part that determines the set point in homeostatic control mechanisms is the ________.

control center

Which of the following would not be a functional characteristic of life?

decay

A good example of a positive feedback mechanism would be ________.

enhancement of labor contractions

Which life process in the body sustains all others?

metabolism

The regulation of body temperature is an example of which type of homeostatic control?

negative feedback

Which one of the following systems responds fastest to environmental stimuli?

nervous

Which of the following are survival needs of the body?

nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, and oxygen

A structure that is composed of two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific functions for the body is a(n) ________.

organ

In a homeostatic control mechanism, which component monitors the environment?

receptor

Which of the following are subdivisions of anatomy?

regional, systemic, and surface

One of the functional characteristics of life is excitability or responsiveness. This refers to ________.

sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them

If the figure were used to represent the regulation of body temperature, the structures represented by the letter C would include ______. Last stage returning to ballance

sweat glands

the figure were used to represent a heating system in a home, which of the following would be most directly associated with the structure labeled B? middle off a balance

thermostat setting

Histology would be best defined as a study of ________.

tissues

What is the main, general purpose of negative feedback

to maintain homeostasis

The single most abundant chemical substance of the body, accounting for 60% to 80% of body weight, is ________.

water