Chapters 20-22: Electricity and Circuits

A/An _____ is a material in which charges will not move easily, whereas a/an _____ is a material that allows charges to move about easily.

insulator, conductor

The unit _____ is used to measure electric potential energy; whereas the unit _____ is used to measure electric potential difference.

joule, volt

A(n) _____ is an energy unit that power companies use to measure electrical energy use.

kilowatt-hour

A(n)_____ is equal to the amount of energy that a 1,000-W device transforms in 3,600 s.

kilowatt-hour

An area with excess electrons has a net _____ charge; an area with a deficit of electrons has a net _____ charge.

negative, positive

A/An _____ is a type of electric circuit in which there are multiple paths, whereas a/an _____ is a type of electric circuit in which there is a single current path.

parallel circuit, series circuit

A __________ is described as a device with specific resistance and is used to control current.

resistor

A/An _____ is a type of electric circuit in which there is a single current path.

series circuit

Why is an electric field measured only by a small test charge?

so the charge doesn't disturb the field

A flashlight bulb is rated at 0.90 W. If the electric potential drop across the lightbulb is 3.0 V, how much current goes through it?

0.30 A

A car panel lamp has a resistance of 33 ω when it is placed across a 12 V battery. What is the current through the circuit?

0.36 A

A lamp uses 15 W of power when it is connected across 25 V. What is the current through the lamp?

0.60 A

A lightbulb uses 75 W of power when it is connected across a 125 V source. What current does the lamp draw?

0.60 A

A lightbulb uses 100 W of power when connected across 120 V. What is the current drawn by the lightbulb?

0.8 A

A motor with an operating resistance of 32 ω is connected to a voltage source. The current in the circuit is 3.8 A. What is the voltage of the source?

1.2X10^2 V

A sensor uses 2.0 10-4 A of current when it is operated by a 3.0 V battery. What is the resistance of the sensor circuit?

1.5 10^4 ohms

I got a ...

100%

A lamp draws a current of 0.50 A when it is connected to a 120 V source. What is the resistance of the lamp?

2.4 102 ω

The current going through a car starter is 210 A. If the battery maintains 12 V across the motor, how much electrical energy is delivered to the starter in 10.0 s?

2.52X10^4 J

A car battery causes a current of 2.0 A through a lamp and produces 12 V across it. What is the power used by the lamp?

24 W

_____ is described as the ratio of the charge stored on one plate of a capacitor to that capacitor's electric potential difference.

Capacitance (might be wrong)

_____ forces between charges are enormous in comparison to _____ forces.

Electric, gravitational

A/An _____ is described as the flow of electric charge or current equal to one coulomb per second.

ampere

Electric forces can be either repulsive or attractive, whereas gravitational force is always:

attractive

The direction of the force on a positive test charge near another positive charge is _____ the other charge.

away from

Charging by _____ charges a neutral body by touching it with a charged body; whereas charging by _____ charges an object without touching it with a charged body.

conduction; induction

When two bodies are charged, the total charge before and after charging remains the same because of:

conservation of charges

A/An _____ is described as the flow of positive charges that move from a higher to lower potential energy.

conventional current

A(n) _____ is described as a closed loop or pathway that allows electric charges to flow.

electric circuit

A/An _____ is the field that exists around any charged object.

electric field

_____ differences are measured in volts.

electric potential