CHEM 101 Ch 1 Quiz

Who discovered the law of conservation of mass? John Dalton Antoine Lavoisier Nivaldo Tro John Dalton and Antoine Lavoisier none of the above

Antoine Lavoisier

Which of the following is considered a hypothesis (as opposed to an observation)? Spiders have eight legs. Birds can fly because they have hollow bones. Fresh lava from a volcano is hot. The Washington Monument is 555 feet tall. none of the above.

Birds can fly because they have hollow bones.

Which statement accurately describes the purpose of experiments? Experiments are designed to produce the results predicted by a theory. Experiments can be replaced by a simple, logical reasoning of known facts. Experiments are designed to produce unexplainable results for further invetigation. Experiments look for other observable predictions of a theory. none of the above

Experiments look for other observable predictions of a theory.

A hypothesis can never be proven as wrong. True False

False

Antoine Lavoisier observed that burning objects in a closed container resulted in a loss of mass. True False

False

The Greek philosophers used observation and experimentation to understand the world. True False

False

Which of the following would be considered a theory? Glass if fragile. Hot air rises. Gasoline has a very strong odor. Helium balloons float because helium is less dense than air. none of these are a theory

Helium balloons float because helium is less dense than air.

Who discovered the atomic theory? John Dalton Antoine Lavoisier Nivaldo Tro John Dalton and Antoine Lavoisier none of the above

John Dalton

Charcoal was burned in a barbecue grill. The ashes that remained weighed considerably less than the charcoal that was burned. Does this mean that the law of conservation of mass is wrong? Explain.

No, it does not mean that the law of conservation of mass is wrong. The other matter was released into the air in gaseous compounds.

A sample of wood with a mass of 3.0 grams was burned in an open dish. The ashes weighed 1.2 grams. What happened to the rest of the wood? The remaining mass was destroyed. The remaining 1.8 grams was converted into gaseous compounds. Nothing, the burned wood simply has a mass of 1.2 grams. The remaining 1.8 grams was converted into heat. none of the above

The remaining 1.8 grams was converted into gaseous compounds.

Which statement about the scientific method is TRUE? The scientific method emphasizes reason as the way to understand the world. The scientific method emphasizes observation and reason as the way to understand the world. The scientific method emphasizes observation and experimentation as the way to understand the world. The scientific method emphasizes scientific laws as the way to understand the world. All of the above statements are false.

The scientific method emphasizes observation and experimentation as the way to understand the world.

Scientific theories are also called models. True False

True

The atomic theory explains why the law of conservation of mass is true. True False

True

The scientific method ensures that poor theories are eliminated over time and good theories remain. True False

True

Which of the following is an example of an observation? All matter is composed of small, indestructible particles called atoms. Reactions occur due to the transfer of electrons. When a can of soda pop is opened, a fizzing sound is heard. Flammable objects contain phlogiston. none of the above

When a can of soda pop is opened, a fizzing sound is heard.

The definition of a scientific law is: the same as a hypothesis a way of learning that emphasizes observation and experimentation the underlying reason for a scientific theory a number of similar observations generalized into a brief statement summarizing past observations and predicting new ones none of the above

a number of similar observations generalized into a brief statement summarizing past observations and predicting new ones

Which of the following items does NOT contain chemicals? drain cleaner organically grown vegetables air inseticides all of the above contain chemicals

all of the above contain chemicals

Which of the statements below is NOT part of the scientific method? observation and measurement formation of a hypothesis testing of a hypothesis by experimentation refinement of a hypothesis as needed all of the above steps are part of the scientific method

all of the above steps are part of the scientific method

What term best describes a brief statement that summarizes many past observations and predicts new ones? experiment hypothesis scientific law theory none of the above

scientific law

A good definition of chemistry is: the science that seeks to understand what matter does by studying what atoms and molecules do the science that seeks to understand what living organisms do by studying the molecules that make up the organism the science that seeks to understand what the universe does by studying interactions of the molecules with atoms the science that seeks to understand the interactions of molecules for the sake of advancing human control over nature all of the above

the science that seeks to understand what matter does by studying what atoms and molecules do