Chem Ch 4

Which name correctly corresponds with the formula? A. HBr (aq) - Bromic acid B. AlCl3 - Aluminum trichloride C. BF3 - Boron trifluoride D. Cu2S - Copper sulfide

C. BF3 - Boron trifluoride *not D because the roman numerals indicating the charge for Cu are missing

What is the correct name for two nitrogen combining with one oxygen? A. Nitrogen oxide B. Oxygen nitride C. Dinitrogen monoxide D. Nitrogen dioxide

C. Dinitrogen monoxide

What features do all the resonance forms of a molecule or ion have in common? Choose one or more: A.None of these are common between resonance forms. B.arrangement of electrons C.arrangement of atoms D.number of electrons E.formal charge on each atom F.atoms present G.net charge on the molecule or ion

C.arrangement of atoms D.number of electrons F.atoms present G.net charge on the molecule or ion

Which of the following compounds consist of molecules? Choose one or more: CH3(CH2)3OH Ba(NO3)2 LiOH HNO3

CH3(CH2)3OH HNO3 *The others compose metals

Which has the Shortest C-O Bond and highest bond energy? Choose one: CO CO3^2- CO2

CO *Bond order is the highest (3)

Longest C-O Bond Choose one: CO CO3^2- CO2

CO3^2- *because the bond order is the smallest (1.33) meaning the bond length is the longest

Name the following: CO CO2 P4O10 NCl3

Carbon monoxide Carbon dioxide Tetraphosphorus decoxide Nitrogen trichloride

Identify the cation and anion for the following compound: NH4NO3

Cation: NH4 + Anion: NO3 -

Identify the cation and anion. If the formula is not ionic, then identify how it would be classified. Cs2S Choose one or more: Cesium is the cation. Cesium is the anion. Sulfur is the cation. Sulfur is the anion. It would be named as a molecular compound.

Cesium is the cation. Sulfur is the anion.

What is the definition of a polyatomic ion?

Charged group of two or more atoms joined together by covalent bonds

What strongly electronegative elements that when formed with make the other element in the compound have more than a complete octet?

Chlorine, fluorine, and oxygen

Which element in the polar covalent bond would be δ-? Choose one: Cl C B H

Cl

Choose the best definition for a "polar covalent bond". Choose one: A. A bond formed by the transfer of electrons creating charged ions. B. A low energy bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two low-temperature atoms. C. A covalent bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms. D. A bond formed between two atoms that unequally share the bonding electrons between them.

D. A bond formed between two atoms that unequally share the bonding electrons between them.

Which name correctly corresponds with the formula? A. Na3P - sodium phosphate B. CaBr2 - calcium dibromide C. Cu2O - Copper (II) oxide D. Fe2(SO4)3 - Iron (III) sulfate

D. Fe2(SO4)3 - Iron (III) sulfate

Indicate the substance that contains the most negatively charged anion. Choose one: A. BaCl2 B. Al2O3 C. SrS D. Mg3N2

D. Mg3N2

As bond order increases, bond length ___ and bond energy ____

Decreases, increases

What is the definition of bond energy?

Energy required to break 1 mole of bonds in the gas phase

Split the following compound into indv ions with their charges: MgCl2

Mg2+ Cl-

What is the formulas for the following: manganese(II) oxide chromium(III) oxide

MnO Cr2O3

What is the difference between a molecular and ionic compound? What do they look like on a diagram?

Molecular: 2+ covalently bonded nonmetals; displayed as a single connected atom in a particular shape Ionic: A metal and nonmetal held together by a ionic bond; displayed as a block/cube of molecules

What are the prefixes associated with binary molecules?

Mono- 1 Di- 2 Tri- 3 Tetra- 4 Penta- 5 Hexa- 6 Hepta- 7 Octa- 8 Nona- 9 Deca- 10

What is the difference when naming an acid with a monoatomic ion vs an acid with a polyatomic ion?

Monoatomic: has prefix hydro- and -ic suffix Polyatomic: no prefix and suffix can be -ic or -ous depending on suffix of original polyatomic name

Does a higher bond order mean the molecule is more or less stable?

More stable

Write the formulas for the following: Trinitrogen tetroxide Sulfur hexafluoride Diarsenic trisulfide

N3O4 SF6 As2S3

Which of the following has the shortest bond length? O=O N=O C=O

O=O *Farthest right on the periodic table

What is the definition of a oxoanion?

Polyatomic anions containing oxygen in combination with one or more other elements

Metals with variable charges means you have to add what in the name?

Roman numeral charge in parentheses

Name the following compounds: AgCl MgO Fe2S3 CuBr2

Silver chloride Magnesium oxide Iron (III) sulfide Copper (II) bromide

What is the formulas for the following: strontium nitrate lithium bicarbonate

Sr(NO3)2 LiHCO3

True or False polyatomic ions ending in -ate have one more oxygen than that ending in -ite

True

True or False Ionic compounds are neutrally charged

True

What is the definition of a Renaissance structure?

When there is more than one Lewis structure for a molecule that differ only in the position of the electrons

The distance between atoms bonded together is called the

bond length

Sharing of electrons is called ___________ bonding

covalent

Is bond breaking endothermic or exothermic?

endothermic

What does the prefix hypo- mean? What does the prefix per- mean?

means one less oxygen means one more oxygen

What are the names for the following: WO3 PtO2 Ag2O

tungsten(VI) oxide platinum(IV) oxide silver(I) oxide

How do you calculate the formal charge?

(# of V e-) - [# lone pair e- + 1/2(# shared e-)]

Electronegativity explains what? What is the definiton?

- Explains bond polarity - Relative measure of the ability of an atom to attract electrons to itself within a bond

True or False When there is only 1 of the first nonmetal you add the mono- prefix. True or False N2O5 is dinitrogen pentaoxide.

- False *If the first nonmetal of the compound only has a count of 1, there is not prefix - False *when the element starts with a vowel you drop the "a" of the prefix, so pentaoxide -> pentoxide

What is meant by a polar covalent bond? What is meant by a nonpolar covalent bond? What is meant by an ionic bond?

- Unequal sharing of electrons; uneven charge distribution - Equal sharing and even charge distribution - Complete transfer of electrons

If a bond has an electronegativity of 0.0 to 0.4 its? If a bond has an electronegativity of over 0.4 to under 2.0 its? If a bond has an electronegativity of 2.0 and over its?

- nonpolar covalent - polar covalent - ionic

Classify the following as ionic or covalent: 1. Ammonium bromide 2. Calcium hydroxide 3. Dinitrogen pentoxide 4. Tin(IV) oxide

1. Ionic 2. Ionic 3. Covalent 4. Ionic

How many electrons does ClO2 have?

19 electrons

What are binary molecular compounds? What element is written first?

2+ nonmetals Element farthest away from He

How many valence electrons are in the following? If ionic or ion also write the particle ions. C2H2F2 Calcium nitrate Phosphate ion NO Sodium Iodide

24 valence electrons Ionic - Ca^2+ 2[NO3]^- has 24 valence electrons Ion - PO4^3- has 32 valence electrons 11 valence electrons Ionic - Na+ [I]- has 8 valence electrons

What is the total number of valence electrons in the SF5- anion?

42 *6+7(5)+1=42

What are binary ionic compounds?

A metal cation ionically bound to a nonmetal anion

What is the binary ionic compound formed by aluminum and oxygen? A. Al2O3 B. Al3 O2 C. Al2O D. AlO2

A. Al2O3

From the following list of elements, select those that will always form ionic compounds in a 1:2 ratio with the halogens. Choose one or more: A.calcium B.rubidium C.oxygen D.phosphorous E.chlorine F.barium G.cesium H.scandium I.lead

A.calcium F.barium

From the following list of elements, select the elements that are likely to form a cation. Choose one or more: A.scandium B.oxygen C.calcium D.barium E.rubidium F.cesium G.lead H.chlorine I.phosphorous

A.scandium C.calcium D.barium E.rubidium F.cesium G.lead

What trend does bond length follow?

Atomic radius Increases from right to left and down periodic table

Which substance contains the most positively charged cation? Choose one: A. MgCl2 B. AlF3 C. KI D. SrO

B. AlF3

Which name correctly corresponds to the formula? A. magnesium phosphide - Mg2P3 B. magnesium phosphate - Mg3(PO4)2 C. magnesium hydrogen phosphate - Mg(HPO4)2 D. magnesium dihydrogen phosphate - MgH2PO4

B. magnesium phosphate - Mg3(PO4)2

What requirements must be met for an atom to have an expanded valence shell or expanded octet? Choose one or more: A.An atom must have more than eight valence electrons. B.An atom should have an empty d orbital in its valence shell. C.An atom must have a molar mass greater than 50 g/mol. D.An atom must be in period 3 or greater.

B.An atom should have an empty d orbital in its valence shell. D.An atom must be in period 3 or greater.

A lewis symbol is used to show an atoms ________ capacity?

Bonding

What are the three elements that don't form a complete octet?

Boron, beryllium, and aluminum

Which atoms could have an expanded valence shell? Choose one or more: Br H F Te S N

Br Te S

Identify the cation and anion. If the formula is not ionic, then identify how it would be classified. HBr(g) Choose one or more: Hydrogen is the cation. Hydrogen is the anion. Bromine is the cation. Bromine is the anion. It would be named as a molecular compound.

It would be named as a molecular compound.

Name the following compounds: Mg(ClO4)2 NH4NO3 Cu(CH3CO2)2 K2SO3

Magnesium perchlorate Ammonium nitrate Copper (II) acetate Potassium sulfite

What are the names for the following? Mg3(PO4)2 Ca(ClO4)2 LiNO2 CsClO KMnO4

Magnesium phosphate Calcium perchlorate Lithium nitrite Cesium hypochlorite Potassium permanganate

Which of the following compounds consist of ions? Choose one or more: CH3(CH2)3OH HNO3 LiOH Ba(NO3)2

LiOH Ba(NO3)2 *The others are molecular, no metals

Name the following acids: HBr HCl HNO3 H2SO3 HClO

Hydrobromic acid Hydrochloric acid Nitric acid Sulfurous acid Hypochlorous acid

True or False Hypochlorite has more oxygens than perchlorate.

False *HYPOchlorITE has less (ClO-); 1 oxygen *PERchlorATE has more (ClO4-); 4 oxygen

True or False The best lewis structure has a charge on the central atom

False *The best structure have no charges or if it has a net charge it should be on the outside atom(s)

What is the formula and name for when aluminum combines with chlorine.

Formula: AlCl3 Name: Aluminum chloride

From the following list of elements, select those that will always form ionic compounds in a 1:1 ratio with alkaline earth metals. Choose one or more: A.silver B.nitrogen C.aluminum D.magnesium E.chlorine F.cesium G.sulfur H.cadmium I.phosphorus

G.sulfur

Does bond formation require energy or give off energy?

Give off energy