CHEM Chapter 15 Acids and Bases LS Assignment

Nitrous acid (HNO2) is a weak acid. Match each initial concentration of HNO2 with its relative percent ionization? 0.500 M 0.100 M

-0.500= lower percent ionization -0.100= higher percent ionization

rank the pH values below by decreasing acidity of the solution, placing the most acidic solution at the top.

-2.50 -4.00 -7.20 -11.30

rank these bases in order of increasing strength, placing the strongest base at the bottom. -ClCH2COO -Cl2CHCOO -CH3COO -Cl3CCOO

-Cl3CCOO -Cl2CHCOO -ClCH2COO -CH3COO

which of the following formulas can be used to represent the proton donated by an acid in aqueous solution?

-H+ -H3O+

which reactions represent the autoionization of water?

-H2O ---> H+ +OH- -H2O + H2O -----> H3O+ +OH-

arrange the following acids in order of greatest (at the top of the list) to least (at the bottom of the list) amount of H3O+ produced in solution at a given concentration.

-HClO2 (Ka= 1.1 x 10^-2) -HF (Ka= 6.8 x 10^-4) -HClO (Ka= 2.9 x 10^-8) -HCN (Ka= 6.2 x 10^-10)

given that [H+][OH-] is a constant at constant temperature, match each change in concentration with its corresponding effect.

-[H+] increases = [OH-] decreases -[H+] decreases = [OH-] increases

which of the following options correctly represent the relationship between [H3O+] and [OH-] in aqueous solutions at 25 degrees Celsius?

-[H3O+]= 1.0 x 10^-14/[OH-] -[H3O+][OH-]= 1.0 x 10^-14

which of the following statements correctly describe salt hydrolysis?

-salt hydrolysis causes the pH of the resulting solution to be above or below 7.00

which of the following options correctly describe the structural characteristics of strong and weak bases?

-soluble hydroxides are strong bases -compounds that contain the rich compound N are weak bases

which of the following options correctly describe the behavior of acids and bases in aqueous solutions?

-strong bases ionize completely in aqueous solutions -a weak acid ionizes to a limited extent in aqueous solutions -strong acids and bases are electrolytes

select all the statements that correctly describe the acid-base behavior of H2O?

-water is amphoteric -in aqueous HCl, water acts as a Bronsted Base -in aqueous NH3, water acts as a Bronsted acid

when calculating the pH of a weak acid solution, it is justified to assume that [H3O+] derived from the acid is negligible when the [H3O+] is less than __________ % of the initial acid concentration.

5

a compound that contains one or more ________ atoms as well as one or more available ___________ electron pairs can act as either an acid or a base, depending on the reaction.

H; lone

which choice below correctly shows the mathematical relationship between Ka and Kb for a conjugate acid-base pair?

Ka x Kb= Kw

for real solutions, pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the ________ of the H+ ion. For dilute solutions, we use ____________ in place of activity.

activity; concentration

an acid donates a proton to form its conjugate _______, which therefore has one less _______ atom and one more _______ charge than its acid.

base; H; negative

in a Bronsted-Lowry acid-base reaction, the acid reacts to form its __________ _________, and the base will form its ________ ________.

conjugate base; conjugate acid

as the H+ concentration of a solution increases, the OH- concentration will __________, and the value of pOH will _____________.

decrease; increase

true or false: the conjugate base of a weak acid will always be a strong base.

false

acidic solutions have a _______ pOH than basic solutions.

higher

the higher the pH value, the _________ the [H3O+] and the __________ acidic the solution will be.

lower; less

the quantity -log[H3O+] is called the ______ of a solution.

pH

a weak acid ionizes __________ in water and is classified as a ________ electrolyte.

partially; weak

Bronsted base

proton acceptor

Bronsted acid

proton donor

acetic acid (CH3COOH) is a __________ acid compared to NH3; hence CH3COO- is a _________ base than the amide ion NH2-

stronger; weaker

a bronsted acid-base reaction consists of the _______ of a proton from one species to another.

transfer

if the molarity of a solution is given to 2 significant figures (e.g., 0.15M), the pH value will be reported to _______ places after the decimal.

two

the neutralization reaction of a strong acid and a strong base produces __________ and an ionic compound, known as salt.

water