CHEM UNIT 13
which expression represents the pH of a solution
-log[H3O+]
calculate the molarity of a Ba(OH)2 solution if 1900 mL is completely titrated by 261 mL of .505 M HNO3
.0254 M
in a neutral solution, the [H+] is _____
1 x 10-14
which of the following is NOT a strong acid HNO3 CH3COOH H2SO4 HCl
CH3COOh
what is a bronstead lowry acid
a proton donor
in water, hydroxides of group 2 metals
ar all strong bases
in an acid base titration, equivilent quantities of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions are present
at the end point
what type of acid is sulfuric acid
diprotic
in a neutral solution, the [H] is __-
equal to [OH]
a substance with a large Ka would be considered
strong acid
what is the ph of a solution with a concentration of 0.01 M HCl
2
in the reaction HClO3 + NH3 = NH4+ + ClO3- the conjugate base of HClO3 is
ClO3-
which of the following represents a bronstead-lowry conjugate base pair SO and SO CO and CO HO and H NH and NH
Nh and NH
what is transferred between a conjugate acid base pair
a proton
what is transferred between a conjugate acid-base pair
a proton
a lewis base is an
electron-pair donor
with solutions of strong acids and strong bases, the word strong refers to ____
ionization
if [H3O+] of a solution is greater than [OH], the solution ______
is always acidic
what are properties of an acid
pH less than 7 sour taste [H+] > [OH-]
in a titration, when the number of moles of hydrogen ions equals the number of models of hydroxide ions, what is said to have happened
the equivalence point has been reached
indicators are classified into three types according to
the ph at which they change color
what type of acid is phosphoric acid
triprotic - GOES OFF OF HYDROGEN
which compound can act as both a bronstead lowry acid and a bronstead lowry base
water
pure water contains what
water molecules, H, OH
a .12 M solution of an acid that ionizes only SLIGHTLY in solution would be termed _______
weak
during an acid base titration, a very rapid change in pH occurs when
when the amounts of H3O and OH are nearly equivalent
a base is weak if its tendency to ____
attract a proton is slight
in the reaction H3PO4 + H2O = H3O + H2PO4- the ion H2PO4- acts as a
base
which type of solution is one with a pH of 8
basic
which type of solution si one with a pH of 8
basic
what is the basic assumption in the arrhenius theory
because acids and bases conduct electric current, they must produce ions in solution
what are properties of a base
bitter slippery feel [H+] < [OH-]
which indicator is used to study neutralizations of strong acids with strong bases
bromthymol blue
whose definition of acids and bases emphasizes the role of protons
bronstead and lowry
what theory of acids and bases do conjugate acids and bases belong to
bronstead lowry
the reaction HCl + KOH = KCl + H2O is a
bronstead lowry acid-base reaction
in the reaction CO + HO = HCO + OH, the carbonate ion is acting as a ______
bronstead lowry base
with solutions of strong acids and strong bases, the word strong refers to
degree of ionization
during a titration, the indicator changing color indicated that the ____ has been reached
end point
what distinguishes the equivalence point from the end point
equal moles of acid and base vs color change of indicator
the acid dissociation constant for an acid dissolved in water is equal to the ______
equilibtium constant times the concentration of water
the pH of a basic solution is what
greater than 7
a conjugate acid is the species that
is formed by the addition of a proton to a base
what is the transition interval for litmus
pH 5.5-8.0
the K of carbonic acid is 4.3 x 10 HCO = H + HCo this means that HCO is a ____
poor hydrogen ion donor
a conjugate base is the species that
remains after an acid has given up a proton
when an acid reacts with a base, what compounds are produced
salt and water
pure water partially breaks down into charged particles in a process called what
self-ionization
which of the following bases is strong sodium hydroxide magnesium hydroxide ammonia vinegar
sodium hydroxide
what is true about arrhenius bases
some are ionic hydroxides they dissociate in solution to release hydrogen ions into the solution some react with water and remove a hydrogen ion, leaving hydroxide ions
in the equation CH3COOH + H2O = H3O + CH3COOH H2O is a weak base and H3O is a
strong acid
which acid is used in batteries
sulfuric acid
what is true about arrhenius bases
their water solutions are called aqueous acids they are molecular compounds with ionizible hydrogen atoms their pure aqueous solutions are electrolytes
the process of adding a known amount of solution of known concentration to determine the concentration of another solution is called _____
titration
if [OH1-] = 1 x 10-4 M, what is the pH of the solution
10
what is the concentration of OH- in a solution
10-14 x [H3O+]
the pH of solution is 9. what is its H30 concentration
10-9 M
if the hydroxide-ion concentration is 1 x 10-12 M, what is the pH of the solution
2
what is the hydrogen-ion concentration if the pH is 3.7
2 x 10-4
what is the hydroxide ion concentration of a solution whose pH is 12.40
2.5 x 10-2 M
what is the pH of a 10-4 M HCl solution
4
what is the pH of a neutral solution at 25 C
7
the formula of the hydrogen ion is often written as _____
H
what are the acids in the following: CN1- + H2O = HCN + OH1-
H2O and HCN
the substance produced when KOH neutralized HCl are what
H2O and KCl
strong acids
HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2So4, HClO4
which of the following reactions illustrate amphiprotism HO + HO = HO + HO NaCl = Na + OH HCl + HO = HO + C NaOH = Na + OH
HO + HO = HO + HO
the acid dissociation constant (Ka) for an acid dissolved in water is equal to the ____ x______-
[H+][OH-] [H3O][OH-]
which of these solutions is the most basic
[H] = 1 x 10M
what is an acid according to arrhenius
a substance that releases H+ when placed in water
A lewis acid is a substance that can ____
accept a hydrogen ion
a lewis acid is a substance that can _____
accept an electron pair
which of the following is a weak base acetate ion hydroxide ion hydronium ion hydrogen ion
acetate ion
which of the following pairs consists of a weak acid and strong base sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide acetic acid, ammonia acetic acid, sodium hydroxide nitric acid, calcium hydroxide
acetic acid, sodium hydroxide
which of the following represents a bronstead lowry conjugate acid base pair so32- and SO2 NH41+ and NH3 CO and COOH HCl and NaCl
NH41+ and NH3
what is an arrhenius base
INCREASE OH CONCENTRATIOn
which of these is an arrhenius base CH3COOH LiOH NH3 HCl
LiOH (OH)
in the reaction HClO3 + NH3 = NH4+ + ClO3- the conjugate acid of NH3 is
NH4