chem unit 15
Name some properties of acids
(They are liquids. They are solutions of compounds in water. Usually react with metals to form salts. Acids contain hydrogen ions.)
If 35.40 mL of 1.00 M HCl is neutralized by 67.30 mL of NaOH, what is the molarity of the NaOH solution?
0.526 M
What is the pH of 0.03 M HCl? What is the pOH?
1.52, 12.48
What is the pOH of 0.134 M KOH? What is the pH?
1.87, 12.13
Calculate the hydronium ion concentration in a solution of 0.365 M NaOH
2.74 x 10-14 M
The pH of a solution is 9.5. What is [H3O+]? What is [OH-]?
3.2 x 10-10 M, 3.2 x 10-5 M
What volume of 0.100 M NaOH is required to neutralize 25.00 mL of 0.150 M HCl?
37.5 mL
If the hydronium ion concentration in a solution is 1.63 x 10-8 M, what is the hydroxide ion concentration?
6.13 x 10-7 M
What is the Arrhenius definition of an acid?
A substance that increases H3O+ concentration when it is dissolved in water.
What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of a base?
proton acceptor
How does a strong base differ from a weak base?
the difference between a weak base and strong base is the degree of ionisation.
What is a conjugate acid?
the particle formed when a base gains a hydrogen ion
What is the equivalence point?
the point at which neutralization occurs
What is the Arrhenius definition of a base?
Any substance that dissociates into a negative hydroxide and a cation.
What is a neutralization reaction?
Chemical reaction between an acid and a base in an aqueous solution
What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of an acid?
Hydroxide ions are still bases because they accept hydrogen ions from acids and form water. An acid produces hydrogen ions in solution because it reacts with the water molecules by giving a proton to them.
How does a strong acid differ from a weak acid?
Strong acids dissociate completely, meaning they donate all of their protons into the solution
What is Kw?
The ionic product of water (1.0x10^-14)
What is a conjugate base?
The molecule that is ready to accept a proton.
What is an amphoteric substance?
a substance that can act as both an acid and a base
Name some properties of bases.
creates hydroxide ions when mixed with water, pH >7, and strong ones are poisonous and corrosive
