Chemical and Physical Layers of the Earth

inner core

A dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of Earth

outer core

A layer of molten iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core of Earth

Atmosphere

A mixture of gases that surrounds a planet or moon

Lithosphere

A rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust.

Hydrosphere

All the water at and near the surface of the earth, 97% of which is in oceans

Earth's magnetic field

Magnetic lines of force from Earth's polar north and south, acting like a giant magnet.

core

The central part of the earth below the mantle

Mantle

The layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core. Convection Currents.

Asthenosphere

The mantle below the lithosphere, in which there is relatively low resistance to plastic flow and convection is thought to occur.

Geosphere

The mostly solid, rocky part of the Earth; extends from the center of the core to the surface of the crust.

Mesosphere

The strong, lower part of the mantle between the asthenosphere and the outer core

Crust

The thin and solid outermost layer of the Earth above the mantle

convection current

a current caused by the rising of heated fluid and sinking of cooled fluid

Chemical Layers of Earth

crust, mantle, core

Physical Layers of the Earth

lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core