Chemical Equations & Reactions - chpt 8

Write a formula equation: magnesium + oxygen ---> magnesium oxide

2Mg + O2 ---> 2MgO

Balance the following equation: PbO2 ---> PbO + O2

2PbO2 ---> 2PbO + O2

The general equation for a single-replacement reaction is ________

A + BX ---> AX + B

The general equation for a synthesis reaction is ________

A + X ---> AX

In a chemical equation, the symbol (l) indicates that the substance is ______

A liquid

How are a word equation and a formula equation alike? How do they differ from a chemical equation?

A word and formula equation both represent the reactants and products in a chemical reaction, but they have to balance the elements in the reaction, unlike word & formula equations.

The general equation for a double-replacement reaction is ________

AX + BY ---> AY + BX

The general equation for a decomposition reaction is ________

AX ----> A + X

A list of elements ordered by the ease with which they undergo certain chemical reactions is a(n) ________

Activity Series

Write a formula equation: Calcium carbonate ---> calcium oxide + carbon dioxide

CaCO3 ---> CaO + CO2

The names and relative amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction are represented using symbols and formulas in a(n) ________

Chemical Equation

Will the reaction occur and what is it's balanced equation: Mg(s) + Co(NO3)2 (aq)

Co + Mg(NO3)2

A small whole number that appears in front of a formula in a chemical equation is called a(n) ________

Coefficient

A chemical reaction in which a substance combines with oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy as heat and light, is a(n) ________

Combustion reaction

The law of ________ must be satisfied for a chemical equation to be balanced.

Conservation of Mass

The decomposition of a substance by an electric current is called ________

Electrolysis

A(n) ________ product is sometimes indicated by an arrow pointing upward.

Gaseous

The symbol --> with triangle on top, means that the reactants are ________

Heated

Oxides of active metals, such as CaO, react with water to form ________

Metal Oxide

What are three observations that indicate a chemical change may be taking place?

Odor, forming of a precipitate, heat will be emitted, and a gas may be formed.

A chemical reaction in which the products re-form the original reactants is a(n) _______

Reversible Reaction

Write the word equation for: 2NaI + Cl2 ---> 2NaCl + I2

Sodium iodine + chlorine gas --> sodium chloride + iodine

Will the reaction occur and what is it's balanced equation: Cl2(g) + MgBr2(aq)

Yes Br2 + MgCl2

Will the reaction occur and what is it's balanced equation: Ni(s) + CuCl2(aq)

Yes Cu + NiCl2

Will the reaction occur and what is it's balanced equation: Zn(s) + HCl(aq)

Yes H + ZnCl

Will the reaction occur and what is it's balanced equation: Cr(s) + H2O(l)

Yes H2 + CrO

Will the reaction occur and what is it's balanced equation: Ni(s) + H2O (l)

Yes H2 + NiO

Will the reaction occur and what is it's balanced equation: Mg(s) + Steam

Yes. Mg(s) + 2H2O (g) ---> Mg(OH2) (aq) + H2 (g)

Will the reaction occur and what is it's balanced equation: Pt(s) + O2(g)

Yes. PtO2

Write the word equation for: 2ZnS(s) + 3O2(g) --> 2ZnO(s) + 2SO2(g)

Zinc sulfide + oxygen gas --> zinc oxide + sulfur dioxide gas

Balance the following equation: Zn(OH)2 + CH3COOH ---> Zn(CH2COO)2 + H2O

Zn(OH)2 + 2CH3COOH ---> Zn(CH2COO)2 + 2H2O

To balance a chemical equation it is permissible to adjust the __ a. Coefficients b. Subscripts c. Formulas of the products d. Number of products

a. Coefficients

The coefficients in a chemical equation ______ a. Indicate the number of moles of each substance that react b. Show the number of grams of each substance that react c. Are the molar masses of the substances d. Show the valence electrons for each atom

a. Indicate the number of moles of each substance that react

The use of a double arrow in a chemical equation indicates that the reaction ___ a. is reversible b. requires heat c. is written backward d. has not been confirmed in the lab

a. is reversible

In a chemical equation, the symbol (aq) indicates that the substance is ____ a. Water b. Dissolved in water c. An acid d. Insoluble

b. Dissolved in water

If metal X is lower than metal Y in the activity series, then ___ a. X will replace ions of Y in solution b. Y will replace ions of X in solution c. Y will form oxides only indirectly d. X will react with cold water.

b. Y will replace ions of X in solution

In a reaction, the ions of two compounds exchange places in aqueous solution to form two new compounds. This reaction is called a(n) ___ a. Synthesis reaction b. Decomposition reaction c. Single-replacement reaction d. Double-replacement reaction

d. Double-replacement reaction

The tendency for a replacement reaction to occur increases as the ___ a. Interval between any two elements in the activity series decreases b. Temperature decreases c. Valence electrons are used up d. Interval between any two elements in the activity series increases

d. Interval between any two elements in the activity series increases

Balance the following equation: AgNO3 + CuCl2 ---> AgCl + Cu(NO3)2

2AgNO3 + CuCl2 ---> 2AgCl + Cu(NO3)2

The production of a slightly soluble solid compound in a double displacement reaction results in formation of a ___ a. Gas b. Precipitate c. Combustion Reaction d. Halogen

B. Precipitate