Chemical Science: Unit 1 Extra Credit Quiz

Why is Galileo considered the "father of modern science"?

He did experiments and contributed a lot to science

The first scientist to support the hypothesis that matter is atomic with quantitative measurements was

John Dalton

An example of a homogeneous mixture is

Kool-Aid

The first to propose the existence of atoms was

Leucippus and Democritus

What is wrong with this statement: "My theory for why what I saw happened is...

They mean a hypothesis

Periodic Table of Elements

a chart where all the elements are organized into periods and groups according to their properties

Which of the following would be a good example of a hypothesis in the scientific method process?

a clinician contemplates that taking a vitamin every day, may decrease the level of tiredness in people

A theory is: a) a collection of laws and hypotheses that explains a broad range of observations b) a guess c) the same as an hypothesis d) the same as a law

a collection of laws and hypotheses that explains a broad range of observations

How long has the concept that all matter is composed of atoms been widely accepted?

a few hundred years

The difference between a hypothesis and a theory is: a) a theory is proven, a hypothesis is not b) a hypothesis explains a lot of observations, a theory a few/one c) a hypothesis explains a few/one observations, a theory a lot d) nothing, they are the same

a hypothesis explains a few/one observations, a theory a lot

Which of the following would be a good example of an observation in the scientific method process? a). a physician observing a patient's reaction to some medication b). a physician speaking with and observing a patient in an examination room c). a physician observing his watch d). a physician diagnosing a patient

a physician observing a patient's reaction to some medication

Which of the following would be a good example of a hypothesis in the scientific method process? a). a researcher considers that the more sunlight a green plant receives, the larger the plant will grow b). a researcher watches as a green plant exposed to more sunlight grows over a period of 1 month c). a researcher predicts the outcome of an experiment d). a researcher wonders amount the effect of more sunlight on green plant growth

a researcher considers that the more sunlight a green plant receives, the larger the plant will grow

Which of the following is an example of basic research a). a researcher tries to study the effect of a new drug on HIV-inhibition b). a researcher studies a hormone and its prospect as a cell signaling molecule c). a researcher tries to develop a new anti-cancer drug d). a researcher researches a topic in the library

a researcher studies a hormone and its prospect as a cell signaling molecule

Which of the following is an example of applied research? a). a researcher researches a topic in the library b). a researcher tries to develop a new anti-cancer drug c). a researcher tries to extract a newly found natural product from plants to study its medicinal properties d). a researcher studies a hormone and its prospect as a cell signaling molecule

a researcher tries to develop a new anti-cancer drug

Which of the following would be a good example of an observation in the scientific method process?

a researcher watching a chemical reaction and noting color and temperature changes

An example of a heterogeneous mixture is a). sugar water b). gold c). a rock d). air

a rock

Which of the following would be considered a chemical change?

a rusting nail

Which is a physical change? a) iron rusts b) a person loses 10 pounds c) a tree grows d) a sponge grows larger when it absorbs water

a sponge grows larger when it absorbs water

Which is of the following is an example of a physical property? a). carbon monoxide is poisonous b). acids are sour and bases are bitter c). helium is unreactive d). an iron nail rusts

acids are sour and bases are bitter

Which statement is correct about the scientific method process?

after testing a hypothesis, a conclusion can be drawn on whether it will be accepted or rejected

_______ attempted to turn base metals into noble metals like gold. a) early chemists b) Stone Age cavemen c) John Dalton d) alchemists

alchemists

The simplest type of substance that cannot be broken down into simpler stable substances is a). a compound b). an element c). a mixture d). a molecule

an element

An example of a pure substance is

an element and a compound

The basic building blocks of matter are

atoms

What can be used to measure the mass of an object? a) caliper b) tape measure c) clock d) balance

balance

Why is chemistry considered a central science?

because it is the fundamental science for many other disciplines

Which of the following would be considered a physical change? a). digesting food b). burning paper c). grass growing d). boiling water

boiling water

Which is of the following is an example of a chemical property?

carbon monoxide is poisonous

In a ______ change, substances change identity/turn into different substances

chemical

________ can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions

compounds

A chemical property

describes how a substance changes identity

A physical property

describes something not involving a chemical change

Which of the following is not part of the scientific method process?

discussion

Which of the following is not part of the scientific method process? a). prediction b). observation c). discussion d). experimentation

discussion

Once a hypothesis has been established, it can be tested by conducting an _____.

experiment

The state where particles are far apart and move very fast is

gas

A salt water solution is classified as what type of matter?

homogeneous mixture

A tentative, untested explanation for a natural phenomenon is

how all hypotheses start before testing them

We get the word "atom" from the Greek word atomos, which means

indivisible

What is basic research? a) it deals primarily with solving practical laboratory problems b) it deals primarily with theoretical untested aspects of science c) it deals primarily with solving practical real-world problems d) it deals primarily with the fundamentals of science that may result in future applications

it deals primarily with the fundamentals of science that may result in future applications

A statement about mass always being conserved in a chemical reaction is an example of a

law

The state where particles are close together and can move around is

liquid

What physical state as a definite volume but no definite shape?

liquid

A law becomes a theory

never

List the basic steps of the scientific method process in the order they must be carried out.

observation, hypothesis, prediction, experimentation, and conclusion

How old is the concept that matter is composed of atoms?

over 2,000 years

The most abundant element on Earth by mass is

oxygen

What is applied research? a) it deals primarily with the fundamentals of science that may result b) in future applications c) it deals primarily with solving practical real-world problems d) it deals primarily with theoretical untested aspects of science e) it deals primarily with solving practical laboratory problems

scientific study that aims to solve practical real-world problems

A scientific/natural law

states what has always been known to occur without exception

Which is of the following is an example of a physical property?

the color of paint

The difference between a a mixture and a compound is a). a mixture is a pure substance, a compound is not b). the composition of a mixture can be changed c). nothing, they are different terms for the same thing d). the composition of a compound can be changed, a mixture cannot

the composition of a mixture can be changed

An explanation for the collection of observations is considered a _____.

theory

a collection of laws and hypotheses that explains a broad range of observations

theory

Which of the following would be good tools for making scientific observations during a chemical reaction? a) thermometer, your eyes, tape measure b) balance, clock, watch c) barometer, thermometer, scale d) thermometer, your eyes, clock

thermometer, your eyes, clock