Chemistry Chapter 14
Name the following acids: HCLO2
Chlorous acid
What makes an acid weak?
A poor donor, stable. Low ionization when placed in water, and doesn't ionize 100% in water.
Name the following acids: H2S
Hydrosulfuric acid
Name the following acids: HNO2
Nitrous acid
Define Lewis acids and bases and give 2 examples of each:
Lewis Acid: Is an atom, ion, or molecule that accepts an electron pair to form a covalent bond [Ex. BF3. AlCl3 and any cation (H+)] Lewis Base: Is an atom, ion or molecule that donates an electron pair to form a covalent bond [Ex. NH3, any anion, water when it forms the hydronium ion]
Define a weak base and give 3 examples
More polarized and less likely to move. Its more stable; the hydrogen is hard to move. The weak acceptor of H+. [NH3, any conjugate base of any weak acid]
In the reaction NH3 + H20 -> NH4 + OH ; explain which of the three definitions of acids and bases that NH3 and H2O meet
NH3 : All of them (OH Producer, H+ acceptor, Lewis Base) H2O : Only Bronsted-Lowry just H+ donor
Name the following acids: H3PO4
Phosphoric acid
Explain the difference between a strong acid an a weak acid. Which acid exists in the highest concentration and why?
Strong acid is unstable/reactive, meaning the Hydrogen is easy to move. Weak acid is stable/nonreactive, meaning the Hydrogen is harder to move.
Name the following acids: H2SO4
Sulfuric acid
Identify the Lewis Acid and base in the following reaction: Cl + BF3 -> [BF3Cl]
The Cl is a Lewis base. the BF3 is Lewis acid.
A conjugate acid is the species that...
is formed when a Bronsted-Lowry base gains a proton
The chemical formula for: phosphoric acid
H3PO4
The chemical formula for: bromic acid
HBrO3 [strong acid]
The chemical formula for: hypochlorous acid
HCLO
The chemical formula for: hydrosulfuric acid
H2S
The chemical formula for: sulfurous acid
H2SO4
The chemical formula for: carbonic acid
H2CO3
Acid-Base reactions favor production of the: a. stronger acid and stronger base b. weaker acid and weaker base c. stronger acid and weaker base d. weaker acid and stronger base
b. weaker acid and weaker base
The conjugate of a strong base is a...
weak acid.