Chemistry Compendium

Deodorant

Methyl salicylate is used as a _______________ in embalming fluids.

Is a product of protein decomposition

Nh3 has a significant for the embalmer because it: is a product of carbohydrate decomposition, is a product of protein be composition, is capable of increasing fluid index, or is a product of liquid decomposition?

Acids

Of the following, which type of compound you'll hydrogen ions when in solution? Oxides, bases, salts, or acids?

Mold growth

Paradichlorobenzene is sometimes sprayed in the casket to prevent __________ ___________.

Preservative

Phenol is used in embalming fluids as a: preservative, surfactant, dye, or vehicle?

Methanol

Polymerization of formaldehyde is inhibited by the addition of: Water, borax, eosin, or methanol?

Amphoteric

Proteins are: inorganic, waxes, oils, or amphoteric?

Anticoagulant

Sodium citrate is a/n __________________ used in the embalming process.

Anticoagulants

Sodium salt of EDTA, oxalates and sodium citrates are used as __________________ in arterial fluids.

Compounds

Substances that can be decomposed or separated into singular substances are: Compounds, ions, atoms, or elements?

The melting point

Temperature and pressure at which a solid turns to a liquid is known as the ____________ _________.

Capacity of the container

The _____________ of the container will not have effect on the solubility of a given solvent.

Reversible in the presence of an abundance of water

The action that formaldehyde has on proteins is: reversible in the presence of an abundance of water, can be broken down in the presence of a strong oxidizing agent, permanent and plastic, stronger than the powers of decomposition?

Hydrogen

The active ingredient in acid that makes it an acid? Oxide, hydroxyl, oxygen, or hydrogen?

Sodium Hydroxide

The chemical formula NaOH denotes which of the following compounds? Potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, ammonium oxide, or sodium oxide?

Neutralization

The chemical reaction between an acid and base is known as: neutralization, Hydrolysis, synthesis, or oxidation?

The esters

The class of compounds used in embalming fluids as perfuming agents: Ethers, Esters, Amines, or Mercaptans?

A preservative

The function of methanal in embalming fluid: a penetrating agent, a buffer, an anticoagulant, or a preservative?

Dehydration/dessication

The loss of water from a compound is called _____________/________________.

Hydrogen

The main constituent of an acid is: oxide, hydroxyl, oxygen, or hydrogen?

Both are correct

The mixture of formaldehyde with household bleach will create a deadly carcinogenic agent known as BCME, bis-chloromethyl ether, both are correct, or none are correct?

Polysaccharides

The most complex of all carbohydrates are the: polysaccharides, trisaccharides, monosaccharides, or disaccharides?

Water

The most important vehicle for an arterial solution is: Lanolin, Water, Formaldehyde, or Glycerol?

Formic acid

The oxidation of formaldehyde yields/forms: stearic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, or lactic acid?

Deamination

The removal of the amino group from an amino acid is: coagulation, imbibition, deamination, or decarboxylation?

Cause of blood clotting

The significance of hard water to the embalmer due to the salts that cause hardness in the water and _________ __ _______ ___________.

A substrate

The substance that an enzyme acts upon is: a substrate, a solvent, a solute, or a solution?

The formaldehyde demand

The total amount of formaldehyde required to preserve all protein in the body is the: decarboxylation demand, with formaldehyde residual, the saponification demand, or the formaldehyde demand?

Temporary hardness

The type of hardness which could be removed by boiling is: temporary hardness, permanent hardness, nonmetallic hardness, or binary hardness?

Osmosis

The welling of a body during embalming may be due to which one of the following: Surface tension, osmosis, distribution, or dialysis?

Emulsifying agents

These compounds break down large fat globules into small droplets to increase the surface area of the fat so that it can be more easily digested or washed away: waxes, emulsifying agents, plaster of paris, or emollient cream?

A mixture

Two or more substances that are found together but are not chemically combined form: a mixture, a state, an element, or a compound?

Promote blood clotting

Water of high mineral content, such as hard water, tends to: promote blood clotting, prevent blood clotting, have no effect on blood clotting, or dilate blood vessels?

Deodorant

What is benzaldehyde used for in embalming fluids?

Benzene

What is the basic unit (parent structure) of all aromatic compounds? Formaldehyde, Benzene, Phenol, or Benzaldehyde?

Benzene Ring

What is the parent structure of all aromatic compounds? Benzene, The Benzene Ring, Formaldehyde, or Phenol?

All of these

Which of the following is a physical property of matter? Solubility, density, or specific gravity?

High index of formaldehyde

Which of the following is not a characteristic of jaundice fluids? Strong active dyes, strong reducing agents, high index of formaldehyde, or low index of formaldehyde?

Tearing of paper

Which of the following is not a chemical change? Rusting of iron, decomposition of remains, tearing of paper, or cremation of human remains?

Hydrogen hydroxide/Dihydrogen oxide

Which of the following is not a hazardous substance used in embalming fluids? Acetone, Methanol, Formaldehyde, or Hydrogen hydroxide(dihydrogen oxide)?

Cost of the fluid

Which of the following is not important in determining the shelf life of an arterial fluid? The presence of anti polymerization agents, the presence of buffers, cost of the fluid, or exposure to light?

They are normally injected into body cavities

Which of the following statements is false considering arterial fluid? They are normally injected into the arterial system, they normally contain surfactants, they are normally injected into body cavities, or they normally contain dye?

1, 2, and 3 only

Which of the following used in arterial formulations fall under the heading of modifying agents? 1-Anticoagulants 2-Humectants 3-Buffers 4-Preservatives

A high concentration of formaldehyde

Which of the following would not be found in a pre injection fluid? Water conditioning agents, a high concentration of formaldehyde, anticoagulant, or a low concentration of preservatives?

Active dyes

Which of the following would not normally be present in a cavity fluid? Preservatives, active dyes, coagulants, or germicides?

Salts

Which of the following yields both metallic and non-metallic ions in a solution? Bases, ethers, salts, or acids?

Quaternaries

Which of these compounds contain the ammonium radical? Quaternaries, ternaries, secondaries, or primaries?

Formaldehyde

Which of these compounds is described as a water soluble gas with an irritating pungent odor? Benzene, sodium chlorine, formaldehyde, or acetone?

They have a pleasant ordor

Which of these is not a property of organic a means? They have a pleasant odor, they are byproducts of the decomposition protein, they contain amino acids, or they have a disagreeable order?

Carbon monoxide

Which of these substances is not derived from the decomposition of proteins? Putrescine cadaverine, ammonia, or carbon monoxide?

Isomers

compounds which have identical molecular formula but different structural are: aldehydes, isotopes, isomers, or radicals?

Glycerol

A trihydroxy alcohol found in both embalming fluids and in the structure of lipids and fats is: Methanol, Glycerol, Sorbitol, or Ethanol?

Proteins

Are ionic compounds held together by peptide bonds are: proteins, carbohydrates, fat, or starches?

Solid state

Paraformaldehyde is formaldehyde in: a liquid state, isotopic state, solid state, or gaseous state?

Viscosity

The measure of a liquid's resistance to flow is: specific gravity, viscosity, density, or surface tension?

Dialysis

The process used to separate colloidal solutes from crystalloidal solutes is: Osmosis, diffusion, dialysis, or hemolysis?

Salt and water

The products of neutralization are: metallic salts and nonmetallic oxide, salt and water, hydrides and phosphates, or acids and bases?

Mold inhibitor

What is paradiclorobenzene used for in embalming powders? Disinfectant, mold inhibitor, surfactant, or buffer?

Disinfectants

What is the quaternary ammonium compounds used for in embalming fluid? Anticoagulants, buffers, humectants, or disinfectants?

Cavity fluids

What type of embalming fluids contain high concentrations of disinfectant and preservatives but generally lack active dyes and other modifying agents? Humectants, cavities fluids, co injection fluids, or jaundice fluids?

A mixture

What type of substance is embalming fluid? An isotope, an element, a mixture, or a compound?

All of these

Which are dyes used in arterial fluid: Eosin, ponceau red, erythrosine, or all of these?

C,H,O

Which of the following are always present I'm carbohydrates? C,H,O,N; C,H,O,N,P,S; C,H,O; or CA,H,O?

All of these

Which of the following are dyes used in arterial formulations? 1- Eosin 2- Ponceau 3- Erythrosin 4- Amaranth

CH3OH and H2O

Which of the following are used as vehicles in embalming fluids: c6h5oh, ch3oh, h2o, ch3ch2ch2oh?

CH(CH2)3CHO and HCHO

Which of the following chemicals are used as preservatives in arterial formulations? CHO(CH2)3CHO, Sodium salt of EDTA, HCHO, or CH3COCH3?

All of these

Which of the following have been used as vehicles in arterial fluids? H2O, CH2OHCHOCH2OH, CH3OH, or All of these?

Fats

_______ are changed into adipocere by the saponification process.

Cavity fluids

__________ _________ generally have a higher index that arterial fluids.

Nitrogen

_____________, an element or type of element, is an important substance in the production of a decomposition resistant substance known as coagulate.

Surfactant

A chemical used in embalming to reduce surface tension and aid in penetration is known as a ________________.

Saturated

A solution containing all the solute it can hold under ordinary conditions is said to be ___________________.

Unsaturated

A solution containing less solute than it could hold under ordinary conditions is known as ____________________.

Aqueous

A solution created with water as the solvent is said to be: hydroxide, hydrate, aqueous, or aromic?

Humectant

A substance in embalming fluid which serves to retain moisture in the body is known as a _______________.

Amphoteric

A substance that can be used as a buffer because it can act as either an acid or a base is considered to be: an emulsifier, colloidal, amphoteric, or imbibitic?

Surfactant

A substance that is capable of bring about a reduction in the surface tension of a fluid: none of these, surfactant, preservative, or buffer?

Solid

A substance with definite shape and volume is a ___________.

Carbolic acid

A synonym of Phenol is ____________ _______.

pH values

Acidity or alkalinity is conveniently expressed by a scale of ____ values.

A soap

Adipocere is chemically most similar to __________.

Carboxylic acid

Aldehyde when partially oxidized forms _____________ _______.

Urotropin

Ammonia combined with formaldehyde based substances, form a neutral compound known as ________________.

Float

An object with a specific gravity of less than 1, when placed in water, will: dissolve, float, sink, or evaporate?

Wood alcohol

Another name for methyl alcohol is _________ ______________.

Solid state

At room temperature, paraformaldehyde is in the: solid state, liquid state, molecular state, or gaseous state?

Deodorants

Benzaldehyde, oil of cloves, oil of sassafras and oil of wintergreen are all used in arterial fluids as? Vehicles, buffers, chelating agents, or deodorants?

1, 2, and 4 only

Carbolic acid is useful to embalmers in a surface pack because it: 1-bleaches tissue 2-cauterizes tissue 3-kills most saprophytic bacteria 4- kills most pathogenic bacteria

Physical properties

Characteristics of a substance as it exists in nature is its ____________ ___________________.

Putrefaction

Deamination and decarboxylation occur simultaneously during _____________________.

A chemical change

Decomposition of the human body is: a chemical change, a chemical property, a physical properties, or a physical change?

Methylene Glycol- HCHO + H2O > CH2(OH)2

Formaldehyde in a closed system such as an embalming fluid bottle, actually exists as: Paraformaldehyde, Acetone, Methylene Glycol, or Phenol?

Gas in a liquid

Formaldehyde in arterial solution is an example of which of the following types of solutions? Solid in a liquid, Liquid in a liquid, gas in a liquid, or plasma in a liquid?

Methanol

Formaldehyde is produced by the catalytic oxidation of: Methanol, propanol, butanol, or ethanol?

Both A and B

Formaldehyde, in terms of embalming, is used as a: A.Preservative B.Disinfectant C.Humectant D.Both A and B

All of these

Glycerol can be used in embalming formulations as a: Humectant, Vehicle, Solvent, or All of these?

Heating

Hydrates can easily be broken up to form anhydrous compounds by: freezing, heating, agitation, radioactivity?

Below 7

If a solution is acid, its pH will be: below 7, equal to 7, above 7, or 14?

Presence of metallic salts

In the compound water, hardness is cause be: Non-metallic residue, absence of metallic salts, presence of metallic salts, or radioactivity?

Vehicles

In the use with embalming fluids, water and methyl alcohol are two examples: Isomers, buffers, indicators, or vehicles?