Child Psychology

James is 9 years old. Which stage of development is he currently in, according to Piaget?

Concrete operations

To find out if a child has high self-esteem, what question would one ask?

"Are you succeeding in the areas of life you really care about?"

The frontal lobes develop:

slowly; they let people consider options and inhibit immediate responses.

This is the area at the uppermost front of the brain.

Frontal lobe

When do MOST people master learning strategies such as rehearsal and selective attention?

In elementary school

Brandon is in the third grade. What stage of development is he in?

Middle childhood

Childhood obesity is defined as having:

a BMI at or above the 95th percentile.

The top-ranking health disorder among U.S. children today, affecting 1 in 10 children, is:

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

If a child is being bullied, the child's BEST defense is to:

have a strong sense of self-efficacy.

"Imagine how hurt you would feel if your friend treated you that way." This type of child-rearing intervention is called:

induction

Erikson viewed the main goal of middle childhood as:

industry.

Children who are excessively timid, self-conscious, and depressed may have _____ tendencies.

internalizing

John is 7 years old and does NOT like new social situations. Every time he and his mother are in a new situation he stays next to his mother and has even hidden behind her. He is demonstrating _____ tendencies.

internalizing

Synaptogenesis refers to the process of:

making billions of connections between neurons.

Effective interventions to reduce bullying center on:

making bullying a socially unacceptable activity.

Long-term weight problems can be detected as early as:

preschool

Shame, or the feeling of being personally humiliated, makes one want to:

withdraw from others.

Fostering school self-efficacy involves praising children for:

working hard.

Middle childhood refers to boys and girls aged:

7 to 12.

Deficits in executive functions are the main symptoms of:

ADHD.

Dopamine is the neurotransmitter that has been implicated in:

ADHD.

Which statement about shame is false?

It brings a person closer to others.

This is a state that develops when a person feels incapable of affecting the outcome of events and gives up without trying.

Learned helplessness

This type of aggression occurs in response to being hurt, threatened, or deprived.

Reactive

_____ children land in the disliked category often and never appear in the preferred list. They also stand out amongst their classmates in a negative way.

Rejected

Who is the typical bullying target?

Unpopular children

_____ develop(s) quickly in children in early childhood because the neurons in the visual and motor cortex are in their pruning phase.

Walking

Ian goes to school and pulls the hair of a younger child. When Ian returns home, his brother's friends push Ian around and pretend they are going to punch him. The next day at school, Ian trips another child on the school bus. Ian's behavior appears to be that of a(n):

bully-victim.

Five-year-old Brenda is often loud, rude, aggressive, and disruptive. She probably has _____ tendencies.

externalizing

Children with _____ act on their immediate emotions and behave aggressively.

externalizing tendencies

Disruptive and aggressive behavior in children may indicate:

externalizing tendencies.

Tyrell disregards his academic failures and blames others for his problems. Tyrell's teachers should:

gently provide accurate feedback about his failures.

Nine-year-old Nanette realizes that she is not a scholar, but she is a star athlete, which is the life domain she really cares about. Nanette MOST likely has:

high self-esteem.

According to Erikson, preschoolers face the challenge of:

initiative versus guilt.

The Erikson stage during which children test their abilities, such as climbing high in a tree, is called:

initiative versus guilt.

Children who believe that they are powerless to affect their fate and thus give up on tasks without trying have developed:

learned helplessness.

When asked to explain why Josie is her best friend, Shareese answers, "because she makes me laugh and is nice to me." These girls are MOST likely _____ children, because they describe their friendship in terms of _____qualities.

older; internal

When a person feels guilty, that person is motivated to:

reconnect with others.

Since she does not have a pen, paper, or GPS in her car, Deedra memorizes her friend's phone directions by repeating the turns and street names in her mind over and over. Deedra is using a learning strategy called:

rehearsal.

Eleven-year-old Sarah loves to tattle on her older sister. Last week, Sarah told her sister's boyfriend that her sister had kissed another boy. Sarah showed _____ aggression.

relational